May 2008 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

Indianapolis-Carmel, IN



For metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area definitions used by the OES survey, see the MSA definitions page.


These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors in Indianapolis-Carmel, IN, a metropolitan statistical area in Indiana.

Additional information, including the hourly and annual 10th, 25th, 75th, and 90th percentile wages and the employment percent relative standard error, is available in the downloadable Excel files (XLS).

Links to OES estimates for other areas and States

Major Occupational Groups in Indianapolis-Carmel, IN (Note--clicking a link will scroll the page to the occupational group):

All Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
00-0000 All Occupations 904,130 $15.75 $19.91 $41,420 1.1 %
 
Management Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
11-0000 Management Occupations 41,190 $38.74 $44.59 $92,750 2.7 %
11-1011 Chief Executives 1,630 (5) $85.35 $177,520 3.3 %
11-1021 General and Operations Managers 9,140 $46.94 $53.36 $111,000 2.4 %
11-1031 Legislators 300 (4) (4) $105,630 11.0 %
11-2011 Advertising and Promotions Managers 260 $39.36 $42.89 $89,210 4.0 %
11-2021 Marketing Managers 1,180 $46.01 $51.42 $106,950 3.3 %
11-2022 Sales Managers 2,550 $43.59 $50.34 $104,710 2.9 %
11-2031 Public Relations Managers 600 $33.30 $36.51 $75,940 3.1 %
11-3011 Administrative Services Managers 1,260 $32.09 $35.42 $73,680 2.1 %
11-3021 Computer and Information Systems Managers 2,160 $46.67 $48.63 $101,140 1.2 %
11-3031 Financial Managers 2,800 $47.41 $52.22 $108,620 2.0 %
11-3041 Compensation and Benefits Managers 230 $35.92 $38.55 $80,190 2.3 %
11-3042 Training and Development Managers 280 $33.11 $36.13 $75,150 4.9 %
11-3049 Human Resources Managers, All Other 610 $38.23 $41.74 $86,820 3.5 %
11-3051 Industrial Production Managers 1,230 $37.51 $42.61 $88,620 3.0 %
11-3061 Purchasing Managers 510 $38.68 $42.20 $87,780 3.4 %
11-3071 Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers 820 $35.93 $39.81 $82,810 3.3 %
11-9021 Construction Managers 1,920 $39.40 $43.40 $90,270 2.5 %
11-9031 Education Administrators, Preschool and Child Care Center/Program 180 $17.23 $19.32 $40,180 3.6 %
11-9032 Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School 940 (4) (4) $83,620 1.2 %
11-9033 Education Administrators, Postsecondary 410 $31.39 $34.39 $71,530 7.0 %
11-9039 Education Administrators, All Other 110 $31.91 $33.91 $70,540 6.8 %
11-9041 Engineering Managers 1,190 $40.32 $43.50 $90,470 2.6 %
11-9051 Food Service Managers 1,270 $20.77 $22.68 $47,180 2.5 %
11-9061 Funeral Directors 160 $22.80 $23.53 $48,950 8.2 %
11-9081 Lodging Managers 120 $22.34 $22.28 $46,340 3.6 %
11-9111 Medical and Health Services Managers 2,300 $35.43 $38.63 $80,360 3.1 %
11-9121 Natural Sciences Managers 890 $24.21 $27.41 $57,010 6.0 %
11-9131 Postmasters and Mail Superintendents 70 $32.46 $31.91 $66,380 1.3 %
11-9141 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers 770 $23.07 $29.30 $60,940 9.4 %
11-9151 Social and Community Service Managers 760 $23.17 $26.17 $54,430 4.3 %
11-9199 Managers, All Other 4,530 $27.42 $30.45 $63,330 1.6 %
 
Business and Financial Operations Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
13-0000 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 41,540 $26.39 $29.34 $61,030 1.8 %
13-1021 Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products 170 $21.88 $24.20 $50,330 18.8 %
13-1022 Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products 600 $22.40 $25.61 $53,270 3.9 %
13-1023 Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products 1,970 $24.54 $26.07 $54,220 1.5 %
13-1031 Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators 2,270 $23.46 $25.00 $51,990 2.8 %
13-1032 Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage 120 $26.35 $26.19 $54,480 1.5 %
13-1041 Compliance Officers, Except Agriculture, Construction, Health and Safety, and Transportation 1,690 $20.87 $24.45 $50,870 4.2 %
13-1051 Cost Estimators 1,740 $27.42 $29.12 $60,570 2.3 %
13-1061 Emergency Management Specialists 50 $21.14 $22.33 $46,440 4.4 %
13-1071 Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists 2,200 $18.91 $22.64 $47,090 4.1 %
13-1072 Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists 670 $25.85 $27.11 $56,400 3.5 %
13-1073 Training and Development Specialists 1,960 $25.65 $25.70 $53,450 2.8 %
13-1079 Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other 1,250 $24.94 $27.36 $56,920 4.9 %
13-1081 Logisticians 480 $32.03 $32.70 $68,010 1.9 %
13-1111 Management Analysts 4,810 $31.19 $34.67 $72,120 5.1 %
13-1121 Meeting and Convention Planners 360 $18.70 $20.95 $43,570 4.5 %
13-1199 Business Operations Specialists, All Other 4,330 $28.30 $31.18 $64,840 3.9 %
13-2011 Accountants and Auditors 8,580 $28.40 $30.90 $64,270 2.9 %
13-2021 Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate 490 $21.26 $23.35 $48,560 5.2 %
13-2031 Budget Analysts 300 $30.58 $30.87 $64,200 2.1 %
13-2041 Credit Analysts 400 $20.72 $24.78 $51,540 3.1 %
13-2051 Financial Analysts 1,120 $29.32 $33.15 $68,960 4.1 %
13-2052 Personal Financial Advisors 700 $44.11 $53.65 $111,600 8.0 %
13-2053 Insurance Underwriters 970 $25.96 $28.46 $59,200 4.4 %
13-2061 Financial Examiners 360 $32.91 $36.04 $74,970 4.4 %
13-2071 Loan Counselors 170 $16.58 $17.41 $36,220 2.7 %
13-2072 Loan Officers 2,050 $22.48 $27.35 $56,900 5.9 %
13-2081 Tax Examiners, Collectors, and Revenue Agents 340 $17.57 $22.52 $46,840 8.2 %
13-2082 Tax Preparers 200 $15.42 $16.74 $34,820 9.8 %
13-2099 Financial Specialists, All Other 1,190 $29.02 $30.51 $63,470 3.2 %
 
Computer and Mathematical Science Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
15-0000 Computer and Mathematical Science Occupations 22,240 $30.75 $31.91 $66,360 1.2 %
15-1011 Computer and Information Scientists, Research 90 $45.73 $47.89 $99,620 6.4 %
15-1021 Computer Programmers 3,140 $31.93 $34.63 $72,020 3.6 %
15-1031 Computer Software Engineers, Applications 2,830 $33.95 $35.20 $73,210 2.1 %
15-1032 Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software 1,810 $37.77 $37.86 $78,750 1.8 %
15-1041 Computer Support Specialists 3,730 $19.92 $20.77 $43,210 1.9 %
15-1051 Computer Systems Analysts 3,370 $32.96 $34.41 $71,570 2.2 %
15-1061 Database Administrators 1,000 $31.55 $31.64 $65,820 1.5 %
15-1071 Network and Computer Systems Administrators 2,530 $30.04 $29.85 $62,090 3.3 %
15-1081 Network Systems and Data Communications Analysts 1,600 $33.99 $34.36 $71,470 2.8 %
15-1099 Computer Specialists, All Other 1,030 $35.07 $33.48 $69,640 5.1 %
15-2011 Actuaries 180 $47.48 $50.90 $105,870 7.7 %
15-2031 Operations Research Analysts 500 $29.68 $32.74 $68,100 4.1 %
15-2041 Statisticians 430 $29.97 $29.64 $61,640 5.6 %
 
