The cognitive processes that underlie self- and proxy-reports of attitudes and behaviors have recently received increased attention in the survey methodology literature. However, this research has not yet fully exploited the wealth of psychological theorizing that may potentially be relevant to self and proxy reporting. Most importantly, psychological research on person perception and attribution bears on how individuals form mental representations of self and other, and on how they use these representations in recall and estimation processes. The present paper provides a selective review of this psychological literature; relates its key findings to methodological issues of self and proxy reporting; and reports the findings of several laboratory experiments and an experimental survey designed to provide first tests of key hypotheses derived from cognitive theorizing. Implications for future research, respondent selection rules, and questionnaire construction are discussed.
