Table 361. | Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R & D plant: Fiscal years 1987 to 1995 |
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Actual | Estimate |____________________________________________________________________________|________________________________ Item | | | | | | | | | | Percent | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | change, | | | | | | | | | | 1994 to | | | | | | | | | | 1995 _____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 _____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Total outlays for research, development, and | | | | | | | | | | R & D plant ...............................................|$53,214.2 |$56,556.6 |$61,476.4 |$64,276.5 |$64,292.3 |$65,719.0 |$68,385.8 |$69,436.5 |$70,491.1 | 1.5 | | | | | | | | | | Research and development .................................| 51,611.7 | 54,739.4 | 59,450.4 | 62,246.8 | 61,130.4 | 62,934.5 | 65,241.3 | 66,404.1 | 67,843.1 | 2.2 R & D plant ..............................................| 1,602.4 | 1,817.2 | 2,026.1 | 2,029.7 | 3,162.0 | 2,784.5 | 3,144.5 | 3,032.4 | 2,648.0 | -12.7 |==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|========== Total obligations for research, development, and | | | | | | | | | | R & D plant ...............................................| 57,101.4 | 58,992.2 | 63,570.9 | 65,950.9 | 64,990.5 | 68,577.2 | 70,414.7 | 72,818.2 | 71,746.5 | -1.5 |==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|========== Research and development obligations ......................| 55,255.4 | 56,935.1 | 61,405.8 | 63,667.3 | 61,295.2 | 65,592.6 | 67,314.0 | 69,593.8 | 69,366.2 | -0.3 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..................................| 13,413.1 | 14,280.9 | 13,184.5 | 16,002.5 | 15,238.1 | 15,690.1 | 16,556.2 | 17,236.8 | 16,724.2 | -3.0 Industrial firms .......................................| 26,752.0 | 26,719.2 | 30,484.4 | 29,378.3 | 26,420.6 | 29,744.8 | 30,326.1 | 31,004.7 | 31,243.6 | 0.8 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............| 1,860.0 | 1,911.3 | 1,960.0 | 2,237.6 | 2,068.3 | 2,009.8 | 1,451.3 | 1,306.4 | 1,297.8 | -0.7 Universities and colleges ..............................| 7,353.6 | 7,827.7 | 8,672.0 | 9,142.2 | 10,168.5 | 10,271.2 | 11,156.1 | 11,969.4 | 12,096.6 | 1.1 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....| 3,209.5 | 3,473.9 | 3,497.1 | 3,466.4 | 3,603.8 | 3,855.5 | 3,666.5 | 3,490.0 | 3,607.9 | 3.4 Other nonprofit institutions ...........................| 1,710.8 | 1,682.6 | 1,999.1 | 2,249.6 | 2,637.4 | 2,803.6 | 2,811.9 | 2,990.9 | 2,712.2 | -9.3 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......| 510.6 | 505.6 | 522.0 | 632.3 | 679.4 | 745.6 | 753.4 | 781.5 | 890.3 | 13.9 State and local governments ............................| 148.3 | 142.1 | 167.4 | 213.9 | 215.1 | 184.1 | 320.3 | 568.8 | 560.6 | -1.4 Foreign ................................................| 297.6 | 391.8 | 919.4 | 344.7 | 263.9 | 287.9 | 272.2 | 245.3 | 233.1 | -4.9 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Research obligations ....................................| 17,942.7 | 18,650.0 | 20,765.4 | 21,738.9 | 23,968.4 | 24,490.6 | 26,890.5 | 28,033.5 | 28,161.2 | 0.5 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ................................| 5,437.7 | 5,338.4 | 5,981.5 | 5,953.3 | 6,539.3 | 6,615.7 | 7,360.1 | 7,645.9 | 7,600.2 | -0.6 Industrial firms .....................................| 2,448.6 | 2,642.5 | 2,875.1 | 3,199.9 | 3,406.5 | 3,451.2 | 4,018.9 | 4,189.8 | 4,129.2 | -1.4 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........