Abstract
NOAA Electronic Navigational Charts (NOAA ENC®s) have been developed to support safe navigation in U.S. waters and are available for free download. NOAA ENC®s are in International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) S-57 format, which is the data standard developed by the IHO to be used for the exchange of digital hydrographic data. NOAA ENCs can also be used for non-navigational purposes in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In order for NOAA ENC®s to be used in GIS, the data must be translated from S-57 to a GIS-friendly format. The resulting data can be used for a variety of non-navigational purposes that involve geospatial analyses.
Purpose
The NOAA ENC®Direct to GIS web portal provides comprehensive access to display, query, and download all available NOAA ENC® data in a variety of GIS/CAD formats for non-navigational purposes using Internet mapping service technology. Nautical chart features contained within a NOAA ENC® provide a detailed representation of the U.S. coastal and marine environment. These data include coastal topography, bathymetry, landmarks, geographic place names, and marine boundaries. Features in a single NOAA ENC are limited in that they only represent the geographic region that is depicted in that particular NOAA ENC® cell. By aggregating nautical features from all NOAA ENC® in the creation of GIS data, a continuous depiction of the U.S coastal and marine environment is achieved.
Basic structure of NOAA ENC data
An ENC contains attributed vector spatial data of nautical chart features. Nautical chart features are organized in S-57 object classes. Attributes in an ENC further describe each nautical feature. Each ENC object class has predefined geometry types associated with it (e.g., point, line, area (polygon in NOAA ENC®Direct to GIS)). For example, the land area object class has both point and polygon geometry. An ENC can contain any of the predefined IHO object classes and attributes.
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