Table 1. Hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, all workers (2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 All industries Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Mean Median Middle range Mean Median Middle range Mean Median Middle range All workers........................ $14.53 $12.09 $8.25 - $17.69 $13.71 $11.74 $7.93 - $16.86 $19.30 $16.06 $10.88 - $24.57 All workers excluding sales...... 14.82 12.29 8.50 - 18.08 13.96 11.81 8.12 - 17.06 19.30 16.06 10.88 - 24.57 White-collar occupations......... 17.26 13.90 9.90 - 21.19 16.16 13.20 9.65 - 19.03 22.71 20.14 12.19 - 31.35 Professional specialty and technical occupations....... 21.72 18.73 13.75 - 27.13 19.19 16.59 13.46 - 22.84 28.64 26.88 19.78 - 36.32 Professional specialty occupations............... 24.39 22.24 15.81 - 30.14 21.73 19.91 15.02 - 26.95 29.36 28.04 21.18 - 37.01 Engineering occupations... 25.16 25.10 20.43 - 29.77 25.19 25.17 20.24 - 30.13 - - - - Mechanical engineers... 25.48 - - - 25.48 - - - - - - - Engineers, N.E.C....... 27.99 28.56 23.78 - 31.27 28.00 28.51 23.39 - 31.27 - - - - Computer systems analysts and scientists.......... 21.39 22.11 16.22 - 26.24 21.39 22.11 16.22 - 26.24 - - - - Physicians............. 37.90 - - - 37.45 - - - - - - - Registered nurses...... 17.67 17.34 15.04 - 19.62 17.69 17.34 14.92 - 19.62 17.52 - - - Teachers................... 30.13 29.19 22.71 - 37.94 22.72 25.94 13.21 - 28.13 31.99 31.35 23.97 - 39.65 Teachers, college and university............ 32.16 31.54 28.11 - 35.78 - - - - - - - - Teachers, post secondary N.E.C..... - - - - - - - - 33.83 - - - Teachers, except college and university........ 29.86 28.48 21.93 - 38.27 17.75 16.96 11.83 - 25.94 31.90 31.29 23.67 - 39.60 Elementary school teachers............ 29.45 29.13 21.18 - 37.03 - - - - 31.84 31.83 24.13 - 38.49 Secondary school teachers............ 36.07 33.32 26.73 - 43.90 - - - - 37.76 37.65 28.56 - 47.17 Teachers, special education........... 29.66 27.30 23.47 - 33.76 - - - - 30.06 28.11 23.67 - 33.94 Teachers, N.E.C........ 29.90 - - - - - - - 31.61 - - - Vocational and educational counselors.......... 22.46 - - - - - - - 23.71 - - - Librarians............. 18.04 - - - - - - - - - - - Social workers......... 16.04 15.47 13.06 - 17.40 14.64 - - - 17.87 16.63 15.81 - 20.80 Editors and reporters.. 17.29 - - - 17.29 - - - - - - - Technical occupations........ 14.34 13.46 12.09 - 16.15 14.39 13.46 12.30 - 16.23 13.38 - - - Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians......... 13.63 - - - 13.63 - - - - - - - Licensed practical nurses.............. 13.95 12.40 11.15 - 15.25 14.40 - - - 12.58 - - - Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C............... 14.25 - - - - - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic technicians......... 15.35 - - - 15.36 - - - - - - - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.. 16.31 - - - 16.54 - - - - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations...... $24.38 $19.71 $14.42 - $30.63 $24.51 $19.71 $14.42 - $31.25 $23.31 $19.59 $16.94 - $27.95 Financial managers..... 34.91 - - - 34.91 - - - - - - - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations.... 42.01 32.68 25.00 - 50.14 42.01 32.68 25.00 - 50.14 - - - - Administrators, education and related fields...... 26.44 - - - - - - - 30.43 - - - Managers, medicine and health.............. 20.95 - - - 18.91 - - - - - - - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C............... 22.30 - - - 23.00 - - - - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C............... 34.77 32.00 26.49 - 39.76 34.90 32.21 26.49 - 39.76 - - - - Accountants and auditors............ 16.45 14.42 12.82 - 17.95 16.48 14.42 12.82 - 19.23 - - - - Other financial officers............ 18.25 - - - 18.38 - - - - - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists......... 15.10 15.18 13.23 - 17.35 14.58 - - - - - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C....... 16.75 - - - 16.68 - - - - - - - Management related occupations, N.E.C.. 20.84 17.29 12.69 - 26.00 19.98 15.41 12.69 - 25.94 27.33 - - - Sales occupations.............. 11.35 9.14 5.75 - 14.42 11.35 9.14 5.75 - 14.42 - - - - Supervisors, sales occupations......... 16.58 - - - 16.58 - - - - - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale........... 23.53 - - - 23.53 - - - - - - - Sales workers, other commodities......... 8.49 7.00 5.75 - 9.20 8.49 7.00 5.75 - 9.20 - - - - Cashiers............... 6.23 5.25 5.00 - 6.55 6.23 5.25 5.00 - 6.55 - - - - Sales support occupations, N.E.C.. 11.15 - - - 11.15 - - - - - - - Administrative support including clerical occupations................. 10.48 9.95 8.00 - 12.02 10.27 9.90 8.00 - 12.02 11.51 10.31 8.15 - 12.89 Secretaries............ 11.34 12.02 9.39 - 12.02 11.09 11.81 9.27 - 12.02 14.85 - - - Typists................ 9.97 10.00 8.54 - 11.30 - - - - 9.67 9.56 8.54 - 11.25 Receptionists.......... 7.87 7.75 6.75 - 8.66 7.54 - - - - - - - Order clerks........... 12.09 - - - 12.09 - - - - - - - Library clerks......... 8.62 - - - - - - - - - - - Records clerks, N.E.C.. 9.95 - - - 9.95 - - - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks. $10.77 $11.30 $8.75 - $12.15 $10.18 $10.25 $8.67 - $11.80 $12.88 - - - Billing clerks......... 9.20 - - - 9.20 - - - - - - - Dispatchers............ 10.88 - - - - - - - - - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks.... 8.05 - - - 8.05 - - - - - - - Stock and inventory clerks.............. 10.45 - - - 10.26 - - - - - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators....... 12.62 - - - 12.62 - - - - - - - Investigators and adjusters except insurance........... 12.16 - - - 12.16 - - - - - - - General office clerks.. 9.61 9.65 7.75 - 10.50 9.61 9.70 7.79 - 10.50 9.59 - - - Data entry keyers...... 9.55 - - - 8.31 - - - - - - - Teachers' aides........ 7.76 7.57 6.19 - 9.24 - - - - 7.76 $7.57 $6.19 - $9.24 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C.. 10.91 11.81 8.55 - 11.81 11.10 11.81 8.75 - 11.81 7.84 - - - White-collar occupations excluding sales............. 18.27 14.42 10.67 - 22.52 17.18 13.72 10.50 - 20.43 22.71 20.14 12.19 - 31.35 Blue-collar occupations.......... 12.12 11.14 7.93 - 15.97 12.08 11.14 7.67 - 16.11 12.97 13.27 11.02 - 14.81 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations...... 14.87 14.10 10.89 - 18.44 14.91 14.10 10.65 - 18.54 14.46 14.73 13.65 - 15.83 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics........... 13.76 - - - - - - - - - - - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.... 14.80 - - - 14.51 - - - 15.26 - - - Supervisors, production occupations......... 15.57 17.09 10.28 - 18.81 15.57 17.09 10.28 - 18.81 - - - - Tool and die makers.... 19.21 - - - 19.21 - - - - - - - Machinists............. 18.62 - - - 19.05 - - - - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.............. 11.53 10.40 7.25 - 14.79 11.53 10.40 7.25 - 14.79 - - - - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C.... 12.17 - - - 12.17 - - - - - - - Molding and casting machine operators... 14.01 - - - 14.01 - - - - - - - Printing press operators........... 12.87 - - - 12.87 - - - - - - - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C.... 12.46 12.72 8.86 - 17.88 12.46 12.72 8.86 - 17.88 - - - - Assemblers............. 7.69 7.00 6.00 - 8.78 7.69 7.00 6.00 - 8.78 - - - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners........... 14.47 - - - 14.47 - - - - - - - Transportation and material moving occupations.......... 11.03 10.00 8.00 - 12.98 10.66 9.40 8.00 - 12.59 12.60 12.77 10.35 - 13.88 Truck drivers.......... 9.24 9.00 8.00 - 10.00 8.84 9.00 8.00 - 9.50 11.86 - - - Bus drivers............ $11.83 $11.43 $7.25 - $16.27 $11.08 - - - $13.29 - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers....... 9.36 8.77 6.50 - 11.14 9.28 $8.49 $6.50 - $11.14 10.64 - - - Production helpers..... 10.27 - - - 10.27 - - - - - - - Stock handlers and baggers............. 6.94 6.25 5.40 - 7.00 6.74 6.00 5.40 - 7.00 - - - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C............... 13.08 - - - 13.08 - - - - - - - Garage and service station related occupations......... 7.14 - - - 7.14 - - - - - - - Hand packers and packagers........... 7.79 - - - 7.79 - - - - - - - Laborers except construction, N.E.C. 8.99 7.00 6.00 - 10.43 9.10 7.00 6.00 - 10.43 8.50 - - - Service occupations.............. 8.85 7.50 5.75 - 10.25 7.08 6.60 5.50 - 8.74 13.51 $12.96 $8.86 - $17.32 Protective service occupations............. 16.82 17.32 13.72 - 20.58 9.38 - - - 17.94 18.16 16.21 - 20.58 Police and detectives, public service...... 20.17 - - - - - - - 20.17 - - - Guards and police except public service............. 9.79 - - - 9.50 - - - - - - - Food service occupations.. 6.40 5.50 5.00 - 7.35 6.31 5.50 4.90 - 7.20 8.43 7.51 5.89 - 10.15 Bartenders............. 7.45 - - - 7.45 - - - - - - - Waiters and waitresses. 4.51 - - - 4.51 - - - - - - - Cooks.................. 7.51 7.00 5.50 - 9.50 7.44 - - - - - - - Food counter, fountain, and related occupations......... 5.27 - - - 5.27 - - - - - - - Kitchen workers, food preparation......... 6.21 - - - 5.97 - - - - - - - Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants.......... 4.64 - - - - - - - - - - - Food preparation occupations, N.E.C.. 6.27 5.73 5.00 - 6.77 6.12 5.50 5.00 - 6.75 8.11 - - - Health service occupations............. 9.01 8.40 7.07 - 9.95 8.05 8.00 7.00 - 8.86 11.44 11.54 8.95 - 13.39 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants.......... 8.16 8.26 7.15 - 8.91 8.05 8.07 7.00 - 8.86 8.69 - - - Cleaning and building service occupations..... 8.94 8.25 6.81 - 11.00 7.96 7.06 6.00 - 10.00 10.30 9.34 7.95 - 11.79 Janitors and cleaners.. 8.77 7.98 6.74 - 10.62 7.60 6.95 6.00 - 8.84 10.36 9.64 7.91 - 12.14 Personal services occupations............. 7.42 6.18 5.50 - 8.65 6.93 6.00 5.50 - 7.98 10.29 - - - Early childhood teachers' assistants 5.87 - - - 5.68 - - - - - - - Child care workers, N.E.C............... $6.33 - - - $6.30 - - - - - - - Service occupations, N.E.C............... 8.97 - - - 9.54 - - - - - - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 2. Hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, full-time workers only(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 All industries Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Mean Median Middle range Mean Median Middle range Mean Median Middle range All workers........................ $15.33 $12.69 $9.00 - $18.54 $14.47 $12.30 $8.81 - $17.38 $20.34 $16.81 $12.05 - $26.21 All workers excluding sales...... 15.51 12.82 9.18 - 18.72 14.61 12.34 8.94 - 17.79 20.34 16.81 12.05 - 26.21 White-collar occupations......... 18.02 14.42 10.62 - 22.02 16.87 13.72 10.49 - 19.83 23.72 21.91 13.19 - 32.00 Professional specialty and technical occupations....... 22.09 19.31 14.04 - 27.36 19.34 16.76 13.46 - 23.00 29.80 28.43 21.75 - 37.35 Professional specialty occupations............... 24.86 22.72 16.42 - 30.68 21.99 20.18 15.10 - 26.95 30.26 28.95 22.39 - 37.68 Engineering occupations... 25.16 25.10 20.43 - 29.77 25.19 25.17 20.24 - 30.13 - - - - Mechanical engineers... 25.48 - - - 25.48 - - - - - - - Engineers, N.E.C....... 27.99 28.56 23.78 - 31.27 28.00 28.51 23.39 - 31.27 - - - - Computer systems analysts and scientists.......... 21.39 22.11 16.22 - 26.24 21.39 22.11 16.22 - 26.24 - - - - Physicians............. 37.55 - - - - - - - - - - - Registered nurses...... 17.77 17.45 14.87 - 19.65 17.78 17.34 14.65 - 19.71 - - - - Teachers................... 31.24 29.84 23.81 - 38.69 21.87 - - - 33.30 32.00 25.08 - 40.49 Teachers, college and university............ 32.16 - - - - - - - 35.29 - - - Teachers, except college and university........ 31.14 29.84 23.29 - 38.95 18.70 - - - 33.19 32.00 24.75 - 40.33 Elementary school teachers............ 29.51 29.15 21.15 - 37.20 - - - - 31.97 32.00 24.26 - 38.62 Secondary school teachers............ 36.24 33.42 27.14 - 44.03 - - - - 37.76 37.65 28.56 - 47.17 Teachers, special education........... 29.66 27.30 23.47 - 33.76 - - - - 30.06 28.11 23.67 - 33.94 Teachers, N.E.C........ 32.54 - - - - - - - 32.54 - - - Vocational and educational counselors.......... 23.18 - - - - - - - 25.35 - - - Librarians............. 18.04 - - - - - - - - - - - Social workers......... 16.31 16.13 13.68 - 17.61 14.88 - - - 17.94 16.63 15.81 - 20.80 Editors and reporters.. 18.44 - - - 18.44 - - - - - - - Technical occupations........ 14.37 13.46 12.34 - 16.15 14.40 13.46 12.40 - 16.15 13.10 - - - Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians......... 14.68 - - - 14.68 - - - - - - - Licensed practical nurses.............. 14.40 - - - 14.79 - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic technicians......... 15.35 - - - 15.36 - - - - - - - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.. 16.31 - - - 16.54 - - - - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations...... 24.63 20.18 14.42 - 31.15 24.74 20.18 14.42 - 31.26 23.70 21.05 18.06 - 28.38 Financial managers..... 34.91 - - - 34.91 - - - - - - - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations.... 42.01 32.68 25.00 - 50.14 42.01 32.68 25.00 - 50.14 - - - - Administrators, education and related fields...... $26.44 - - - - - - - $30.43 - - - Managers, medicine and health.............. 21.10 - - - $19.03 - - - - - - - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C............... 22.95 - - - 23.79 - - - - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C............... 34.77 $32.00 $26.49 - $39.76 34.90 $32.21 $26.49 - $39.76 - - - - Accountants and auditors............ 16.45 14.42 12.82 - 17.95 16.48 14.42 12.82 - 19.23 - - - - Other financial officers............ 18.25 - - - 18.38 - - - - - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists......... 15.81 15.32 13.99 - 17.86 15.37 - - - - - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C....... 16.75 - - - 16.68 - - - - - - - Management related occupations, N.E.C.. 20.81 17.29 12.69 - 26.00 19.93 15.41 12.69 - 25.94 27.54 - - - Sales occupations.............. 12.98 12.13 7.20 - 15.00 12.98 12.13 7.20 - 15.00 - - - - Supervisors, sales occupations......... 16.58 - - - 16.58 - - - - - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale........... 23.53 - - - 23.53 - - - - - - - Sales workers, other commodities......... 9.44 - - - 9.44 - - - - - - - Cashiers............... 6.99 - - - 6.99 - - - - - - - Sales support occupations, N.E.C.. 11.15 - - - 11.15 - - - - - - - Administrative support including clerical occupations................. 10.78 10.25 8.37 - 12.02 10.54 10.21 8.27 - 12.02 11.98 $10.83 $8.60 - $13.11 Secretaries............ 11.48 12.02 9.54 - 12.02 11.19 12.02 9.44 - 12.02 15.58 - - - Typists................ 10.10 10.00 8.66 - 11.33 - - - - 9.77 - - - Receptionists.......... 8.29 - - - 7.94 - - - - - - - Order clerks........... 12.16 - - - 12.16 - - - - - - - Records clerks, N.E.C.. 9.14 - - - 9.14 - - - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks. 10.75 10.98 8.75 - 12.15 10.21 10.25 8.75 - 11.80 12.88 - - - Billing clerks......... 9.20 - - - 9.20 - - - - - - - Dispatchers............ 11.11 - - - - - - - - - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks.... 8.14 - - - 8.14 - - - - - - - Stock and inventory clerks.............. 10.45 - - - 10.26 - - - - - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators....... $12.62 - - - $12.62 - - - - - - - Investigators and adjusters except insurance........... 