Architecture and Engineering Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
17-0000 Architecture and Engineering Occupations 15,190 $28.84 $30.63 $63,700 1.3 %
17-1011 Architects, Except Landscape and Naval 830 $29.17 $33.49 $69,650 5.7 %
17-1012 Landscape Architects 60 $28.51 $28.45 $59,170 3.1 %
17-1021 Cartographers and Photogrammetrists 130 $21.47 $22.91 $47,650 5.9 %
17-1022 Surveyors 420 $22.78 $22.83 $47,490 3.4 %
17-2011 Aerospace Engineers (8) $43.57 $42.33 $88,060 3.8 %
17-2031 Biomedical Engineers (8) $26.85 $26.80 $55,740 3.1 %
17-2041 Chemical Engineers 240 $40.60 $41.15 $85,600 3.1 %
17-2051 Civil Engineers 1,680 $32.20 $35.31 $73,440 2.6 %
17-2061 Computer Hardware Engineers 40 $35.66 $37.03 $77,010 5.1 %
17-2071 Electrical Engineers 670 $37.17 $36.71 $76,350 3.3 %
17-2072 Electronics Engineers, Except Computer 720 $33.89 $35.78 $74,430 3.9 %
17-2081 Environmental Engineers 240 $36.20 $35.39 $73,620 6.1 %
17-2111 Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors 340 $28.86 $29.10 $60,530 2.6 %
17-2112 Industrial Engineers 1,450 $33.37 $34.86 $72,500 3.0 %
17-2131 Materials Engineers 260 $27.74 $29.42 $61,190 4.5 %
17-2141 Mechanical Engineers 1,540 $32.27 $33.25 $69,170 1.7 %
17-2199 Engineers, All Other (8) $29.15 $31.68 $65,900 6.4 %
17-3011 Architectural and Civil Drafters 830 $21.51 $23.17 $48,200 5.8 %
17-3012 Electrical and Electronics Drafters 120 $24.18 $24.36 $50,670 3.3 %
17-3013 Mechanical Drafters 510 $22.99 $22.80 $47,420 4.8 %
17-3019 Drafters, All Other 100 $17.55 $17.83 $37,090 7.5 %
17-3021 Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians 60 $28.36 $29.35 $61,040 12.8 %
17-3022 Civil Engineering Technicians 420 $23.10 $23.31 $48,490 2.9 %
17-3023 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians 800 $25.41 $25.47 $52,990 2.1 %
17-3024 Electro-Mechanical Technicians 60 $20.47 $21.30 $44,300 4.5 %
17-3025 Environmental Engineering Technicians 60 $19.14 $20.81 $43,280 4.5 %
17-3026 Industrial Engineering Technicians 320 $21.93 $23.29 $48,450 3.2 %
17-3027 Mechanical Engineering Technicians 240 $21.33 $21.75 $45,250 1.5 %
17-3029 Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other 340 $24.81 $25.24 $52,490 2.8 %
17-3031 Surveying and Mapping Technicians 520 $17.70 $18.05 $37,550 2.3 %
 
Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
19-0000 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations 10,220 $23.52 $25.94 $53,950 3.5 %
19-1012 Food Scientists and Technologists 40 $28.38 $31.57 $65,660 10.9 %
19-1013 Soil and Plant Scientists 30 $20.89 $26.11 $54,320 3.0 %
19-1021 Biochemists and Biophysicists (8) $41.47 $45.58 $94,810 3.4 %
19-1029 Biological Scientists, All Other 30 $25.60 $24.99 $51,980 7.0 %
19-1031 Conservation Scientists 40 $20.51 $25.40 $52,830 6.8 %
19-1042 Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists (8) $27.35 $27.39 $56,970 6.8 %
19-1099 Life Scientists, All Other 100 $30.09 $32.97 $68,590 3.6 %
19-2021 Atmospheric and Space Scientists 40 $40.18 $42.42 $88,230 8.8 %
19-2031 Chemists (8) $24.44 $26.53 $55,180 2.3 %
19-2041 Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health 700 $30.15 $31.93 $66,410 6.0 %
19-2042 Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers 210 $24.67 $27.71 $57,630 9.5 %
19-2043 Hydrologists 60 $24.45 $28.66 $59,610 15.5 %
19-3021 Market Research Analysts 940 $25.12 $28.49 $59,260 2.8 %
19-3022 Survey Researchers 180 $22.11 $22.11 $45,990 20.2 %
19-3031 Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists 380 $31.72 $37.66 $78,330 10.5 %
19-3039 Psychologists, All Other 30 $37.94 $40.38 $83,980 4.6 %
19-3051 Urban and Regional Planners 180 $23.11 $23.30 $48,470 2.5 %
19-3099 Social Scientists and Related Workers, All Other 120 $24.02 $25.57 $53,180 4.8 %
19-4021 Biological Technicians (8) $14.17 $17.20 $35,780 5.6 %
19-4031 Chemical Technicians (8) $15.83 $16.71 $34,750 2.0 %
19-4091 Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health 220 $19.10 $21.25 $44,200 5.9 %
19-4099 Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other 460 $15.67 $16.67 $34,680 3.4 %
 
Community and Social Services Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
21-0000 Community and Social Services Occupations 10,630 $16.56 $19.12 $39,760 4.3 %
21-1011 Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors 250 (8) (8) (8) (8)
21-1012 Educational, Vocational, and School Counselors 3,370 $14.42 $19.09 $39,710 10.2 %
21-1013 Marriage and Family Therapists 130 (8) (8) (8) (8)
21-1014 Mental Health Counselors 450 $20.49 $20.81 $43,290 4.6 %
21-1015 Rehabilitation Counselors 410 $12.19 $13.69 $28,480 4.7 %
21-1019 Counselors, All Other (8) $21.73 $21.36 $44,430 3.7 %
21-1021 Child, Family, and School Social Workers 1,130 $17.35 $18.08 $37,600 3.1 %
21-1022 Medical and Public Health Social Workers 680 $22.16 $23.05 $47,940 2.8 %
21-1023 Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers 540 $18.51 $18.87 $39,250 6.2 %
21-1029 Social Workers, All Other 310 $23.78 $23.93 $49,770 4.1 %
21-1091 Health Educators 570 $22.75 $24.32 $50,580 6.0 %
21-1092 Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists 760 $15.74 $16.40 $34,120 2.8 %
21-1093 Social and Human Service Assistants 1,290 $13.63 $13.87 $28,850 3.9 %
21-1099 Community and Social Service Specialists, All Other 400 $19.98 $22.43 $46,660 8.1 %
21-2011 Clergy 270 $20.71 $20.70 $43,050 3.3 %
21-2021 Directors, Religious Activities and Education 40 (8) (8) (8) (8)
 