| 433.5 | 455.2 | 519.8 | 542.7 | 624.6 | 592.4 | 795.8 | 693.7 | 635.2 | -8.4 Universities and colleges ............................| 6,640.3 | 7,022.9 | 7,793.2 | 8,141.5 | 8,867.5 | 9,060.7 | 9,844.1 | 10,610.1 | 10,839.5 | 2.2 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..| 1,470.9 | 1,564.8 | 1,703.4 | 1,808.1 | 2,160.9 | 2,351.8 | 2,347.6 | 2,187.0 | 2,226.6 | 1.8 Other nonprofit institutions .........................| 1,207.3 | 1,299.8 | 1,519.7 | 1,662.2 | 1,925.9 | 2,049.6 | 2,041.3 | 2,038.8 | 2,046.2 | 0.4 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....| 89.8 | 82.9 | 109.5 | 148.2 | 170.9 | 139.9 | 173.4 | 199.6 | 219.1 | 9.8 State and local governments ..........................| 90.2 | 103.1 | 121.2 | 126.4 | 129.3 | 109.3 | 211.8 | 376.2 | 367.5 | -2.3 Foreign ..............................................| 124.3 | 140.4 | 142.1 | 156.5 | 143.4 | 120.0 | 97.4 | 92.3 | 97.6 | 5.8 | | | | | | | | | | Fields of science | | | | | | | | | | Life sciences ........................................| 7,343.8 | 7,724.5 | 8,495.1 | 8,837.8 | 9,622.0 | 9,910.5 | 10,772.1 | 11,350.2 | 11,609.2 | 2.3 Psychology ...........................................| 369.5 | 389.8 | 421.7 | 448.6 | 482.4 | 298.1 | 550.7 | 569.4 | 573.7 | 0.8 Physical sciences ....................................| 3,252.7 | 3,317.3 | 3,705.2 | 3,808.7 | 4,235.3 | 4,439.2 | 4,427.0 | 4,449.0 | 4,379.1 | -1.6 Environmental sciences ...............................| 1,511.6 | 1,607.0 | 1,773.3 | 2,174.1 | 2,149.8 | 2,207.6 | 2,608.5 | 2,831.7 | 2,690.3 | -5.0 Mathematics and computer sciences ....................| 640.6 | 642.9 | 735.5 | 840.7 | 903.7 | 1,150.3 | 1,225.4 | 1,410.0 | 1,526.0 | 8.2 Engineering ..........................................| 3,906.2 | 3,956.3 | 4,442.0 | 4,335.2 | 4,944.5 | 4,977.0 | 5,499.4 | 5,700.6 | 5,629.4 | -1.2 Social sciences ......................................| 480.1 | 485.8 | 551.1 | 630.0 | 727.3 | 689.7 | 674.9 | 708.4 | 698.8 | -1.4 Other sciences .......................................| 438.3 | 526.5 | 641.6 | 663.7 | 903.4 | 806.3 | 1,132.5 | 1,014.3 | 1,054.5 | 4.0 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Basic research obligations ............................| 8,944.1 | 9,473.6 | 10,602.0 | 11,285.6 | 12,170.8 | 12,489.9 | 13,399.1 | 14,043.4 | 14,201.0 | 1.1 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..............................| 2,046.2 | 2,050.3 | 2,370.7 | 2,366.0 | 2,446.5 | 2,397.0 | 2,605.1 | 2,740.8 | 2,719.8 | -0.8 Industrial firms ...................................| 466.9 | 596.9 | 773.2 | 887.5 | 949.9 | 920.3 | 959.2 | 1,015.0 | 963.9 | -5.0 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .........| 119.9 | 133.0 | 166.7 | 175.4 | 209.1 | 187.8 | 237.3 | 234.6 | 212.8 | -9.3 Universities and colleges ..........................| 4,665.8 | 4,868.3 | 5,221.4 | 5,548.2 | 6,064.5 | 6,331.8 | 6,798.5 | 7,323.8 | 7,496.7 | 2.4 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges | 906.6 | 989.8 | 1,098.1 | 1,227.3 | 1,306.2 | 1,394.1 | 1,437.8 | 1,411.7 | 1,422.2 | 0.7 Other nonprofit institutions .......................| 657.7 | 728.6 | 838.9 | 924.1 | 1,015.5 | 1,097.2 | 1,164.9 | 1,095.4 | 1,129.7 | 3.1 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions ...| 13.3 | 17.7 | 42.2 | 59.2 | 80.8 | 65.5 | 71.3 | 77.8 | 88.4 | 13.6 State and local governments ........................| 37.5 | 42.7 | 43.6 | 50.4 | 49.1 | 42.4 | 71.7 | 91.7 | 114.2 | 24.6 Foreign ............................................