STATUS: Common.
HABITAT: Generally inhabits dry, open woodlands of oaks, pines, and hickories in the Southeast; but only rich bottomland forests at the northern edge of its range. Inhabits low-elevation willows and cottonwoods, and streamside vegetation in canyons in the Southwest.
NEST: Builds a flimsy, flat, shallow cup nest on a horizontal limb (often oak) 10 to 35 feet above the ground.
FOOD: Eats many bees and wasps, and the larvae from wasp nests. Catches insects in the air and also eats some small fruits. (Food habits have not been thoroughly studied.)
REFERENCES: Bent 1958, Fitch and Fitch 1955, Forbush and May 1955, Johnsgard 1979, Potter 1973, Terres 1980.