12.16 - - - 12.16 - - - - - - - General office clerks.. 10.19 $9.70 $8.05 - $10.65 10.12 $9.70 $8.06 - $10.50 $10.67 - - - Data entry keyers...... 9.55 - - - 8.31 - - - - - - - Teachers' aides........ 7.69 7.47 6.11 - 9.24 - - - - 7.69 $7.47 $6.11 - $9.24 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C.. 11.46 11.81 9.48 - 11.81 11.51 11.81 9.59 - 11.81 - - - - White-collar occupations excluding sales............. 18.75 14.88 11.30 - 23.44 17.57 14.01 10.81 - 20.71 23.72 21.91 13.19 - 32.00 Blue-collar occupations.......... 12.42 11.48 8.40 - 16.27 12.38 11.35 8.01 - 16.45 13.37 13.72 11.33 - 15.15 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations...... 14.95 14.28 11.00 - 18.54 15.00 14.10 10.78 - 18.61 14.46 14.73 13.65 - 15.83 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics........... 13.76 - - - - - - - - - - - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.... 14.80 - - - 14.51 - - - 15.26 - - - Supervisors, production occupations......... 15.57 17.09 10.28 - 18.81 15.57 17.09 10.28 - 18.81 - - - - Tool and die makers.... 19.21 - - - 19.21 - - - - - - - Machinists............. 18.62 - - - 19.05 - - - - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.............. 11.68 10.85 7.40 - 15.21 11.68 10.85 7.39 - 15.21 - - - - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C.... 12.17 - - - 12.17 - - - - - - - Molding and casting machine operators... 14.01 - - - 14.01 - - - - - - - Printing press operators........... 12.87 - - - 12.87 - - - - - - - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C.... 12.61 12.72 8.86 - 17.88 12.61 12.72 8.86 - 17.88 - - - - Assemblers............. 7.78 7.00 6.25 - 8.78 7.78 7.00 6.25 - 8.78 - - - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners........... 14.47 - - - 14.47 - - - - - - - Transportation and material moving occupations.......... 11.24 10.06 8.50 - 13.58 11.07 9.83 8.00 - 12.59 12.28 12.86 10.56 - 13.81 Truck drivers.......... 9.33 9.00 8.00 - 10.00 8.86 - - - 12.68 - - - Bus drivers............ 12.93 - - - - - - - 11.98 - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers....... 9.98 9.63 7.00 - 11.14 9.85 9.44 7.00 - 11.14 11.98 - - - Production helpers..... 10.27 - - - 10.27 - - - - - - - Stock handlers and baggers............. 7.86 - - - 7.56 - - - - - - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C............... $13.34 - - - $13.34 - - - - - - - Hand packers and packagers........... 8.08 - - - 8.08 - - - - - - - Laborers except construction, N.E.C. 9.59 $7.50 $6.50 - $11.02 9.46 $7.30 $6.50 - $10.43 - - - - Service occupations.............. 10.06 8.79 6.65 - 11.63 7.85 7.27 6.18 - 9.45 $14.50 $13.87 $9.90 - $18.16 Protective service occupations............. 17.74 17.32 15.49 - 20.58 - - - - 18.80 18.16 16.77 - 20.58 Police and detectives, public service...... 20.17 - - - - - - - 20.17 - - - Guards and police except public service............. 10.78 - - - - - - - - - - - Food service occupations.. 7.53 6.50 5.50 - 9.27 7.46 6.50 5.50 - 9.27 8.93 - - - Cooks.................. 7.69 - - - 7.60 - - - - - - - Kitchen workers, food preparation......... 6.59 - - - - - - - - - - - Food preparation occupations, N.E.C.. 7.00 - - - 6.94 - - - - - - - Health service occupations............. 9.32 8.51 7.50 - 10.61 8.16 8.06 7.00 - 8.91 11.88 - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants.......... 8.36 8.40 7.54 - 9.07 8.24 8.35 7.50 - 8.92 - - - - Cleaning and building service occupations..... 9.42 8.85 7.17 - 11.00 8.51 7.65 6.50 - 11.00 10.47 9.77 7.89 - 12.18 Janitors and cleaners.. 9.25 8.53 7.06 - 11.00 8.07 7.35 6.42 - 10.00 10.55 9.90 7.85 - 12.20 Personal services occupations............. 8.11 6.77 5.75 - 9.74 7.31 - - - - - - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 3. Hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, part-time workers only(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 All industries Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Mean Median Middle range Mean Median Middle range Mean Median Middle range All workers........................ $8.21 $6.25 $5.10 - $8.86 $7.62 $6.00 $5.00 - $8.11 $11.45 $8.46 $6.87 - $12.78 All workers excluding sales...... 8.70 6.73 5.35 - 9.50 8.08 6.25 5.05 - 8.86 11.45 8.46 6.87 - 12.78 White-collar occupations......... 10.24 7.29 5.30 - 12.32 9.47 6.73 5.20 - 11.05 13.83 10.00 7.85 - 15.56 Professional specialty and technical occupations....... 17.52 15.80 10.50 - 19.78 17.32 15.90 11.51 - 18.77 17.93 15.25 8.38 - 21.24 Professional specialty occupations............... 18.84 16.25 8.38 - 22.65 18.71 16.28 12.84 - 25.31 19.09 15.56 8.38 - 21.58 Registered nurses...... 17.20 16.75 15.25 - 18.64 17.30 16.75 15.63 - 18.52 - - - - Teachers................... 19.22 15.56 8.38 - 33.03 - - - - - - - - Technical occupations........ 14.08 14.31 10.56 - 17.00 14.20 - - - 13.70 - - - Licensed practical nurses.............. 12.90 - - - - - - - - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations...... 12.95 - - - 13.07 - - - - - - - Sales occupations.............. 5.72 5.25 5.00 - 6.00 5.72 5.25 5.00 - 6.00 - - - - Sales workers, other commodities......... 5.77 - - - 5.77 - - - - - - - Cashiers............... 5.52 5.25 4.85 - 5.75 5.52 5.25 4.85 - 5.75 - - - - Administrative support including clerical occupations................. 7.89 7.00 6.00 - 9.51 7.70 7.00 5.50 - 9.19 8.53 7.89 6.40 - 10.56 Secretaries............ 9.31 - - - 9.58 - - - - - - - Receptionists.......... 6.19 - - - 6.19 - - - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks. 10.84 - - - 10.06 - - - - - - - General office clerks.. 7.29 6.51 5.50 - 9.00 7.41 - - - - - - - Teachers' aides........ 8.39 - - - - - - - 8.39 - - - Administrative support occupations, N.E.C.. 6.36 - - - - - - - - - - - White-collar occupations excluding sales............. 12.53 9.95 6.88 - 15.45 12.06 9.95 6.73 - 15.29 13.83 10.00 7.85 - 15.56 Blue-collar occupations.......... 7.30 6.33 5.75 - 7.63 6.77 6.33 5.75 - 7.25 10.73 - - - Transportation and material moving occupations.......... 9.86 - - - - - - - 13.20 - - - Bus drivers............ 10.25 - - - - - - - 14.66 - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers....... 5.73 5.75 5.25 - 6.00 5.73 5.75 5.25 - 6.00 - - - - Stock handlers and baggers............. 5.63 - - - 5.63 - - - - - - - Service occupations.............. 5.86 5.50 4.50 - 6.90 5.60 5.35 4.30 - 6.50 7.50 7.32 6.00 - 8.80 Protective service occupations............. 7.48 - - - - - - - - - - - Food service occupations.. 5.01 4.85 3.00 - 5.50 4.90 4.75 2.90 - 5.50 7.74 - - - Waiters and waitresses. 3.98 - - - 3.98 - - - - - - - Cooks.................. 6.83 - - - 6.83 - - - - - - - Kitchen workers, food preparation......... 4.96 - - - - - - - - - - - Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants.......... 4.56 - - - - - - - - - - - Food preparation occupations, N.E.C.. $5.39 $5.00 $4.50 - $5.50 $5.10 - - - - - - - Health service occupations............. 7.67 7.50 6.68 - 8.60 7.63 $7.41 $6.56 - $8.33 - - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants.......... 7.61 7.50 6.66 - 8.50 7.56 - - - - - - - Cleaning and building service occupations..... 6.79 6.50 5.50 - 8.00 6.29 - - - - - - - Janitors and cleaners.. 6.79 6.50 5.50 - 8.00 6.29 - - - - - - - Personal services occupations............. 6.15 5.65 5.15 - 6.18 6.09 5.55 5.00 - 6.00 $6.33 - - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 4. Mean weekly earnings(1) and hours for selected white-collar occupations, full-time workers only(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 All industries Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Mean Weekly earnings Mean Weekly earnings Mean Weekly earnings weekly weekly weekly hours(- hours(- hours(- 4) Mean Median 4) Mean Median 4) Mean Median White-collar occupations.............. 