Legal Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
23-0000 Legal Occupations 6,260 $28.84 $36.45 $75,810 4.3 %
23-1011 Lawyers 3,340 $43.04 $48.83 $101,560 4.9 %
23-1021 Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers 30 $55.48 $54.49 $113,340 3.8 %
23-1022 Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators 50 $24.90 $26.59 $55,320 9.5 %
23-1023 Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates 130 $53.42 $46.26 $96,220 3.0 %
23-2011 Paralegals and Legal Assistants 1,630 $19.37 $21.23 $44,150 3.3 %
23-2091 Court Reporters 160 $16.92 $17.51 $36,410 3.4 %
23-2092 Law Clerks 150 $20.04 $20.70 $43,060 9.3 %
23-2093 Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers 380 $14.78 $16.86 $35,070 4.8 %
23-2099 Legal Support Workers, All Other 390 $20.18 $23.56 $49,010 4.8 %
 
Education, Training, and Library Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
25-0000 Education, Training, and Library Occupations 41,170 $19.02 $23.19 $48,240 5.2 %
25-1011 Business Teachers, Postsecondary 290 (4) (4) $65,430 13.9 %
25-1021 Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary 190 (4) (4) $73,710 6.8 %
25-1022 Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary 150 (4) (4) $65,270 12.5 %
25-1042 Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary 80 (4) (4) $69,200 7.0 %
25-1052 Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary 70 (4) (4) $60,400 3.9 %
25-1054 Physics Teachers, Postsecondary 40 (4) (4) $60,950 3.2 %
25-1063 Economics Teachers, Postsecondary 50 (8) (8) (8) (8)
25-1065 Political Science Teachers, Postsecondary 60 (8) (8) (8) (8)
25-1066 Psychology Teachers, Postsecondary 130 (4) (4) $60,860 7.3 %
25-1067 Sociology Teachers, Postsecondary 60 (8) (8) (8) (8)
25-1072 Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary 290 (4) (4) $68,120 7.5 %
25-1081 Education Teachers, Postsecondary 160 (4) (4) $56,640 4.3 %
25-1111 Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers, Postsecondary 50 (4) (4) $43,300 13.1 %
25-1121 Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary 200 (4) (4) $57,610 8.1 %
25-1122 Communications Teachers, Postsecondary 130 (8) (8) (8) (8)
25-1123 English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary 340 (4) (4) $54,450 5.1 %
25-1124 Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary 90 (4) (4) $46,680 24.5 %
25-1125 History Teachers, Postsecondary 60 (4) (4) $65,610 5.3 %
25-1126 Philosophy and Religion Teachers, Postsecondary 140 (4) (4) $45,880 18.7 %
25-1191 Graduate Teaching Assistants (8) (4) (4) $23,090 11.1 %
25-1193 Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers, Postsecondary 40 (4) (4) $61,060 13.2 %
25-1194 Vocational Education Teachers, Postsecondary 410 $17.74 $18.51 $38,510 5.2 %
25-1199 Postsecondary Teachers, All Other 1,340 (4) (4) $65,460 3.9 %
25-2011 Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education 1,590 $11.01 $11.44 $23,800 3.8 %
25-2012 Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education 540 (4) (4) $48,970 2.4 %
25-2021 Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education 8,060 (4) (4) $47,620 3.8 %
25-2022 Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education 3,230 (4) (4) $52,210 3.0 %
25-2023 Vocational Education Teachers, Middle School 30 (4) (4) $57,280 3.1 %
25-2031 Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education 5,320 (4) (4) $50,320 5.0 %
25-2032 Vocational Education Teachers, Secondary School 330 (4) (4) $58,540 2.9 %
25-2041 Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School 1,070 (4) (4) $49,620 2.1 %
25-2042 Special Education Teachers, Middle School 560 (4) (4) $52,740 2.2 %
25-2043 Special Education Teachers, Secondary School 550 (4) (4) $53,000 1.6 %
25-3011 Adult Literacy, Remedial Education, and GED Teachers and Instructors 190 $16.99 $20.02 $41,640 9.7 %
25-3021 Self-Enrichment Education Teachers 710 $16.31 $17.65 $36,710 5.5 %
25-3099 Teachers and Instructors, All Other 4,980 (4) (4) $63,800 23.6 %
25-4012 Curators 50 $22.21 $25.05 $52,110 8.0 %
25-4013 Museum Technicians and Conservators 90 $16.56 $16.47 $34,250 4.9 %
25-4021 Librarians 870 $22.43 $23.95 $49,820 2.3 %
25-4031 Library Technicians 840 $11.03 $11.08 $23,050 1.7 %
25-9031 Instructional Coordinators 350 $24.60 $32.69 $68,000 10.8 %
25-9041 Teacher Assistants 5,830 (4) (4) $22,710 2.3 %
25-9099 Education, Training, and Library Workers, All Other 70 $20.00 $18.77 $39,050 10.0 %
 
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations 12,490 $18.35 $22.07 $45,910 2.5 %
27-1011 Art Directors 130 $25.49 $27.70 $57,620 5.7 %
27-1012 Craft Artists 70 $11.67 $12.54 $26,080 6.4 %
27-1013 Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators 40 $33.03 $30.20 $62,820 15.1 %
27-1014 Multi-Media Artists and Animators 140 $27.30 $25.33 $52,690 7.3 %
27-1021 Commercial and Industrial Designers 410 $23.49 $25.10 $52,210 7.3 %
27-1023 Floral Designers 550 $10.91 $10.91 $22,680 3.8 %
27-1024 Graphic Designers 1,440 $18.81 $20.83 $43,330 4.3 %
27-1025 Interior Designers 480 $19.25 $24.63 $51,220 9.5 %
27-1026 Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers 240 $14.09 $14.61 $30,380 4.2 %
27-1027 Set and Exhibit Designers 90 $21.95 $21.45 $44,610 3.4 %
27-1029 Designers, All Other 60 $20.09 $21.99 $45,740 12.8 %
27-2011 Actors 240 $10.71 $11.30 (4) 2.8 %
27-2012 Producers and Directors 430 $22.03 $24.75 $51,480 8.2 %
27-2021 Athletes and Sports Competitors (8) (4) (4) $107,690 17.0 %
27-2022 Coaches and Scouts 940 (4) (4) $43,300 12.0 %
27-2031 Dancers 210 $13.12 $13.66 (4) 3.3 %
27-2032 Choreographers (8) $16.89 $19.22 $39,980 8.5 %
27-2099 Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other 40 $18.14 $20.18 (4) 14.7 %
27-3011 Radio and Television Announcers 240 $12.56 $19.50 $40,570 10.9 %
27-3012 Public Address System and Other Announcers (8) $7.72 $10.72 $22,300 10.8 %
27-3021 Broadcast News Analysts 80 $28.51 $34.55 $71,860 24.0 %
27-3022 Reporters and Correspondents 400 $22.52 $21.89 $45,520 9.6 %
27-3031 Public Relations Specialists 1,910 $21.76 $25.99 $54,060 4.4 %
27-3041 Editors 620 $19.83 $22.88 $47,580 5.0 %
27-3042 Technical Writers 510 $26.04 $31.32 $65,150 13.2 %
27-3043 Writers and Authors 290 $19.20 $23.78 $49,460 5.9 %
27-3091 Interpreters and Translators 290 $16.43 $18.78 $39,070 10.3 %
27-4011 Audio and Video Equipment Technicians 290 $17.92 $16.78 $34,890 7.3 %
27-4012 Broadcast Technicians 190 $18.39 $21.96 $45,680 6.9 %
27-4014 Sound Engineering Technicians (8) $18.25 $23.07 $47,980 16.8 %
27-4021 Photographers 930 $13.99 $15.46 $32,150 5.6 %
27-4031 Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Motion Picture (8) $35.56 $32.51 $67,610 8.6 %
 