| 30.2 | 46.3 | 47.4 | 47.6 | 49.1 | 53.8 | 53.3 | 52.6 | 53.4 | 1.5 | | | | | | | | | | Fields of science | | | | | | | | | | Life sciences ......................................| 4,363.6 | 4,501.8 | 4,915.7 | 5,177.5 | 5,433.6 | 5,841.7 | 6,288.8 | 6,673.7 | 6,898.5 | 3.4 Psychology .........................................| 147.2 | 177.8 | 187.1 | 215.1 | 225.5 | 122.6 | 246.8 | 256.3 | 268.7 | 4.8 Physical sciences ..................................| 2,096.0 | 2,199.6 | 2,506.5 | 2,661.5 | 2,881.5 | 2,951.4 | 2,907.1 | 2,946.9 | 2,900.3 | -1.6 Environmental sciences .............................| 781.0 | 872.7 | 1,016.9 | 1,274.8 | 1,263.5 | 1,303.6 | 1,533.5 | 1,574.9 | 1,526.0 | -3.1 Mathematics and computer sciences ..................| 306.4 | 313.2 | 349.8 | 406.9 | 426.1 | 481.4 | 511.3 | 563.6 | 582.9 | 3.4 Engineering ........................................| 989.5 | 1,006.2 | 1,183.7 | 1,101.5 | 1,233.7 | 1,249.8 | 1,207.4 | 1,325.1 | 1,286.4 | -2.9 Social sciences ....................................| 129.5 | 146.8 | 154.6 | 146.0 | 161.4 | 139.9 | 194.1 | 192.1 | 206.3 | 7.4 Other sciences .....................................| 130.9 | 255.5 | 291.7 | 302.3 | 545.6 | 399.4 | 510.1 | 510.7 | 532.0 | 4.2 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Applied research obligations ..........................| 8,998.6 | 9,176.4 | 10,163.3 | 10,453.3 | 11,797.6 | 12,000.7 | 13,491.4 | 13,990.2 | 13,960.2 | -0.2 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..............................| 3,391.5 | 3,288.1 | 3,610.8 | 3,587.3 | 4,092.8 | 4,218.7 | 4,755.0 | 4,905.1 | 4,880.5 | -0.5 Industrial firms ...................................| 1,981.7 | 2,045.6 | 2,101.8 | 2,312.4 | 2,456.6 | 2,530.9 | 3,059.7 | 3,174.8 | 3,165.3 | -0.3 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .........| 313.6 | 322.2 | 353.2 | 367.3 | 415.5 | 404.6 | 558.6 | 459.2 | 422.4 | -8.0 Universities and colleges ..........................| 1,974.5 | 2,154.6 | 2,571.8 | 2,593.4 | 2,803.0 | 2,728.9 | 3,045.5 | 3,286.3 | 3,342.8 | 1.7 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges | 564.3 | 575.0 | 605.4 | 580.8 | 854.7 | 957.6 | 909.8 | 775.3 | 804.4 | 3.8 Other nonprofit institutions .......................| 549.7 | 571.2 | 680.8 | 738.1 | 910.4 | 952.5 | 876.4 | 943.4 | 916.5 | -2.9 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions ...| 76.5 | 65.2 | 67.3 | 89.0 | 90.1 | 74.5 | 102.2 | 121.8 | 130.7 | 7.4 State and local governments ........................| 52.7 | 60.4 | 77.6 | 76.1 | 80.2 | 66.9 | 140.1 | 284.6 | 253.3 | -11.0 Foreign ............................................| 94.1 | 94.1 | 94.6 | 109.0 | 94.3 | 66.2 | 44.1 | 39.7 | 44.2 | 11.4 | | | | | | | | | | Fields of science | | | | | | | | | | Life sciences ......................................| 2,980.2 | 3,222.7 | 3,579.4 | 3,660.3 | 4,188.4 | 4,068.8 | 4,483.3 | 4,676.4 | 4,710.8 | 0.7 Psychology .........................................| 222.4 | 212.0 | 234.5 | 233.5 | 258.9 | 175.6 | 303.9 | 313.1 | 305.1 | -2.6 Physical sciences ..................................| 1,156.6 | 1,117.7 | 1,198.8 | 1,147.2 | 1,353.9 | 1,467.7 | 1,519.8 | 1,502.1 | 1,478.8 | -1.6 Environmental sciences .............................| 730.6 | 734.3 | 756.3 | 899.3 | 886.3 | 904.0 | 1,075.0 | 1,256.8 | 1,164.3 | -7.4 Mathematics and computer sciences ..................| 334.3 | 329.6 | 389.7 | 433.9 | 477.6 | 678.9 | 714.1 | 846.4 | 943.1 | 11.4 Engineering ........................................