39.3 $708 $568 39.9 $673 $538 36.4 $863 $824 Professional specialty and technical occupations...................... 38.6 852 765 39.6 765 664 36.1 1075 1010 Professional specialty occupations 38.1 948 890 39.3 865 793 36.0 1089 1025 Engineering occupations........ 39.9 1004 1004 40.1 1009 1007 - - - Mechanical engineers........ 40.0 1019 - 40.0 1019 - - - - Engineers, N.E.C............ 40.0 1120 1111 40.2 1125 1140 - - - Computer systems analysts and scientists........... 40.4 863 892 40.4 863 892 - - - Physicians.................. 41.6 1562 - - - - - - - Registered nurses........... 39.6 704 694 39.6 704 694 - - - Teachers........................ 35.9 1122 1087 37.4 818 - 35.6 1185 1149 Teachers, college and university................. 38.0 1222 - - - - 35.8 1262 - Teachers, except college and university................. 35.7 1112 1059 36.5 682 - 35.6 1181 1136 Elementary school teachers.. 37.0 1093 1074 - - - 37.1 1186 1203 Secondary school teachers... 34.5 1251 1169 - - - 34.5 1301 1366 Teachers, special education. 34.6 1025 977 - - - 34.6 1039 977 Teachers, N.E.C............. 34.2 1112 - - - - 34.2 1112 - Vocational and educational counselors............... 38.5 893 - - - - 37.2 944 - Librarians.................. 35.2 635 - - - - - - - Social workers.............. 37.7 615 581 37.0 551 - 38.5 690 665 Editors and reporters....... 39.6 730 - 39.6 730 - - - - Technical occupations............. 40.0 574 538 40.0 576 538 39.2 513 - Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians.............. 39.7 583 - 39.7 583 - - - - Licensed practical nurses... 39.9 574 - 40.0 592 - - - - Electrical and electronic technicians.............. 40.0 614 - 40.0 614 - - - - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.................... 40.0 652 - 40.0 662 - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations........... 41.2 1014 815 41.5 1027 817 38.5 913 756 Financial managers.......... 40.4 1412 - 40.4 1412 - - - - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations................ 40.0 1681 1307 40.0 1681 1307 - - - Administrators, education and related fields....... 40.8 1079 - - - - 42.8 1301 - Managers, medicine and health................... 40.0 844 - 40.0 761 - - - - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C..... 46.9 $1077 - 48.3 $1150 - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.................... 42.7 1485 $1484 42.8 1494 $1489 - - - Accountants and auditors.... 45.5 749 640 46.6 768 640 - - - Other financial officers.... 39.0 712 - 39.0 717 - - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists.............. 38.7 612 608 39.1 600 - - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C............ 39.7 666 - 39.9 665 - - - - Management related occupations, N.E.C....... 39.8 828 648 40.0 798 596 37.8 $1042 - Sales occupations................... 39.5 513 471 39.5 513 471 - - - Supervisors, sales occupations.............. 42.3 702 - 42.3 702 - - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale............ 40.0 941 - 40.0 941 - - - - Sales workers, other commodities.............. 39.0 368 - 39.0 368 - - - - Cashiers.................... 36.8 257 - 36.8 257 - - - - Sales support occupations, N.E.C.................... 36.9 411 - 36.9 411 - - - - Administrative support including clerical occupations............. 38.8 418 396 39.4 415 396 36.1 432 $387 Secretaries................. 38.9 446 481 39.1 437 472 36.2 564 - Typists..................... 38.3 387 380 - - - 38.4 375 - Receptionists............... 39.5 327 - 39.9 317 - - - - Order clerks................ 39.8 484 - 39.8 484 - - - - Records clerks, N.E.C....... 37.4 342 - 37.4 342 - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks.......... 38.8 417 413 39.0 398 410 38.0 489 - Billing clerks.............. 39.0 359 - 39.0 359 - - - - Dispatchers................. 38.9 432 - - - - - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks......... 40.0 326 - 40.0 326 - - - - Stock and inventory clerks.. 39.5 412 - 40.0 410 - - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............ 38.3 483 - 38.3 483 - - - - Investigators and adjusters except insurance......... 41.2 501 - 41.2 501 - - - - General office clerks....... 38.8 395 388 38.9 393 388 38.5 411 - Data entry keyers........... 38.8 371 - 39.8 331 - - - - Teachers' aides............. 31.8 $244 $234 - - - 31.8 $244 $234 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C....... 40.1 460 496 40.6 $468 $496 - - - White-collar occupations excluding sales............................ 39.2 735 577 40.0 702 544 36.4 863 824 1 Earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week. Table 5. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group and level(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Full-time and part-time Full-time workers Part-time workers workers(4) Occupational group(3) and level All State and All State and All State and indus- Private local indus- Private local indus- Private local tries industry govern- tries industry govern- tries industry govern- ment ment ment White-collar occupations...... $17.26 $16.16 $22.71 $18.02 $16.87 $23.72 $10.24 $9.47 $13.83 Professional specialty and technical occupations.... 21.72 19.19 28.64 22.09 19.34 29.80 17.52 17.32 17.93 Professional specialty occupations............ 24.39 21.73 29.36 24.86 21.99 30.26 18.84 18.71 19.09 Level 5........... 11.77 12.19 - 14.04 - - - - - Level 6........... 20.36 - 17.38 19.17 19.37 - - - - Level 7........... 15.60 14.54 19.02 15.69 14.71 18.47 14.85 13.44 - Level 8........... 17.38 15.84 25.52 17.34 15.55 26.83 17.64 18.08 - Level 9........... 28.12 18.36 34.07 28.37 18.29 34.48 23.85 19.50 26.74 Level 10.......... 22.16 20.07 24.18 22.21 20.13 24.18 - - - Level 11.......... 24.93 22.87 29.88 24.92 22.80 30.09 - - - Level 12.......... 29.94 30.27 - 29.94 30.27 - - - - Level 13.......... 39.47 39.36 - 39.47 39.36 - - - - Level 14.......... 32.43 28.15 - - - - - - - Engineering occupations. 25.16 25.19 - 25.16 25.19 - - - - Level 9........... 22.08 21.08 - 22.08 21.08 - - - - Level 11.......... 24.95 24.95 - 24.95 24.95 - - - - Level 12.......... 28.54 28.54 - 28.54 28.54 - - - - Registered nurses... 17.67 17.69 17.52 17.77 17.78 - 17.20 17.30 - Level 7........... 16.15 16.15 - - - - - - - Level 8........... 17.58 17.74 - - - - 18.20 - - Level 9........... 17.47 17.27 - - - - - - - Level 10.......... 20.37 - - 20.37 - - - - - Level 11.......... 19.12 19.38 - 19.12 19.38 - - - - Natural scientists...... 21.39 21.39 - 21.39 21.39 - - - - Level 9........... 19.48 19.48 - 19.48 19.48 - - - - Level 11.......... 25.53 25.53 - 25.53 25.53 - - - - Teachers................ 30.13 22.72 31.99 31.24 21.87 33.30 19.22 - - Level 6........... 24.37 - 17.89 22.99 - - - - - Level 8........... 24.38 - - 24.38 - - - - - Level 9........... 35.27 - 35.27 35.68 - 35.68 - - - Level 10.......... 26.47 - 26.47 26.47 - 26.47 - - - Level 11.......... 28.65 - 30.96 28.69 - 31.04 - - - Teachers, except college and university......... 29.86 17.75 31.90 31.14 18.70 33.19 - - - Level 6........... 17.35 - - 17.77 - - - - - Level 8........... 24.46 - - 24.46 - - - - - Level 9........... 35.28 - 35.28 35.68 - 35.68 - - - Level 10.......... 25.75 - 25.75 25.75 - 25.75 - - - Level 11.......... 28.53 - 31.04 28.53 - 31.04 - - - Technical occupations..... 14.34 14.39 13.38 14.37 14.40 13.10 14.08 14.20 13.70 Level 4........... 11.00 11.37 - 11.31 11.29 - 9.73 - - Level 5........... 13.89 13.94 - 12.71 12.59 - - - - Level 6........... 