Lung Cancer Screening with Sputum Cytologic Examination, Chest Radiography, and Computed Tomography

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Study, Year	Study Type	Setting	Description of Sample	Intervention	Odds Ratio or Relative Risk or Number of Malignancies Identified
Sobue, 2000⁴³	Case-control	Japan	65 low-risk patients	CXR with or without sputum cytology	0.42 (0.20-0.87) for screening < 12 mos
Sagawa et al, 2001⁴⁴	Case-control	Japan	70 low-risk patients aged > 39	CXR with or without sputum cytology	0.57 (0.30-1.11) for screening < 12 mos
Tsukada et al, 2001⁴⁵	Case-control	Japan	25 low-risk patients aged > 40	CXR with or without sputum cytology	0.61 (0.23-1.68) for screening < 12 mos
Nishii et al, 2001⁴⁶	Case-control	Japan	412 mixed-risk patients aged 40-79	CXR	0.39 (0.24-0.64) for screening < 12 mos
Henschke et al, 1999, 2001^54,55	Cohort	U.S.	460 high-risk participants	Baseline LDCT and repeated LDCT	NR by sex
Sone et al, 2001⁵⁸	Cohort	Japan	2,512 participants 1,816 participants	Baseline LDCT Repeated LDCT	11 malignancies identified 4 malignancies identified
Diederich et al, 2002⁵³	Cohort	Germany	229 high-risk participants	Baseline LDCT	NR by sex
Nawa et al, 2002⁵⁶	Cohort	Japan	1,367 participants (4.3% current or former smokers)	Baseline LDCT Annual repeated LDCT	12 malignancies identified, all in nonsmokers 0
Swensen et al, 2002, 2003^61,62	Cohort	U.S.	735 participants	Baseline and repeated LDCT	NR by sex

Notes: CXR, chest x-ray; LDCT, low-dose computerized tomography; NR, not reported.