Award Abstract #0643322
CAREER: Exploring the Dynamics of Individual Pedestrian and Crowd Behavior in Dense Urban Settings: A Computational Approach

NSF Org:	BCS Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences
Initial Amendment Date:	April 11, 2007
Latest Amendment Date:	April 10, 2009
Award Number:	0643322
Award Instrument:	Continuing grant
Program Manager:	Thomas J. Baerwald BCS Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences SBE Directorate for Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences
Start Date:	June 1, 2007
Expires:	May 31, 2010 (Estimated)
Awarded Amount to Date:	$264191
Investigator(s):	Paul Torrens torrens@geosimulation.com (Principal Investigator)
Sponsor:	Arizona State University ORSPA TEMPE, AZ 85287 480/965-5479
NSF Program(s):	GEOGRAPHY AND SPATIAL SCIENCES, METHOD, MEASURE & STATS
Field Application(s):
Program Reference Code(s):	OTHR, 1187, 1045, 0000
Program Element Code(s):	1352, 1333

ABSTRACT

Crowds are vital to the lifeblood of cities. Crowd behavior has largely been veiled from traditional academic inquiry, however. For example, it is impractical to establish live experiments with hundreds or thousands of people along busy streetscapes, to reproduce mob behavior during riots for the purposes of academic experimentation, or to expect to replicate the life-and-death behavior under emergency situations in a fabricated fashion. Modeling and simulation occupy a pivotal role in the research of crowd behavior as synthetic laboratories for exploring ideas and hypotheses that are simply not amenable to investigation by other means. Major advances have been made in modeling crowd dynamics, but challenges remain. The goal of this Faculty Early-Career Development (CAREER) award is to support research, education, and related activities that will develop a reusable and behaviorally founded computer model of pedestrian movement and crowd behavior amid dense urban environments. The investigator intends for this work to serve as a test-bed for experimentation with ideas, hypotheses, and plans that would otherwise lie beyond the reach of academic inquiry. The research will seek to advance the state-of-the-art in crowd modeling by representing individuals, crowds, and the ambient city with rich detail. Models will be built with theory-informed algorithms that capture the intricacies of human behavior. The model will be realized as a fully immersive three-dimensional environment that engages both the public and students, and it will convey intuitively complicated ideas about human movement and crowd behavior. A robust calibration and validation scheme will be employed to facilitate evaluation of policies and plans in simulation and mapping of models to real-world scenarios in public health, downtown revitalization, public safety, defense, large-scale event-planning, escape, evacuation, and emergencies.

The project will be innovative in areas of methodological and substantive interest in many ways. It will push the current state-of-the-art in spatial modeling in the geographical sciences. The work will broaden the behavioral base for computational modeling of human movement. The project will contribute to the development of dynamic geographic information science. The work also will produce a novel validation scheme that combines GIS analytics based on time geography with spatial analysis, landscape metrics, and spatial statistics. Substantively, the model will be used to build theory in areas of human and urban geography that are traditionally ill-equipped for investigation and examination at the micro-scale and in massively dynamic contexts. Moreover, the model will serve as an experimental but wholly realistic environment for exploring "what-if" and unforeseen scenarios of relevance to cities and their citizens.

PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH

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Griffin, William;Schmidt, Shana;Nara, Atsushi;Torrens, Paul M.;Sechler, Casey;.  "Integrating ABM and GIS to model typologies of playgroup dynamics in preschool children,"  Agent 2007: Complex Interaction and Social Emergence,  2007,  p. 17-24.

Nara, Atsushi;Torrens, Paul M.;.  "Spatial and temporal analysis of pedestrian egress behavior and efficiency,"  Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) Advances in Geographic Information Systems,  2007,  p. 284-287.

Torrens, Paul M.;.  "Geospatial exoskeletons for automata in agent-based models,"  Agent 2007: Complex Interaction and Social EmergenceChicago, pp. 457-464,  2007,  p. 457-464.

Torrens, Paul M.;.  "Behavioral intelligence for geospatial agents in urban environments,"  IEEE Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT 2007),  2007,  p. 63-66.


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