13.85 13.98 - 13.73 13.85 - - - - Level 8........... $16.72 $16.79 - $16.84 $16.91 - - - - Level 9........... 18.87 18.87 - 19.00 19.00 - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations.............. 24.38 24.51 $23.31 24.63 24.74 $23.70 $12.95 $13.07 - Level 5........... 12.14 11.89 - 12.17 11.89 - - - - Level 6........... 14.83 14.31 - 15.36 14.86 - - - - Level 7........... 13.21 13.08 - 13.20 13.08 - - - - Level 8........... 15.43 15.43 - 15.44 15.44 - - - - Level 9........... 17.18 16.84 18.91 17.41 17.01 19.50 - - - Level 10.......... 20.32 19.78 - 20.32 19.78 - - - - Level 11.......... 23.77 23.90 - 24.10 24.26 - - - - Level 12.......... 26.29 27.04 - 26.29 27.04 - - - - Level 13.......... 32.85 31.53 - 32.85 31.53 - - - - Level 14.......... 43.67 45.25 - 43.67 45.25 - - - - Executives, managers and administrators....... 31.65 32.09 26.91 31.88 32.34 26.91 - - - Level 10.......... 18.96 - - 18.96 - - - - - Level 11.......... 22.41 22.53 - 22.87 23.05 - - - - Level 12.......... 24.00 24.90 - 24.00 24.90 - - - - Level 13.......... 29.04 28.37 - 29.04 28.37 - - - - Level 14.......... 43.67 45.25 - 43.67 45.25 - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C............ 34.77 34.90 - 34.77 34.90 - - - - Level 11.......... 27.22 27.22 - 27.22 27.22 - - - - Level 12.......... 29.06 29.20 - 29.06 29.20 - - - - Level 13.......... 30.46 - - 30.46 - - - - - Sales occupations........... 11.35 11.35 - 12.98 12.98 - 5.72 5.72 - Level 1........... 5.35 5.35 - - - - 5.24 5.24 - Level 2........... 5.37 5.37 - - - - 5.33 5.33 - Level 3........... 7.19 7.19 - 7.44 7.44 - 6.73 6.73 - Level 4........... 8.77 8.77 - 9.07 9.07 - 6.40 6.40 - Level 5........... 11.13 11.13 - 11.34 11.34 - - - - Level 6........... 13.19 13.19 - 13.19 13.19 - - - - Level 8........... 14.35 14.35 - 14.34 14.34 - - - - Level 11.......... 24.32 24.32 - 24.32 24.32 - - - - Cashiers............ 6.23 6.23 - 6.99 6.99 - 5.52 5.52 - Level 1........... 5.40 5.40 - - - - 5.27 5.27 - Level 2........... 5.34 5.34 - - - - 5.30 5.30 - Administrative support including clerical occupations.............. 10.48 10.27 11.51 10.78 10.54 11.98 7.89 7.70 $8.53 Level 1........... 7.03 5.97 9.37 8.44 6.87 - 5.40 5.29 - Level 2........... 7.86 7.66 8.44 8.11 7.89 8.73 6.64 6.58 - Level 3........... 9.59 9.60 9.52 9.79 9.77 9.94 7.51 7.40 7.74 Level 4........... $9.88 $9.83 $10.10 $9.96 $9.95 $9.99 $9.21 $8.70 $10.81 Level 5........... 11.76 10.91 16.06 11.83 10.90 16.06 - - - Level 6........... 13.14 12.67 16.10 13.12 12.64 16.10 - - - Level 7........... 12.91 11.94 - 12.92 11.93 - - - - Level 8........... 14.36 14.36 - 14.55 14.55 - - - - Secretaries......... 11.34 11.09 14.85 11.48 11.19 15.58 9.31 9.58 - Level 4........... 9.79 9.62 - 9.77 9.57 - - - - Level 5........... 11.54 11.41 - 11.54 11.41 - - - - Level 6........... 15.31 - - 15.31 - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks.. 10.77 10.18 12.88 10.75 10.21 12.88 10.84 10.06 - Level 4........... 10.29 9.93 - 10.30 10.13 - - - - Level 5........... 10.98 - - - - - - - - Level 6........... 13.24 - - - - - - - - General office clerks........... 9.61 9.61 9.59 10.19 10.12 10.67 7.29 7.41 - Level 2........... 7.25 7.23 - 7.62 7.54 - - - - Level 3........... 9.17 9.28 - 9.70 9.67 - - - - Level 4........... 9.67 9.32 - 9.61 9.22 - - - - White-collar occupations excluding sales.......... 18.27 17.18 22.71 18.75 17.57 23.72 12.53 12.06 13.83 Level 1........... 7.03 5.97 9.37 8.44 6.87 - 5.40 5.29 - Level 2........... 7.86 7.66 8.44 8.11 7.89 8.73 6.64 6.58 - Level 3........... 9.50 9.49 9.52 9.79 9.77 9.94 7.13 6.91 7.74 Level 4........... 9.99 9.99 10.00 10.08 10.09 10.03 9.30 9.04 9.89 Level 5........... 12.04 11.49 14.21 12.14 11.38 15.61 11.34 12.42 - Level 6........... 15.84 15.72 16.51 15.32 15.06 16.78 20.64 21.82 14.03 Level 7........... 13.84 13.24 20.21 13.78 13.23 20.35 14.84 13.49 - Level 8........... 16.37 15.66 23.29 16.37 15.60 24.07 16.43 16.61 - Level 9........... 24.64 17.70 32.51 24.85 17.75 32.98 20.75 16.70 24.66 Level 10.......... 20.47 18.83 23.90 20.48 18.84 23.90 - - - Level 11.......... 23.66 22.22 29.05 23.73 22.26 29.22 20.45 - - Level 12.......... 27.69 28.11 21.58 28.17 28.64 21.58 - - - Level 13.......... 34.56 33.72 39.04 34.56 33.72 39.04 - - - Level 14.......... 41.24 41.98 36.55 41.47 42.49 34.23 - - - Level 15.......... 48.11 48.56 - 48.11 48.56 - - - - Blue-collar occupations....... $12.12 $12.08 $12.97 $12.42 $12.38 $13.37 $7.30 $6.77 $10.73 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations... 14.87 14.91 14.46 14.95 15.00 14.46 - - - Level 3........... 8.04 7.76 - 8.18 7.85 - - - - Level 4........... 11.16 11.01 - 11.16 11.01 - - - - Level 5........... 11.42 11.44 - 11.42 11.44 - - - - Level 6........... 14.05 13.87 - 14.05 13.87 - - - - Level 7........... 15.94 16.09 14.99 16.04 16.21 14.99 - - - Level 8........... 18.55 18.96 - 18.55 18.96 - - - - Level 9........... 17.15 17.62 - 17.16 17.65 - - - - Level 10.......... 19.67 19.67 - 19.67 19.67 - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............... 11.53 11.53 - 11.68 11.68 - - - - Level 1........... 6.97 6.97 - 7.04 7.04 - - - - Level 2........... 9.24 9.25 - 9.28 9.28 - - - - Level 3........... 9.84 9.84 - 10.16 10.16 - - - - Level 4........... 13.34 13.34 - 13.34 13.34 - - - - Level 6........... 12.91 12.91 - 12.91 12.91 - - - - Level 7........... 15.07 15.07 - 15.07 15.07 - - - - Transportation and material moving occupations....... 11.03 10.66 12.60 11.24 11.07 12.28 9.86 - 13.20 Level 2........... 9.13 8.80 10.60 9.17 - - - - - Level 3........... 10.08 9.63 - 10.92 10.73 - - - - Level 4........... 11.49 11.02 12.18 11.72 - 12.47 - - - Truck drivers....... 9.24 8.84 11.86 9.33 8.86 12.68 - - - Level 2........... 8.57 - - 8.67 - - - - - Level 3........... 9.89 - - 9.93 - - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................. 9.36 9.28 10.64 9.98 9.85 11.98 5.73 5.73 - Level 1........... 6.70 6.51 8.27 7.24 6.94 - 5.59 5.57 - Level 2........... 9.46 9.28 - 9.94 9.76 - - - - Level 3........... 10.54 10.48 - 10.86 10.81 - - - - Service occupations........... 8.85 7.08 13.51 10.06 7.85 14.50 5.86 5.60 7.50 Level 1........... 6.32 5.81 8.32 7.11 6.48 - 5.24 5.04 6.80 Level 2........... 7.76 6.97 9.69 8.27 7.43 - 6.38 5.61 7.85 Level 3........... 7.41 6.87 11.31 8.49 7.80 11.81 5.64 5.57 - Level 4........... 9.67 8.87 12.97 9.91 8.85 - 8.79 8.95 - Level 5........... 9.80 8.49 15.16 10.54 9.14 15.16 - - - Level 6........... 15.77 - - 15.80 - - - - - Level 7........... 16.45 - 18.68 16.45 - 18.68 - - - Protective service occupations.......... 16.82 9.38 17.94 17.74 - 18.80 7.48 - - Level 7........... 18.89 - 18.89 18.89 - 18.89 - - - Food service occupations.......... $6.40 $6.31 $8.43 $7.53 $7.46 $8.93 $5.01 $4.90 $7.74 Level 1........... 5.37 5.36 5.86 6.02 6.04 - 4.73 4.67 - Level 2........... 6.51 6.27 - 7.64 - - 5.44 4.80 - Level 3........... 6.01 5.99 - 7.40 7.41 - 4.65 4.63 - Level 5........... 8.71 - - - - - - - - Health service occupations.......... 9.01 8.05 11.44 9.32 8.16 11.88 7.67 7.63 - Level 2........... 8.69 7.63 - 8.81 7.62 - 7.86 - - Level 3........... 8.44 7.94 - 9.01 8.31 - 7.42 7.41 - Level 4........... 10.32 9.24 - 10.66 - - - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants....... 8.16 8.05 8.69 8.36 8.24 - 7.61 7.56 - Level 2........... 7.85 7.73 - 7.85 7.75 - 7.86 - - Level 3........... 8.17 7.92 - 8.62 8.29 - 7.42 7.41 - Level 4........... 9.14 9.14 - - - - - - - Cleaning and building service occupations.. 8.94 7.96 10.30 9.42 8.51 10.47 6.79 6.29 - Level 1........... 8.02 7.06 - 8.54 7.78 - 6.67 6.15 - Level 2........... 7.87 6.93 - 7.96 7.02 - - - - Level 3........... 