Healthcare Practitioner and Technical Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
29-0000 Healthcare Practitioner and Technical Occupations 55,050 $26.31 $31.45 $65,420 2.3 %
29-1011 Chiropractors 110 $47.63 $59.85 $124,490 23.6 %
29-1021 Dentists, General 620 $61.11 $68.70 $142,900 11.3 %
29-1023 Orthodontists 40 (8) (8) (8) (8)
29-1031 Dietitians and Nutritionists 390 $23.16 $23.67 $49,220 2.1 %
29-1041 Optometrists 180 $44.73 $60.39 $125,620 16.8 %
29-1051 Pharmacists 2,000 $47.70 $46.38 $96,460 1.3 %
29-1061 Anesthesiologists (8) (5) $101.48 $211,070 24.3 %
29-1062 Family and General Practitioners 740 $64.96 $63.30 $131,660 8.9 %
29-1063 Internists, General 560 (5) $86.56 $180,040 12.2 %
29-1064 Obstetricians and Gynecologists 120 (5) $82.46 $171,520 7.9 %
29-1065 Pediatricians, General 130 $65.80 $70.13 $145,870 8.2 %
29-1066 Psychiatrists 130 (5) $94.37 $196,280 9.1 %
29-1067 Surgeons 510 (5) (5) (5) 13.1 %
29-1069 Physicians and Surgeons, All Other 1,770 (5) $97.92 $203,660 8.6 %
29-1071 Physician Assistants 290 $37.70 $36.82 $76,580 2.8 %
29-1111 Registered Nurses 19,600 $29.39 $29.58 $61,530 0.9 %
29-1121 Audiologists 90 $30.31 $30.03 $62,460 2.9 %
29-1122 Occupational Therapists 950 $31.91 $33.50 $69,680 2.0 %
29-1123 Physical Therapists 1,540 $32.77 $32.81 $68,240 4.1 %
29-1124 Radiation Therapists 130 $35.25 $35.44 $73,720 1.3 %
29-1125 Recreational Therapists 80 $18.63 $19.71 $41,000 5.1 %
29-1126 Respiratory Therapists 980 $25.86 $25.29 $52,600 1.5 %
29-1127 Speech-Language Pathologists 670 $31.21 $32.29 $67,170 3.0 %
29-1129 Therapists, All Other 140 $16.15 $19.74 $41,050 18.5 %
29-1131 Veterinarians 320 $36.72 $39.72 $82,620 9.2 %
29-1199 Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other 450 $14.64 $19.77 $41,120 8.8 %
29-2011 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists 1,410 $23.53 $22.82 $47,460 2.4 %
29-2012 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians 1,460 $18.18 $19.29 $40,120 4.6 %
29-2021 Dental Hygienists 1,230 $35.30 $34.02 $70,750 2.0 %
29-2031 Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians 310 $25.00 $24.30 $50,540 10.9 %
29-2032 Diagnostic Medical Sonographers 350 $29.46 $29.55 $61,460 1.5 %
29-2033 Nuclear Medicine Technologists 180 $32.96 $33.19 $69,030 2.3 %
29-2034 Radiologic Technologists and Technicians 1,380 $25.42 $25.54 $53,130 1.1 %
29-2041 Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics 1,380 $14.62 $15.05 $31,290 4.8 %
29-2051 Dietetic Technicians 230 $10.80 $11.08 $23,060 2.1 %
29-2052 Pharmacy Technicians 2,410 $13.15 $13.68 $28,450 2.1 %
29-2053 Psychiatric Technicians 480 $13.93 $15.44 $32,100 9.0 %
29-2054 Respiratory Therapy Technicians 190 $25.23 $24.63 $51,230 2.1 %
29-2055 Surgical Technologists 750 $19.39 $19.67 $40,910 1.2 %
29-2056 Veterinary Technologists and Technicians 350 $14.69 $14.67 $30,510 6.5 %
29-2061 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 5,420 $19.02 $19.47 $40,500 1.0 %
29-2071 Medical Records and Health Information Technicians 1,030 $15.16 $16.72 $34,780 2.7 %
29-2081 Opticians, Dispensing 460 $13.32 $13.43 $27,930 4.4 %
29-2099 Health Technologists and Technicians, All Other 830 $15.00 $16.70 $34,730 3.9 %
29-9011 Occupational Health and Safety Specialists 360 $27.55 $28.50 $59,290 3.0 %
29-9012 Occupational Health and Safety Technicians 100 $18.70 $20.80 $43,260 17.4 %
29-9091 Athletic Trainers 220 (4) (4) $42,790 4.6 %
29-9099 Healthcare Practitioner and Technical Workers, All Other 1,780 $21.26 $20.73 $43,120 4.1 %
 
Healthcare Support Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 20,760 $12.46 $13.17 $27,400 1.2 %
31-1011 Home Health Aides 3,020 $9.96 $10.71 $22,280 2.6 %
31-1012 Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants 7,560 $11.94 $12.21 $25,400 1.2 %
31-1013 Psychiatric Aides 180 $11.41 $11.72 $24,390 3.3 %
31-2011 Occupational Therapist Assistants 220 $24.00 $22.24 $46,250 4.8 %
31-2021 Physical Therapist Assistants 350 $25.99 $25.41 $52,860 1.8 %
31-2022 Physical Therapist Aides 280 $9.50 $10.20 $21,210 5.0 %
31-9011 Massage Therapists 380 $16.12 $17.01 $35,390 11.7 %
31-9091 Dental Assistants 1,760 $17.36 $17.49 $36,380 2.7 %
31-9092 Medical Assistants 2,970 $13.94 $14.10 $29,330 1.3 %
31-9093 Medical Equipment Preparers 250 $14.43 $15.27 $31,770 4.2 %
31-9094 Medical Transcriptionists 630 $14.85 $15.19 $31,590 2.4 %
31-9095 Pharmacy Aides 750 $9.27 $9.42 $19,600 3.0 %
31-9096 Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers 520 $10.78 $11.04 $22,960 5.2 %
31-9099 Healthcare Support Workers, All Other 1,860 $12.79 $13.07 $27,190 2.1 %
 
Protective Service Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 19,680 $15.75 $17.76 $36,950 5.1 %
33-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Correctional Officers 390 $17.48 $18.15 $37,740 1.8 %
33-1012 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Police and Detectives 630 $29.87 $30.86 $64,190 2.2 %
33-1021 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Fire Fighting and Prevention Workers 250 $33.17 $31.85 $66,250 3.9 %
33-1099 First-Line Supervisors/Managers, Protective Service Workers, All Other 380 $17.23 $20.16 $41,920 4.8 %
33-2011 Fire Fighters 2,100 $22.98 $22.50 $46,800 2.7 %
33-2021 Fire Inspectors and Investigators 70 $24.56 $25.31 $52,650 5.4 %
33-3011 Bailiffs 190 $14.88 $15.44 $32,110 2.7 %
33-3012 Correctional Officers and Jailers 2,280 $14.71 $15.09 $31,380 1.3 %
33-3021 Detectives and Criminal Investigators 330 $26.19 $28.74 $59,770 6.3 %
33-3051 Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers 3,660 $26.56 $24.88 $51,760 3.9 %
33-9011 Animal Control Workers 50 $14.19 $14.20 $29,530 2.8 %
33-9021 Private Detectives and Investigators (8) $21.79 $21.82 $45,380 3.7 %
33-9032 Security Guards 7,900 $11.36 $12.58 $26,160 3.0 %
33-9091 Crossing Guards 110 $12.06 $13.78 $28,650 8.2 %
33-9092 Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers 420 $8.79 $9.00 $18,720 3.4 %
33-9099 Protective Service Workers, All Other 590 $11.73 $13.38 $27,840 5.4 %
 
Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
35-0000 Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations 79,230 $8.40 $9.38 $19,500 0.9 %
35-1011 Chefs and Head Cooks 320 $18.60 $19.96 $41,510 4.3 %
35-1012 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Food Preparation and Serving Workers 6,270 $14.96 $15.34 $31,900 1.7 %
35-2011 Cooks, Fast Food 5,010 $7.78 $8.16 $16,970 2.7 %
35-2012 Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria 2,330 $10.82 $10.83 $22,520 1.2 %
35-2014 Cooks, Restaurant 5,130 $10.95 $11.12 $23,120 1.9 %
35-2015 Cooks, Short Order 780 $8.83 $9.55 $19,860 4.2 %
35-2021 Food Preparation Workers 5,620 $9.30 $9.42 $19,580 1.2 %
35-3011 Bartenders 3,260 $8.90 $9.75 $20,290 3.3 %
35-3021 Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food 22,600 $7.47 $7.87 $16,380 1.2 %
35-3022 Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop 2,860 $7.91 $8.18 $17,020 3.2 %
35-3031 Waiters and Waitresses 15,820 $7.72 $9.11 $18,950 2.8 %
35-3041 Food Servers, Nonrestaurant 1,310 $9.38 $9.57 $19,910 1.6 %
35-9011 Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers 2,670 $7.74 $8.06 $16,760 1.6 %
35-9021 Dishwashers 2,540 $8.52 $8.80 $18,300 3.6 %
35-9031 Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop 2,610 $7.93 $8.47 $17,620 3.6 %
35-9099 Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other 40 $9.64 $9.45 $19,660 7.5 %
 
Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
37-0000 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations 29,170 $9.79 $11.00 $22,880 1.5 %
37-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers 1,450 $16.88 $17.93 $37,300 3.0 %
37-1012 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers 510 $20.89 $23.38 $48,620 3.7 %
37-2011 Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 16,750 $9.65 $10.41 $21,660 2.1 %
37-2012 Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 4,740 $8.78 $8.94 $18,600 1.5 %
37-2021 Pest Control Workers 200 $12.36 $12.82 $26,670 8.2 %
37-3011 Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers 5,200 $10.38 $11.23 $23,350 1.9 %
37-3012 Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation (8) $13.61 $14.84 $30,860 8.1 %
37-3013 Tree Trimmers and Pruners (8) $18.25 $18.12 $37,700 3.8 %
37-3019 Grounds Maintenance Workers, All Other 50 $16.71 $18.95 $39,410 11.3 %
 
Personal Care and Service Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
39-0000 Personal Care and Service Occupations 19,280 $10.15 $11.99 $24,950 3.7 %
39-1021 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Personal Service Workers 860 $14.89 $18.97 $39,450 8.4 %
39-2011 Animal Trainers 30 $9.43 $12.73 $26,480 20.0 %
39-2021 Nonfarm Animal Caretakers 1,100 $9.36 $10.98 $22,830 6.5 %
39-3021 Motion Picture Projectionists 50 $8.65 $8.91 $18,530 7.4 %
39-3031 Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers 410 $7.47 $7.88 $16,390 2.3 %
39-3091 Amusement and Recreation Attendants 1,180 $7.80 $8.32 $17,300 3.3 %
39-3093 Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants 40 $8.00 $9.62 $20,010 3.4 %
39-4021 Funeral Attendants 220 $10.43 $11.23 $23,350 9.3 %
39-5012 Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists 2,430 $11.68 $13.26 $27,580 4.4 %
39-5092 Manicurists and Pedicurists 120 $10.72 $10.53 $21,900 11.5 %
39-5094 Skin Care Specialists 50 $10.62 $13.91 $28,930 12.1 %
39-6011 Baggage Porters and Bellhops 460 $9.05 $10.93 $22,740 12.2 %
39-6021 Tour Guides and Escorts 70 $14.44 $14.04 $29,200 6.0 %
39-9011 Child Care Workers 3,890 $8.67 $9.16 $19,040 3.4 %
39-9021 Personal and Home Care Aides 2,910 $10.06 $10.32 $21,470 1.8 %
39-9031 Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors 780 $11.51 $16.70 $34,730 8.8 %
39-9032 Recreation Workers (8) $13.09 $12.81 $26,650 4.1 %
39-9041 Residential Advisors 230 $11.86 $12.52 $26,030 1.8 %
39-9099 Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other (8) $7.66 $8.75 $18,200 7.4 %
 
Sales and Related Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
41-0000 Sales and Related Occupations 98,550 $12.27 $18.50 $38,480 2.3 %
41-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers 7,740 $17.30 $19.72 $41,010 2.2 %
41-1012 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers 2,960 $33.90 $39.05 $81,210 3.1 %
41-2011 Cashiers 20,020 $8.33 $8.54 $17,770 0.9 %
41-2021 Counter and Rental Clerks 4,450 $11.56 $12.78 $26,580 2.6 %
41-2022 Parts Salespersons 1,560 $14.01 $15.05 $31,300 3.5 %
41-2031 Retail Salespersons 29,680 $9.43 $11.15 $23,190 2.0 %
41-3011 Advertising Sales Agents 1,070 $19.84 $23.83 $49,570 5.8 %
41-3021 Insurance Sales Agents 2,930 $23.60 $31.51 $65,530 9.3 %
41-3031 Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents (8) $42.48 $47.42 $98,620 12.5 %
41-3041 Travel Agents 510 $12.09 $13.84 $28,780 7.4 %
41-3099 Sales Representatives, Services, All Other 4,520 $25.30 $30.28 $62,990 3.8 %
41-4011 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products 3,650 $33.61 $37.00 $76,970 4.4 %
41-4012 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products 12,320 $24.69 $29.94 $62,270 3.4 %
41-9011 Demonstrators and Product Promoters 290 $11.73 $13.47 $28,010 5.9 %
41-9021 Real Estate Brokers 300 $29.58 $33.61 $69,910 17.2 %
41-9022 Real Estate Sales Agents 660 $19.59 $28.51 $59,300 23.6 %
41-9031 Sales Engineers (8) $34.70 $33.65 $69,980 5.2 %
41-9041 Telemarketers 2,130 $11.57 $14.46 $30,070 8.3 %
41-9091 Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers 430 $9.31 $10.58 $22,010 7.7 %
41-9099 Sales and Related Workers, All Other 400 $12.51 $16.70 $34,730 9.5 %
 
