National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program

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General Information

Regional Assessments of Principal Aquifers

A major focus of the NAWQA Program in its second decade (2002-2013) is on regional- and national-scale assessments of ground-water status and trends in principal aquifers. The U.S. Geological Survey Office of Ground Water has identified 62 principal aquifers in the U.S. (U.S. Geological Survey, 2003,). About 1/3 of the Nation's principal aquifers are the focus of water-quality assessments at the principal-aquifer scale by NAWQA. (see listing on right side)

The NAWQA framework for principal aquifer assessments considers the physical setting of the aquifer, in addition to its susceptibility and vulnerability to contamination.

More information about Principal Aquifer Assessments (USGS Fact Sheet 2005-3013, PDF)

Publications about Principal Aquifer Assessments

Selected issues addressed by NAWQA's ground-water status and trends assessment

What is a Principal Aquifer?

Principal Aquifer Map

Definition: A principal aquifer is defined as a regionally extensive aquifer or aquifer system that has the potential to be used as a source of potable water. An aquifer is a geologic formation, a group of formations, or a part of a formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs. Aquifers are often combined into aquifer systems. (U.S. Geological Survey, 2003).

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