10.37 8.84 13.10 10.75 - 13.54 - - - Janitors and cleaners......... 8.77 7.60 10.36 9.25 8.07 10.55 6.79 6.29 - Level 1........... 8.02 7.06 - 8.54 7.78 - 6.67 6.15 - Level 2........... 7.73 6.93 - 7.81 7.02 - - - - Level 3........... 10.37 8.84 13.10 10.75 - 13.54 - - - Personal services occupations.......... 7.42 6.93 10.29 8.11 7.31 - 6.15 6.09 6.33 Level 1........... 5.47 5.48 - - - - 5.45 5.46 - Level 2........... 5.80 5.66 - - - - 5.82 - - Level 4........... 7.34 - - - - - - - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation's ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. Table 6. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group and selected characteristic, all industries, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Nonunion- Full-time Part-time Incen- Occupational group(2) Union(3) (3) workers(- workers(- Time(5) tive(5) 4) 4) All workers.................................. $18.20 $13.52 $15.33 $8.21 $14.67 $12.54 All workers excluding sales.............. 18.24 13.77 15.51 8.70 14.94 11.66 White-collar occupations................. 23.28 16.23 18.02 10.24 17.63 13.29 Professional specialty and technical occupations......................... 28.78 19.34 22.09 17.52 21.76 - Professional specialty occupations... 29.70 21.88 24.86 18.84 24.46 - Technical occupations................ 15.34 14.28 14.37 14.08 14.34 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations.............. 23.10 24.46 24.63 12.95 24.86 - Sales occupations...................... - 11.31 12.98 5.72 10.22 13.72 Administrative support including clerical occupations................ 12.47 10.15 10.78 7.89 10.53 9.89 White-collar excluding sales........... 23.50 17.22 18.75 12.53 18.53 12.75 Blue-collar occupations.................. 15.59 10.44 12.42 7.30 12.18 10.84 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations......................... 18.37 13.14 14.95 - 14.81 - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.......................... 14.47 9.60 11.68 - 11.66 - Transportation and material moving occupations......................... 13.49 10.01 11.24 9.86 11.03 - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers........................ 13.98 8.30 9.98 5.73 9.42 - Service occupations...................... 13.83 7.14 10.06 5.86 8.89 - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 5 Time workers wages are based solely on hourly or weekly rates; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. Table 7. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group and selected characteristic, private industry, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Nonunion- Full-time Part-time Incen- Occupational group(2) Union(3) (3) workers(- workers(- Time(5) tive(5) 4) 4) All workers.................................. $15.50 $13.46 $14.47 $7.62 $13.80 $12.54 All workers excluding sales.............. 15.53 13.72 14.61 8.08 14.07 11.66 White-collar occupations................. 15.39 16.17 16.87 9.47 16.48 13.29 Professional specialty and technical occupations......................... 17.53 19.24 19.34 17.32 19.24 - Professional specialty occupations... - 21.84 21.99 18.71 21.82 - Technical occupations................ - 14.28 14.40 14.20 14.39 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations.............. - 24.51 24.74 13.07 25.06 - Sales occupations...................... - 11.31 12.98 5.72 10.22 13.72 Administrative support including clerical occupations................ 13.94 10.16 10.54 7.70 10.30 9.89 White-collar excluding sales........... 15.81 17.21 17.57 12.06 17.44 12.75 Blue-collar occupations.................. 15.86 10.43 12.38 6.77 12.14 10.84 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations......................... 19.18 13.14 15.00 - 14.84 - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.......................... 14.49 9.60 11.68 - 11.66 - Transportation and material moving occupations......................... - 9.92 11.07 - 10.66 - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers........................ 14.45 8.33 9.85 5.73 9.33 - Service occupations...................... 8.89 6.99 7.85 5.60 7.10 - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 5 Time workers wages are based solely on hourly or weekly rates; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. Table 8. Hourly earnings(1) by occupational group by selected characteristics, State and local government, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Nonunion- Full-time Part-time Occupational group(2) Union(3) (3) workers(- workers(- Time(5) 4) 4) All workers.................................. $20.61 $14.78 $20.34 $11.45 $19.30 White-collar occupations................... 24.38 17.34 23.72 13.83 22.71 Professional specialty and technical occupations........................... 29.82 21.33 29.80 17.93 28.64 Professional specialty occupations..... 30.37 22.39 30.26 19.09 29.36 Technical occupations.................. 12.83 - 13.10 13.70 13.38 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations........................... 23.10 23.51 23.70 - 23.31 Administrative support including clerical occupations........................... 12.18 10.01 11.98 8.53 11.51 White-collar excluding sales............. 24.38 17.34 23.72 13.83 22.71 Blue-collar occupations.................... 13.65 10.71 13.37 10.73 12.97 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........................... 14.78 - 14.46 - 14.46 Transportation and material moving occupations........................... 12.91 - 12.28 13.20 12.60 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.......................... 12.31 7.52 11.98 - 10.64 Service occupations........................ 14.58 9.10 14.50 7.50 13.51 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 5 Time workers wages are based solely on hourly or weekly rates; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. Table 9. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group, private industry, all workers(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Goods-producing Service-producing industries(5) industries(4) Trans- Fin- Occupational group(3) All private port- Whole- ance, industries Con- Manu- ation sale in- Total struc- fac- Total and and sur- Serv- tion turing public retail ance, ices util- trade and ities real estate All workers........................ $13.71 $16.76 $16.08 $16.81 $11.88 $17.95 $9.83 $11.99 $12.96 All workers excluding sales.... 13.96 16.70 16.21 16.73 12.06 17.11 9.79 11.89 13.04 White-collar occupations....... 16.16 22.71 21.17 22.81 13.77 17.98 11.18 12.29 15.82 Professional specialty and technical occupations..... 19.19 22.95 - 22.95 17.45 - - - 18.37 Professional specialty occupations............. 21.73 25.44 - 25.45 19.81 - 18.31 - 19.90 Technical occupations...... 14.39 17.05 - 17.05 13.40 - - - 13.55 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations 24.51 32.97 28.98 33.46 18.67 - 14.58 18.60 19.80 Sales occupations............ 11.35 21.96 - 23.23 10.81 - 9.91 12.54 10.82 Administrative support including clerical occupations............... 10.27 11.33 - 11.42 9.91 12.53 10.79 9.17 9.14 White-collar excluding sales. 17.18 22.74 21.82 22.79 14.64 16.41 12.28 12.23 16.12 Blue-collar occupations........ 12.08 13.06 13.78 12.97 10.12 17.92 9.47 - 8.65 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 14.91 15.96 17.30 15.69 13.52 21.07 11.75 - 12.04 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors 11.53 12.18 - 12.18 6.99 - - - 6.89 Transportation and material moving occupations........ 10.66 11.42 - 11.60 10.27 - 9.30 - 9.52 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.... 9.28 11.57 - 11.81 7.30 - 7.06 - 7.18 Service occupations............ 