Office and Administrative Support Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
43-0000 Office and Administrative Support Occupations 152,050 $14.51 $15.58 $32,410 1.0 %
43-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers 8,920 $21.44 $23.50 $48,880 1.3 %
43-2011 Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service 1,180 $12.60 $12.62 $26,250 1.4 %
43-2021 Telephone Operators 310 $27.18 $22.08 $45,920 10.7 %
43-3011 Bill and Account Collectors 2,670 $14.16 $14.76 $30,710 2.2 %
43-3021 Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators 3,480 $15.05 $15.78 $32,830 1.4 %
43-3031 Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks 13,000 $16.11 $16.74 $34,810 1.2 %
43-3051 Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 1,420 $17.04 $17.27 $35,920 1.1 %
43-3061 Procurement Clerks 510 $15.95 $16.37 $34,050 1.7 %
43-3071 Tellers 2,740 $11.22 $11.43 $23,760 1.7 %
43-4011 Brokerage Clerks 360 $18.28 $20.30 $42,230 6.1 %
43-4021 Correspondence Clerks 230 $14.62 $14.94 $31,080 2.5 %
43-4031 Court, Municipal, and License Clerks 310 $12.31 $12.93 $26,890 4.2 %
43-4041 Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks 430 $13.78 $14.88 $30,940 4.1 %
43-4051 Customer Service Representatives 15,660 $14.69 $15.76 $32,790 1.6 %
43-4061 Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs 790 $16.52 $17.08 $35,520 2.1 %
43-4071 File Clerks 1,080 $11.79 $12.28 $25,540 1.4 %
43-4081 Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks 1,590 $8.60 $8.65 $17,980 3.4 %
43-4111 Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan 1,370 $13.75 $14.22 $29,580 2.9 %
43-4121 Library Assistants, Clerical 990 $9.59 $9.87 $20,520 3.7 %
43-4131 Loan Interviewers and Clerks 1,620 $13.47 $14.69 $30,550 2.9 %
43-4141 New Accounts Clerks 540 $16.04 $15.95 $33,170 3.8 %
43-4151 Order Clerks 1,450 $14.26 $14.48 $30,110 2.6 %
43-4161 Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping 940 $16.97 $17.32 $36,020 1.3 %
43-4171 Receptionists and Information Clerks 6,690 $12.21 $12.25 $25,480 1.4 %
43-4181 Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks 1,570 $16.35 $15.46 $32,150 3.3 %
43-4199 Information and Record Clerks, All Other 1,120 $15.76 $16.27 $33,840 2.5 %
43-5011 Cargo and Freight Agents 1,480 $21.27 $20.97 $43,620 3.8 %
43-5021 Couriers and Messengers 550 $10.79 $11.21 $23,310 5.2 %
43-5031 Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers 490 $15.20 $15.68 $32,620 2.1 %
43-5032 Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance 1,930 $17.94 $18.00 $37,440 3.2 %
43-5041 Meter Readers, Utilities 240 $16.31 $16.12 $33,530 3.5 %
43-5051 Postal Service Clerks 460 $27.32 $26.85 $55,850 3.2 %
43-5052 Postal Service Mail Carriers 2,040 $24.27 $23.68 $49,260 2.2 %
43-5053 Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators 1,360 $24.16 $23.22 $48,290 3.2 %
43-5061 Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks 1,860 $19.36 $19.93 $41,450 3.1 %
43-5071 Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks 5,660 $13.34 $13.80 $28,710 1.5 %
43-5081 Stock Clerks and Order Fillers 11,600 $10.54 $11.73 $24,400 2.3 %
43-5111 Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping 370 $14.59 $14.73 $30,630 4.0 %
43-6011 Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 10,910 $17.69 $18.48 $38,440 1.1 %
43-6012 Legal Secretaries 1,670 $20.29 $19.99 $41,570 3.7 %
43-6013 Medical Secretaries 2,260 $14.35 $14.64 $30,450 1.4 %
43-6014 Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive 13,170 $14.12 $14.53 $30,230 0.9 %
43-9011 Computer Operators 870 $16.61 $17.19 $35,750 3.4 %
43-9021 Data Entry Keyers 1,710 $12.44 $12.38 $25,740 2.0 %
43-9022 Word Processors and Typists 310 $13.60 $13.89 $28,880 3.9 %
43-9031 Desktop Publishers 190 $16.53 $18.09 $37,630 3.3 %
43-9041 Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks 3,110 $15.85 $16.45 $34,210 2.2 %
43-9051 Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service 1,170 $12.47 $12.83 $26,690 1.8 %
43-9061 Office Clerks, General 15,560 $12.07 $12.51 $26,020 1.1 %
43-9071 Office Machine Operators, Except Computer 780 $13.50 $14.05 $29,230 4.0 %
43-9081 Proofreaders and Copy Markers 110 $11.98 $13.28 $27,630 6.6 %
43-9199 Office and Administrative Support Workers, All Other 1,090 $16.35 $16.77 $34,870 1.6 %
 
Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
45-0000 Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations 550 $10.96 $12.72 $26,450 8.6 %
45-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers 40 $15.66 $18.51 $38,500 16.2 %
45-2091 Agricultural Equipment Operators (8) $10.65 $11.76 $24,470 15.2 %
45-2092 Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse 290 $10.42 $12.02 $25,010 19.2 %
45-2093 Farmworkers, Farm and Ranch Animals (8) $10.21 $10.26 $21,330 4.5 %
 
Construction and Extraction Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
47-0000 Construction and Extraction Occupations 44,690 $20.45 $21.21 $44,120 1.2 %
47-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 4,070 $28.67 $28.95 $60,210 1.6 %
47-2011 Boilermakers (8) $23.14 $24.33 $50,610 6.7 %
47-2021 Brickmasons and Blockmasons 860 $26.48 $25.04 $52,080 3.8 %
47-2022 Stonemasons (8) $23.95 $23.47 $48,820 5.3 %
47-2031 Carpenters 6,290 $19.24 $20.00 $41,600 2.8 %
47-2041 Carpet Installers 350 $17.92 $18.17 $37,800 9.4 %
47-2042 Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles (8) $15.37 $15.40 $32,020 4.5 %
47-2043 Floor Sanders and Finishers 160 $11.51 $11.97 $24,890 8.8 %
47-2044 Tile and Marble Setters (8) $22.06 $18.60 $38,690 22.5 %
47-2051 Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers 1,410 $19.22 $18.65 $38,790 6.5 %
47-2061 Construction Laborers 5,920 $17.74 $17.23 $35,830 2.6 %
47-2071 Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators (8) $20.78 $21.62 $44,970 11.1 %
47-2073 Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators (8) $24.68 $23.27 $48,410 2.8 %
47-2081 Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers 360 $17.34 $18.13 $37,720 10.0 %
47-2082 Tapers (8) $12.61 $16.03 $33,340 18.9 %
47-2111 Electricians 5,370 $26.12 $25.27 $52,560 2.1 %
47-2121 Glaziers 420 $18.83 $18.96 $39,450 5.9 %
47-2131 Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall (8) $17.13 $17.71 $36,830 2.2 %
47-2132 Insulation Workers, Mechanical (8) $30.07 $30.70 $63,860 15.9 %
47-2141 Painters, Construction and Maintenance 1,890 $15.55 $17.79 $37,010 4.3 %
47-2142 Paperhangers 60 $22.66 $21.41 $44,530 8.1 %
47-2151 Pipelayers 280 $19.10 $19.81 $41,210 3.2 %
47-2152 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 3,830 $23.66 $23.29 $48,450 2.7 %
47-2161 Plasterers and Stucco Masons 190 $19.16 $19.99 $41,580 7.5 %
47-2171 Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers 210 $16.45 $18.90 $39,300 12.4 %
47-2181 Roofers 610 $17.76 $18.14 $37,730 5.0 %
47-2211 Sheet Metal Workers (8) $19.40 $20.51 $42,670 4.9 %
47-2221 Structural Iron and Steel Workers 550 $26.31 $24.18 $50,280 5.6 %
47-3011 Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters 610 $14.62 $14.84 $30,860 3.7 %
47-3012 Helpers--Carpenters 400 $13.26 $13.49 $28,050 5.0 %
47-3013 Helpers--Electricians 750 $13.29 $13.62 $28,330 4.8 %
47-3014 Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons (8) $10.57 $10.49 $21,810 2.8 %
47-3015 Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 290 $12.59 $12.81 $26,640 4.2 %
47-3016 Helpers--Roofers 170 $11.56 $11.82 $24,590 5.4 %
47-3019 Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other 170 $13.67 $14.91 $31,020 8.3 %
47-4011 Construction and Building Inspectors 420 $21.76 $21.81 $45,370 2.4 %
47-4021 Elevator Installers and Repairers 310 $35.60 $34.43 $71,600 3.0 %
47-4031 Fence Erectors 110 $12.76 $14.41 $29,970 14.5 %
47-4041 Hazardous Materials Removal Workers 630 $14.69 $14.46 $30,070 10.5 %
47-4051 Highway Maintenance Workers 680 $14.48 $14.66 $30,490 1.4 %
47-4071 Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners 90 $17.22 $16.68 $34,690 7.3 %
47-4099 Construction and Related Workers, All Other 160 $14.91 $16.09 $33,470 7.3 %
47-5021 Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas (8) $20.18 $19.67 $40,920 12.8 %
 
