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International Partnership Reduces Crop Depredation by Cranes in Siberia
Pacific Region, October 31, 2004
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Recommendations resulting from a partnership of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the International Crane Foundation, and Daursky State Biosphere Reserve SBR)resulted in drastic reductions of crop damage by cranes in southern Siberia. In addition the program is low cost and totally supported by local farmers. In September 2001 FWS employees Steve Bouffard, Refuge Manager of Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge, and John Cornely, Migratory Bird Coordinator in Denver, Colorado, visited Daursky SBR, near the border of Mongolia in southern Siberia. They reviewed crop depredation problems with Oleg Goroshko, the Reserve Biologist. The International Crane Foundation funded the trip with a grant from The Trust for Mutual Understanding. Small grains grown in the buffer zone around the core area of the reserve were the focus of the damage. Each fall about 50,000 cranes of 5 species and nearly as many ducks and geese stage at Barun Torrey Lake. Peak numbers coincide with the fall grain harvest, with cranes taking as much as 70% of the crop in some fields. After 10 days in the field, the team developed recommendations to reduce the problem. Since the reserve was a Biosphere Site and 3 cranes and 1 goose were listed species, recommendations had to be very sensitive to wildlife. In addition, recommendations had to be low cost for any hope of the cooperative farmers implementing them without outside support. The team recommended that crop fields be moved farther away from Barun Torrey Lake where most cranes were roosting. Most fields were within 1 km of the lake on a large peninsula. They also recommended planting lure crops in fields near the lake.

A follow-up paper by Oleg at a conference in Korea in 2004, reported that application of these two recommendations had greatly reduced crop depredations. The cooperative farms had moved most crop fields 10-15 km from the lake, still within easy commuting distance of hungry cranes. But with the addition of lure crops of millet and bristlegrass (Setaria viridis) in the fields near the lake, crane numbers in crop fields dropped by 90%. Those cranes that fed in crop fields primarily used harvested fields where they cause no damage. Geese and shelducks seldom used crop fields after the lure crop program began. Through fecal analysis, Oleg had discovered that millet and green bristlegrass were preferred over wheat by cranes and waterfowl. Millet and bristlegrass are annuals which reseed themselves easily. These lure grasses can be maintained with little effort. All that is necessary is occasional disking to reduce weeds and improve the seedbed for these grasses. Where cooperative farmers once clamored for government restitution, they now support the entire lure crop program. They found that it costs only 5-10% of the value of previous damages to maintain the lure crop fields.

No contact information available. Please contact Charles Traxler, 612-713-5313, charles_traxler@fws.gov


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