| 2,916.7 | 2,950.0 | 3,258.3 | 3,233.7 | 3,710.8 | 3,727.1 | 4,292.0 | 4,375.5 | 4,343.1 | -0.7 Social sciences ....................................| 350.5 | 339.0 | 396.4 | 484.0 | 566.0 | 549.8 | 480.8 | 516.3 | 492.5 | -4.6 Other sciences .....................................| 307.4 | 271.0 | 350.0 | 361.5 | 357.8 | 406.8 | 622.4 | 503.6 | 522.6 | 3.8 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Development obligations .................................| 37,312.7 | 38,285.1 | 40,640.4 | 41,928.4 | 37,326.8 | 41,102.0 | 40,423.5 | 41,560.3 | 41,205.1 | -0.9 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ................................| 7,975.4 | 8,942.5 | 7,203.0 | 10,049.2 | 8,698.8 | 9,074.4 | 9,196.2 | 9,590.8 | 9,124.0 | -4.9 Industrial firms .....................................| 24,303.4 | 24,076.7 | 27,609.3 | 26,178.4 | 23,014.1 | 26,293.6 | 26,307.2 | 26,814.9 | 27,114.4 | 1.1 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........| 1,426.4 | 1,456.1 | 1,440.2 | 1,694.9 | 1,443.7 | 1,417.4 | 655.5 | 612.7 | 662.6 | 8.1 Universities and colleges ............................| 713.2 | 804.8 | 878.8 | 1,000.5 | 1,301.0 | 1,210.6 | 1,312.0 | 1,359.3 | 1,257.1 | -7.5 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..| 1,738.6 | 1,909.1 | 1,793.6 | 1,658.3 | 1,442.9 | 1,503.7 | 1,318.9 | 1,302.9 | 1,381.3 | 6.0 Other nonprofit institutions .........................| 503.4 | 382.8 | 479.5 | 587.4 | 711.5 | 753.9 | 770.6 | 952.1 | 666.0 | -30.0 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....| 420.8 | 422.7 | 412.4 | 484.0 | 508.5 | 605.7 | 580.0 | 581.9 | 671.2 | 15.3 State and local governments ..........................| 58.0 | 39.0 | 46.3 | 87.5 | 85.8 | 74.8 | 108.5 | 192.6 | 193.1 | 0.3 Foreign ..............................................| 173.4 | 251.4 | 777.3 | 188.1 | 120.5 | 167.9 | 174.8 | 153.0 | 135.5 | -11.4 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ R & D plant obligations ...................................| 1,846.0 | 2,057.1 | 2,165.1 | 2,283.6 | 3,695.4 | 2,984.6 | 3,100.7 | 3,224.4 | 2,380.3 | -26.2 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..................................| 301.6 | 319.6 | 329.5 | 359.9 | 461.1 | 506.2 | 432.0 | 709.0 | 364.9 | -48.5 Industrial firms .......................................| 668.7 | 719.5 | 900.4 | 884.0 | 1,889.2 | 1,014.4 | 1,048.2 | 1,338.6 | 999.7 | -25.3 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............| 212.9 | 204.3 | 212.3 | 231.0 | 279.6 | 202.2 | 124.4 | 120.7 | 146.3 | 21.3 Universities and colleges ..............................| 230.5 | 245.8 | 204.9 | 155.8 | 253.3 | 241.5 | 361.4 | 295.1 | 152.0 | -48.5 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....| 400.5 | 535.3 | 489.9 | 495.8 | 624.6 | 579.5 | 619.5 | 656.5 | 613.7 | -6.5 Other nonprofit institutions ...........................| 20.6 | 23.7 | 14.2 | 121.3 | 154.6 | 393.9 | 415.6 | 13.7 | 9.7 | -29.0 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......| 5.4 | 6.2 | 8.4 | 31.4 | 19.7 | 46.3 | 65.5 | 72.7 | 93.5 | 28.7 State and local governments ............................| --- | 0.3 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | -3.7 Foreign ................................................| 5.8 | 2.4 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 12.8 | 0.0 | 33.4 | 17.6 | 0.0 | -100.0 _____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ |
\1\Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance. ---Data not available or not applicable. NOTE.--Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, various years. (This table was prepared May 1995.) |