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
49-0000 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations 36,930 $19.01 $20.26 $42,150 1.2 %
49-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers 3,360 $26.27 $27.47 $57,140 1.7 %
49-2011 Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers 1,250 $16.62 $17.42 $36,240 6.1 %
49-2022 Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers 1,820 $24.21 $24.13 $50,190 2.0 %
49-2091 Avionics Technicians 110 $28.13 $27.44 $57,070 3.7 %
49-2092 Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers (8) $13.30 $15.42 $32,080 12.1 %
49-2093 Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment 70 $13.54 $15.48 $32,190 10.9 %
49-2094 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment 360 $24.15 $24.81 $51,610 6.1 %
49-2095 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay (8) $31.94 $31.29 $65,080 3.4 %
49-2096 Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles 50 $14.51 $16.99 $35,330 6.2 %
49-2097 Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers and Repairers 490 $18.04 $17.70 $36,820 5.8 %
49-2098 Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers 750 $18.87 $20.49 $42,620 16.0 %
49-3011 Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians 1,000 $29.34 $29.80 $61,980 9.5 %
49-3021 Automotive Body and Related Repairers 730 $21.04 $21.67 $45,070 4.1 %
49-3022 Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers (8) $14.94 $15.28 $31,790 6.9 %
49-3023 Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 4,130 $17.91 $18.90 $39,310 2.7 %
49-3031 Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists 2,780 $18.26 $18.74 $38,970 1.2 %
49-3041 Farm Equipment Mechanics (8) $16.78 $17.04 $35,440 6.2 %
49-3042 Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines 1,040 $20.29 $20.89 $43,440 2.2 %
49-3043 Rail Car Repairers 40 $10.87 $14.78 $30,740 2.6 %
49-3051 Motorboat Mechanics (8) $15.62 $17.12 $35,610 6.5 %
49-3053 Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics 280 $15.09 $15.83 $32,930 6.9 %
49-3092 Recreational Vehicle Service Technicians (8) $14.10 $14.06 $29,250 4.7 %
49-3093 Tire Repairers and Changers 820 $10.13 $11.03 $22,950 4.2 %
49-9011 Mechanical Door Repairers 260 $18.12 $18.11 $37,670 4.0 %
49-9012 Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door 270 $26.77 $24.51 $50,970 5.6 %
49-9021 Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers 1,480 $20.55 $21.76 $45,260 3.0 %
49-9031 Home Appliance Repairers 300 $18.60 $18.17 $37,790 7.0 %
49-9041 Industrial Machinery Mechanics 1,840 $20.95 $21.75 $45,250 3.5 %
49-9042 Maintenance and Repair Workers, General 8,270 $16.53 $17.51 $36,420 1.8 %
49-9043 Maintenance Workers, Machinery 340 $18.45 $19.85 $41,290 3.6 %
49-9044 Millwrights 650 $24.71 $25.83 $53,720 6.3 %
49-9051 Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers 700 $29.23 $28.60 $59,490 3.3 %
49-9052 Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers 650 $17.22 $18.37 $38,210 5.2 %
49-9062 Medical Equipment Repairers 420 $17.77 $19.12 $39,760 4.3 %
49-9063 Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners (8) $17.71 $18.51 $38,490 15.5 %
49-9069 Precision Instrument and Equipment Repairers, All Other 70 $19.43 $18.66 $38,820 12.3 %
49-9091 Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers 320 $12.22 $13.70 $28,490 5.8 %
49-9094 Locksmiths and Safe Repairers (8) $19.83 $18.26 $37,970 16.0 %
49-9098 Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers 590 $12.44 $12.85 $26,730 2.6 %
49-9099 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other 850 $15.86 $17.30 $35,970 5.0 %
 
