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Many states and districts have created content and performance standards targeted at boosting student achievement in mathematics and science. As this process continues, these jurisdictions find they need reliable data on how their students compare internationally in these areas. The TIMSS Benchmarking Studies provided an opportunity for states and districts to assess the comparative international standing of their students' achievement and to evaluate their mathematics and science programs in an international context.
The TIMSS 1995 Benchmarking Study included 5 states and one consortium of school districts. In 1999 the study expanded as 13 states and 14 districts or consortia of districts participated (see below for list of participants). In 2003, Indiana collected separate TIMSS data for the state. These states and consortia administered the TIMSS assessments following the same guidelines as those developed for the main TIMSS assessments, but separately from the U.S. national samples.
The following states and districts participated in the TIMSS 1995 Benchmarking Study:
| States | School Districts/Consortia |
| Colorado | First in the World Consortium (IL) |
| Illinois | |
| Minnesota | |
| Missouri | |
| Oregon |
The following states and districts participated in the TIMSS 1999 Benchmarking Study:
| States | School Districts/Consortia |
| Connecticut | Academy School District #20, Colorado Springs (CO) |
| Idaho | Chicago Public Schools (IL) |
| Illinois | Delaware Science Coalition (DE) |
| Indiana | First in the World Consortium (IL) |
| Maryland | Fremont/Lincoln/Westside Public Schools (NE) |
| Massachusetts | Guilford County (NC) |
| Michigan | Jersey City Public Schools (NJ) |
| Missouri | Miami-Dade County Public Schools (FL) |
| North Carolina | Michigan Invitational Group (MI) |
| Oregon | Montgomery County (MD) |
| Pennsylvania | Naperville Community Unit School District #203 (IL) |
| South Carolina | Project SMART Consortium (OH) |
| Texas | Rochester City School District (NY) |
| SW Pennsylvania Math and Science Collaborative (PA) |
Reports related to the findings of the TIMSS Benchmarking Studies are available under Reports/Products.