7.08 9.23 - 9.23 7.00 - 5.85 - 7.74 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Table 10. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group, private industry, full-time workers only(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Goods-producing Service-producing industries(5) industries(4) Trans- Fin- Occupational group(3) All private port- Whole- ance, industries Con- Manu- ation sale in- Total struc- fac- Total and and sur- Serv- tion turing public retail ance, ices util- trade and ities real estate All workers........................ $14.47 $16.90 $16.31 $16.94 $12.75 $18.08 $11.08 $12.45 $13.47 All workers excluding sales.... 14.61 16.82 16.31 16.85 12.82 17.24 10.94 12.36 13.51 White-collar occupations....... 16.87 23.04 22.35 23.09 14.37 18.16 12.15 12.71 16.14 Professional specialty and technical occupations..... 19.34 23.06 - 23.07 17.43 - - - 18.49 Professional specialty occupations............. 21.99 25.63 - 25.64 19.89 - 18.31 - 20.01 Technical occupations...... 14.40 17.05 - 17.05 13.32 - - - 13.40 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations 24.74 32.97 28.98 33.46 18.86 - 14.58 18.70 20.18 Sales occupations............ 12.98 24.58 - 24.58 12.34 - 11.46 12.91 12.07 Administrative support including clerical occupations............... 10.54 11.44 - 11.51 10.22 12.74 11.29 9.40 9.30 White-collar excluding sales. 17.57 23.00 22.35 23.04 14.88 16.60 12.62 12.66 16.35 Blue-collar occupations........ 12.38 13.12 13.78 13.03 10.70 17.96 10.14 - 8.96 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 15.00 16.00 17.30 15.73 13.64 21.07 11.95 - 12.00 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors 11.68 12.24 - 12.24 7.11 - - - 7.00 Transportation and material moving occupations........ 11.07 11.45 - 11.64 10.83 - 9.34 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.... 9.85 11.59 - 11.82 7.85 - 7.78 - 7.41 Service occupations............ 7.85 9.43 - 9.43 7.76 - 7.02 - 8.10 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Table 11. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group, private industry, part-time workers only(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Goods-pro- Service-producing ducing industries(5) industries(4) All private Fin- Occupational group(3) industries Whole- ance, Manu- sale in- Total fac- Total and sur- Serv- turing retail ance, ices trade and real estate All workers........................ $7.62 $8.99 $9.20 $7.54 $5.26 $8.08 $10.16 All workers excluding sales.... 8.08 9.04 9.15 8.01 5.19 8.20 10.36 White-collar occupations....... 9.47 9.50 10.04 9.47 5.63 7.39 13.56 Professional specialty and technical occupations..... 17.32 - - 17.59 - - 17.59 Professional specialty occupations............. 18.71 - - 19.18 - - 19.18 Technical occupations...... 14.20 - - 14.20 - - 14.20 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations 13.07 - - 13.07 - - 13.26 Sales occupations............ 5.72 - - 5.62 5.40 - - Administrative support including clerical occupations............... 7.70 - - 7.41 6.56 7.43 8.04 White-collar excluding sales. 12.06 9.75 10.05 12.29 6.56 7.46 14.37 Blue-collar occupations........ 6.77 8.61 8.61 6.43 5.90 - 6.78 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.... 5.73 - - 5.72 5.66 - - Service occupations............ 5.60 - - 5.60 4.67 - 6.67 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Table 12. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group, private industry by establishment employment size, all workers(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 100 workers or more Occupational group(3) All 1 - 99 workers workers 100 - 499 500 Total workers workers or more All workers............................. $13.71 $11.62 $15.17 $13.47 $16.89 All workers excluding sales......... 13.96 11.80 15.25 13.54 16.89 White-collar occupations............ 16.16 14.05 17.67 15.53 20.19 Professional specialty and technical occupations.......... 19.19 18.96 19.25 17.61 20.76 Professional specialty occupations.................. 21.73 20.43 22.14 21.13 22.81 Technical occupations........... 14.39 14.35 14.39 13.72 15.45 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations......... 24.51 21.61 26.76 23.84 29.48 Sales occupations................. 11.35 10.74 13.26 12.31 17.26 Administrative support including clerical occupations........... 10.27 9.93 10.53 9.83 11.57 White-collar excluding sales...... 17.18 15.59 18.03 15.93 20.28 Blue-collar occupations............. 12.08 10.07 13.07 11.24 14.59 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............. 14.91 12.70 15.85 14.58 17.06 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 11.53 9.93 12.02 9.30 13.77 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 10.66 8.42 13.94 13.26 14.76 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.......... 9.28 8.36 10.19 8.92 11.91 Service occupations................. 7.08 6.41 8.17 7.62 8.66 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 13. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group, private industry by establishment employment size, full-time workers(2) only, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 100 workers or more Occupational group(3) All 1 - 99 workers workers 100 - 499 500 Total workers workers or more All workers............................. $14.47 $12.62 $15.66 $14.08 $17.18 All workers excluding sales......... 14.61 12.75 15.63 13.98 17.16 White-collar occupations............ 16.87 14.99 18.15 16.16 20.43 Professional specialty and technical occupations.......... 19.34 19.91 19.20 17.58 20.76 Professional specialty occupations.................. 21.99 21.67 22.09 21.01 22.85 Technical occupations........... 14.40 13.78 14.49 - 15.66 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations......... 24.74 21.90 26.92 23.98 29.61 Sales occupations................. 12.98 11.98 16.69 16.24 17.96 Administrative support including clerical occupations........... 10.54 10.22 10.77 10.09 11.79 White-collar excluding sales...... 17.57 16.25 18.23 16.15 20.50 Blue-collar occupations............. 12.38 10.40 13.31 11.49 14.78 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............. 15.00 12.82 15.92 14.68 17.06 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 11.68 9.98 12.20 9.40 14.03 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 11.07 8.65 14.03 13.26 14.98 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.......... 9.85 8.93 10.72 9.57 12.05 Service occupations................. 7.85 7.32 8.64 8.17 8.94 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 14. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group, private industry by establishment employment size, part-time workers(2) only, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 100 workers or more Occupational group(3) All 1 - 99 workers workers 100 - 499 500 Total workers workers or more All workers............................. $7.62 $6.22 $9.56 $7.96 $12.36 All workers excluding sales......... 8.08 6.42 10.23 8.61 12.42 White-collar occupations............ 9.47 7.49 11.86 8.99 16.60 Professional specialty and technical occupations.......... 17.32 11.91 19.94 18.28 20.76 Professional specialty occupations.................. 18.71 8.96 22.80 24.04 22.46 Technical occupations........... 14.20 - 12.45 13.35 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations......... 13.07 - - - - Sales occupations................. 5.72 5.51 6.11 5.90 - Administrative support including clerical occupations........... 7.70 7.97 7.32 - 8.45 White-collar excluding sales...... 12.06 9.35 14.53 11.87 16.91 Blue-collar occupations............. 6.77 6.31 7.22 6.96 7.68 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.......... 