Helicopter Applicators, Inc., of Gettysburg, Pa., was contracted to spray 750 acres of marshland by helicopter. Two aircraft made the job go quickly. Also, Allen Chorman, Inc., was contracted to spray 1,700 acres using a fixed-wing aircraft.

Ground spraying of phragmites, primarily adjacent to private homes, began in August. Refuge staff used spray rigs mounted on the Marsh Master tractor, a John Deer Gator and a pick-up truck to spray approximately 300 acres adjacent to over 150 homes to reduce the fire danger for these residents.