Production Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
51-0000 Production Occupations 62,980 $14.92 $16.39 $34,080 1.8 %
51-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers 4,740 $24.24 $25.87 $53,810 2.0 %
51-2011 Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers (8) $14.10 $14.64 $30,450 5.2 %
51-2022 Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers 1,340 $12.34 $12.93 $26,880 3.1 %
51-2023 Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers 90 $12.97 $13.75 $28,600 3.4 %
51-2031 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers 130 $12.46 $15.29 $31,800 5.3 %
51-2041 Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters 860 $17.88 $18.07 $37,590 3.7 %
51-2091 Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators 60 $15.37 $15.19 $31,600 3.7 %
51-2092 Team Assemblers 7,750 $12.86 $13.06 $27,170 1.2 %
51-2099 Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other 3,010 $16.25 $17.32 $36,020 7.5 %
51-3011 Bakers 670 $11.07 $11.46 $23,840 1.8 %
51-3021 Butchers and Meat Cutters 550 $13.95 $13.92 $28,950 1.6 %
51-3092 Food Batchmakers 480 $12.55 $13.28 $27,620 5.3 %
51-3093 Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders 60 $10.94 $11.85 $24,640 4.5 %
51-4011 Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic 870 $15.76 $16.39 $34,090 1.8 %
51-4012 Numerical Tool and Process Control Programmers 140 $16.14 $17.65 $36,710 11.9 %
51-4021 Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 300 $13.90 $14.01 $29,130 2.6 %
51-4022 Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 90 $14.62 $15.25 $31,730 3.2 %
51-4023 Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 250 $16.11 $15.71 $32,670 4.3 %
51-4031 Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 3,230 $14.16 $15.49 $32,230 6.4 %
51-4032 Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 370 $19.58 $20.01 $41,610 6.0 %
51-4033 Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 1,350 $15.09 $16.61 $34,550 4.6 %
51-4034 Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 500 $19.08 $20.45 $42,540 5.8 %
51-4035 Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 80 $19.05 $21.17 $44,030 7.0 %
51-4041 Machinists 3,180 $17.96 $19.00 $39,520 5.2 %
51-4051 Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders 110 $23.43 $22.09 $45,950 11.5 %
51-4061 Model Makers, Metal and Plastic (8) $14.94 $16.69 $34,710 4.5 %
51-4072 Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 1,540 $14.21 $14.55 $30,260 2.8 %
51-4081 Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 1,260 $18.04 $18.22 $37,900 6.9 %
51-4111 Tool and Die Makers 860 $24.57 $26.06 $54,200 6.3 %
51-4121 Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers 1,580 $16.32 $17.04 $35,430 2.4 %
51-4122 Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 890 $16.49 $16.38 $34,080 2.7 %
51-4191 Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 430 $17.87 $18.97 $39,450 5.6 %
51-4192 Lay-Out Workers, Metal and Plastic 40 $18.65 $18.89 $39,290 4.0 %
51-4193 Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 170 $12.40 $13.46 $28,000 4.1 %
51-4194 Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners (8) $15.02 $15.33 $31,890 4.6 %
51-4199 Metal Workers and Plastic Workers, All Other 180 $14.97 $17.52 $36,440 19.0 %
51-5011 Bindery Workers 340 $12.19 $13.00 $27,050 3.6 %
51-5012 Bookbinders 50 $10.86 $11.30 $23,510 8.3 %
51-5021 Job Printers (8) $14.22 $14.06 $29,240 7.6 %
51-5022 Prepress Technicians and Workers 500 $16.99 $17.28 $35,930 2.3 %
51-5023 Printing Machine Operators 1,430 $15.60 $15.98 $33,240 3.7 %
51-6011 Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers 1,240 $9.32 $9.67 $20,120 2.4 %
51-6021 Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials 240 $9.00 $9.20 $19,140 3.6 %
51-6031 Sewing Machine Operators 520 $11.13 $11.12 $23,130 2.5 %
51-6041 Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers (8) $12.61 $12.62 $26,240 4.8 %
51-6052 Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers (8) $12.13 $13.77 $28,640 13.3 %
51-6062 Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 80 $10.08 $10.05 $20,910 3.2 %
51-6093 Upholsterers 70 $14.75 $14.75 $30,690 3.3 %
51-6099 Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other 130 $8.90 $9.27 $19,280 6.3 %
51-7011 Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters 590 $13.36 $13.49 $28,060 4.3 %
51-7021 Furniture Finishers 50 $12.57 $12.70 $26,410 6.4 %
51-7041 Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood 180 $11.05 $11.85 $24,660 9.2 %
51-7042 Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing 200 $13.20 $14.37 $29,890 5.0 %
51-8012 Power Distributors and Dispatchers 130 $34.77 $32.63 $67,860 5.1 %
51-8013 Power Plant Operators 80 $28.75 $29.91 $62,210 2.9 %
51-8021 Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators 210 $24.81 $24.27 $50,480 4.4 %
51-8031 Water and Liquid Waste Treatment Plant and System Operators 530 $18.81 $19.20 $39,940 2.1 %
51-8091 Chemical Plant and System Operators (8) $23.47 $23.72 $49,340 6.1 %
51-8099 Plant and System Operators, All Other 60 $18.46 $19.65 $40,860 9.7 %
51-9011 Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders (8) $19.89 $18.99 $39,500 2.8 %
51-9012 Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 120 $15.41 $14.56 $30,270 10.8 %
51-9021 Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 360 $16.90 $16.59 $34,500 3.7 %
51-9022 Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand 480 $10.32 $11.34 $23,590 14.1 %
51-9023 Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 950 $15.95 $16.41 $34,140 4.4 %
51-9031 Cutters and Trimmers, Hand 30 $11.99 $12.77 $26,560 5.0 %
51-9032 Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 630 $13.97 $14.26 $29,660 4.7 %
51-9041 Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 680 $15.07 $15.00 $31,200 4.3 %
51-9051 Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders 180 $12.15 $13.45 $27,970 5.7 %
51-9061 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers 4,300 $15.58 $16.58 $34,490 3.7 %
51-9071 Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers (8) $22.69 $20.69 $43,040 11.9 %
51-9081 Dental Laboratory Technicians 430 $17.34 $17.72 $36,850 4.6 %
51-9082 Medical Appliance Technicians 80 $16.07 $16.63 $34,580 2.8 %
51-9111 Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders 1,690 $14.09 $14.39 $29,920 3.5 %
51-9121 Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 550 $13.62 $13.85 $28,810 3.3 %
51-9122 Painters, Transportation Equipment 230 $20.01 $22.65 $47,120 9.3 %
51-9123 Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers 140 $10.44 $10.57 $21,980 2.2 %
51-9132 Photographic Processing Machine Operators 290 $10.80 $11.30 $23,490 5.7 %
51-9191 Cementing and Gluing Machine Operators and Tenders 200 $11.36 $12.63 $26,270 5.5 %
51-9192 Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders 160 $15.68 $14.15 $29,440 9.3 %
51-9194 Etchers and Engravers (8) $8.21 $10.14 $21,100 15.0 %
51-9195 Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic 110 $12.32 $14.58 $30,320 14.9 %
51-9196 Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 580 $15.79 $15.25 $31,710 4.6 %
51-9197 Tire Builders 90 $13.43 $12.96 $26,970 10.1 %
51-9198 Helpers--Production Workers 3,330 $11.39 $11.88 $24,700 3.2 %
51-9199 Production Workers, All Other 860 $20.43 $21.34 $44,380 7.5 %
 
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations
Wage Estimates
Occupation Code Occupation Title (click on the occupation title to view an occupational profile) Employment (1) Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
53-0000 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations 84,270 $13.06 $15.18 $31,580 2.6 %
53-1021 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand 1,890 $20.73 $21.62 $44,970 1.6 %
53-1031 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators 1,700 $24.25 $25.07 $52,150 1.5 %
53-2012 Commercial Pilots 180 (4) (4) $59,320 14.9 %
53-2022 Airfield Operations Specialists 70 (8) (8) (8) (8)
53-3011 Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians 50 $10.73 $12.25 $25,470 3.1 %
53-3021 Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity 820 $16.55 $15.52 $32,270 4.8 %
53-3022 Bus Drivers, School 3,600 $18.85 $17.60 $36,610 3.2 %
53-3031 Driver/Sales Workers 2,510 $10.45 $11.72 $24,380 4.8 %
53-3032 Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer 17,240 $17.92 $17.99 $37,420 3.4 %
53-3033 Truck Drivers, Light or Delivery Services 6,140 $12.36 $14.18 $29,490 4.1 %
53-3041 Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs 1,020 $10.35 $11.31 $23,520 7.2 %
53-3099 Motor Vehicle Operators, All Other 700 $9.22 $12.45 $25,900 8.9 %
53-6021 Parking Lot Attendants 560 $7.88 $8.41 $17,480 3.6 %
53-6031 Service Station Attendants 550 $8.16 $8.98 $18,670 5.4 %
53-6051 Transportation Inspectors 160 $31.74 $30.20 $62,820 11.0 %
53-6099 Transportation Workers, All Other 340 $17.31 $16.92 $35,200 6.6 %
53-7021 Crane and Tower Operators 220 $27.20 $25.26 $52,540 4.5 %
53-7032 Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators 200 $16.91 $16.31 $33,920 7.1 %
53-7051 Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators 6,190 $14.01 $14.53 $30,210 1.7 %
53-7061 Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment 1,790 $9.02 $10.79 $22,450 3.9 %
53-7062 Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand 27,690 $11.08 $11.86 $24,660 1.3 %
53-7063 Machine Feeders and Offbearers 1,630 $13.47 $13.35 $27,760 5.5 %
53-7064 Packers and Packagers, Hand 5,740 $9.62 $10.51 $21,850 2.3 %
53-7081 Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors 410 $13.18 $12.40 $25,800 7.9 %
53-7199 Material Moving Workers, All Other 240 $11.68 $13.59 $28,270 4.3 %

About May 2008 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.

(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.

(4) Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries depending on how they are typically paid.

(5) This wage is equal to or greater than $80.00 per hour or $166,400 per year.

(8) Estimates not released.




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State estimates for Indiana


Indiana's metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates:

May 2008 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

May 2008 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

May 2008 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

May 2008 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order

List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order

Download May 2008 Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates in Zipped Excel files

Technical notes

 

Last Modified Date: May 01, 2009