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- Learn what rights you have when buying a used car. Contact
your state or local consumer protection office.
- Find out in advance what paperwork you will need to register a
vehicle. Contact your state's motor vehicle department.
- Check prices of similar models using the NADA Official Used Car Guide published by the National Automobile Dealer Association or the Kelly Blue Book. These guides are usually
available at local libraries.
- Research the vehicle's history. Ask the seller for details
concerning past owners, use, and maintenance. Next, find out whether the car has
been damaged in a flood, involved in a crash, been labeled a lemon or had its
odometer rolled back. The vehicle identification number (VIN) will help you do this.
- Your state motor vehicle department can research the car's title history. Inspect
the title for "salvage," "rebuilt," or similar notations.
- The websites www.carfax.com
and www.autocheck.com sell
information on the history of vehicles gathered from state motor vehicle
departments and other sources. These reports are helpful but they do not
guarantee that a vehicle is accident-free.
- The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration lists VINs of its
crash-test vehicles and will let you search an online database of manufacturer
service bulletins.
- The Center for Auto Safety
provides information on safety defects, recalls, and lemons, as well as service
bulletins.
- Visit www.safetyforum.com
for a free online search of its database of lemons registered by previous owners.
- Make sure any mileage disclosures match the odometer reading on the car.
- Check the warranty. If a manufacturer's warranty is still in effect, contact the
manufacturer to make sure you can use the coverage.
- Ask about the dealer's return policy. Get it in writing and read it carefully.
- Have the car inspected by your mechanic. Talk to the seller and agree in advance
that you'll pay for the examination if the car passes inspection, but the seller
will pay if significant problems are discovered. A qualified mechanic should check the
vehicle's frame, tires, air bags and undercarriage, as well as the engine.
- Examine dealer documents carefully. Make sure you are buying- not leasing- the
vehicle. Leases use terms such as "balloon payment" and "base mileage" disclosures.
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Beware: Curb Stoning & Title Washing
Curb stoning occurs when a dealer has an inferior or damaged car he
can't sell on his lot. He gives the car to a salesperson to sell through
the classifieds, as if it were a private party sale. A title history report
will show that the title recently changed hands and could reveal that it is
a lemon or an otherwise branded car. Be suspicious if the seller's name is
different from the name on the title.
Title washing occurs when scam artists try to sell a salvage vehicle by
concealing its history of damage from a buyer. Although a vehicle's title
should show if it has been damaged or salvaged, some states do not document
titles in the same way as other states. By moving a vehicle and its title
through several different states, con artists try to "wash" out the title
branding of salvage or damage. The best way to avoid this trick is to buy
only from reputable dealers and/or to get a title guarantee in writing.
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