5.73 5.47 - - - Service occupations................. 5.60 4.83 7.11 6.88 7.54 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, hazard pay, and on-call pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay--one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the lower of these rates, and one-fourth earn the same as or more than the higher rate. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 15. Number of workers(1) studied by occupation, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Full-time and part-time Full-time workers Part-time workers workers Occupation(2) State State State All Private and All Private and All Private and indus- indust- local indus- indust- local indus- indust- local tries ry govern- tries ry govern- tries ry govern- ment ment ment All workers............................. 480,728 406,050 74,678 383,940 324,542 59,398 96,788 81,508 15,280 All workers excluding sales........... 438,250 363,572 74,678 356,564 297,166 59,398 81,686 66,406 15,280 White-collar occupations.............. 267,382 218,133 49,249 218,646 179,080 39,566 48,736 39,053 9,683 Professional specialty and technical occupations...................... 96,975 68,240 28,734 81,437 58,535 22,902 15,538 9,705 5,832 Professional specialty occupations 72,500 45,056 27,444 60,662 38,323 22,339 11,837 6,733 5,104 Engineering occupations........ 11,778 11,116 - 11,778 11,116 - - - - Mechanical engineers........ 1,068 1,068 - 1,068 1,068 - - - - Engineers, N.E.C............ 4,974 4,667 - 4,974 4,667 - - - - Computer systems analysts and scientists........... 3,440 3,440 - 3,440 3,440 - - - - Physicians.................. 2,600 2,322 - 2,110 - - - - - Registered nurses........... 8,801 7,590 1,211 6,260 5,358 - 2,541 2,231 - Teachers........................ 25,945 4,980 20,964 20,445 3,539 16,906 5,500 - - Teachers, college and university................. 3,215 - - 1,834 - 874 - - - Teachers, post secondary N.E.C.................... - - 769 - - - - - - Teachers, except college and university................. 22,730 3,059 19,670 18,611 2,579 16,032 - - - Elementary school teachers.. 6,827 - 5,840 6,533 - 5,547 - - - Secondary school teachers... 5,615 - 4,829 5,522 - 4,829 - - - Teachers, special education. 2,555 - 2,462 2,555 - 2,462 - - - Teachers, N.E.C............. 2,849 - 2,555 2,234 - 2,234 - - - Vocational and educational counselors............... 1,078 - 630 973 - 525 - - - Librarians.................. 2,032 - - 2,032 - - - - - Social workers.............. 3,949 2,351 1,597 3,342 1,810 1,532 - - - Editors and reporters....... 1,313 1,313 - 1,098 1,098 - - - - Technical occupations............. 24,475 23,184 1,291 20,775 20,212 563 3,700 2,972 728 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians.............. 1,092 1,092 - 796 796 - - - - Licensed practical nurses... 2,750 2,131 619 1,651 1,293 - 1,099 - - Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C....... 1,408 - - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic technicians.............. 3,534 3,502 - 3,534 3,502 - - - - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.................... 807 750 - 807 750 - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations........... 44,611 39,203 5,408 42,524 37,710 4,814 2,088 1,493 - Financial managers.......... 1,436 1,436 - 1,436 1,436 - - - - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations................ 2,941 2,941 - 2,941 2,941 - - - - Administrators, education and related fields....... 1,212 - 640 1,212 - 640 - - - Managers, medicine and health................... 1,379 1,211 - 1,321 1,153 - - - - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C..... 2,256 2,011 - 1,976 1,731 - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.................... 8,397 8,225 - 8,397 8,225 - - - - Accountants and auditors.... 3,805 3,446 - 3,805 3,446 - - - - Other financial officers.... 2,461 2,079 - 2,389 2,079 - - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists.............. 3,686 3,058 - 2,708 2,079 - - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C............ 1,915 1,870 - 1,915 1,870 - - - - Management related occupations, N.E.C....... 12,242 10,699 1,543 12,027 10,564 1,464 - - - Sales occupations................... 42,478 42,478 - 27,376 27,376 - 15,102 15,102 - Supervisors, sales occupations.............. 2,476 2,476 - 2,476 2,476 - - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale............ 3,233 3,233 - 3,233 3,233 - - - - Sales workers, other commodities.............. 7,471 7,471 - 4,497 4,497 - 2,975 2,975 - Cashiers.................... 14,875 14,875 - 5,193 5,193 - 9,682 9,682 - Sales support occupations, N.E.C.................... 1,010 1,010 - 1,010 1,010 - - - - Administrative support including clerical occupations............. 83,318 68,211 15,107 67,309 55,459 11,850 16,008 12,752 3,256 Secretaries................. 13,436 12,480 956 11,880 11,053 827 1,556 1,427 - Typists..................... 2,164 - 1,740 1,678 - 1,254 - - - Receptionists............... 3,503 3,090 - 2,296 1,883 - 1,207 1,207 - Order clerks................ 2,500 2,500 - 2,445 2,445 - - - - Library clerks.............. 443 - - - - - - - - Records clerks, N.E.C....... 723 723 - 505 505 - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks.......... 5,570 4,482 1,088 3,957 3,138 820 1,612 1,344 - Billing clerks.............. 1,964 1,964 - 1,964 1,964 - - - - Dispatchers................. 1,473 - - 1,048 - - - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks......... 2,782 2,782 - 2,500 2,500 - - - - Stock and inventory clerks.. 1,267 1,027 - 1,267 1,027 - - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............ 865 865 - 865 865 - - - - Investigators and adjusters except insurance......... 1,622 1,622 - 1,622 1,622 - - - - General office clerks....... 13,030 11,300 1,729 8,751 7,650 1,101 4,278 3,650 - Data entry keyers........... 2,041 1,162 - 2,041 1,162 - - - - Teachers' aides............. 3,574 - 3,574 3,043 - 3,043 530 - 530 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C....... 7,905 6,862 1,043 5,783 5,567 - 2,122 - - White-collar occupations excluding sales............................ 224,904 175,655 49,249 191,270 151,704 39,566 33,634 23,951 9,683 Blue-collar occupations............... 134,825 127,255 7,569 122,497 116,491 6,006 12,327 10,765 1,563 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 41,354 38,239 3,115 40,324 37,209 3,115 - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics......... 1,375 - - 1,375 - - - - - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.................... 2,145 1,338 807 2,145 1,338 807 - - - Supervisors, production occupations.............. 2,620 2,620 - 2,620 2,620 - - - - Tool and die makers......... 1,675 1,675 - 1,675 1,675 - - - - Machinists.................. 1,966 1,769 - 1,966 1,769 - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors....................... 53,561 53,434 - 51,476 51,350 - - - - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C......... 2,426 2,426 - 2,426 2,426 - - - - Molding and casting machine operators................ 1,190 1,190 - 1,190 1,190 - - - - Printing press operators.... 1,263 1,263 - 1,263 1,263 - - - - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C......... 14,693 14,693 - 14,107 14,107 - - - - Assemblers.................. 7,630 7,630 - 6,930 6,930 - - - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners... 6,463 6,463 - 6,463 6,463 - - - - Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11,839 9,168 2,671 9,157 7,654 1,503 2,682 - 1,168 Truck drivers............... 4,794 4,115 679 4,460 3,934 527 - - - Bus drivers................. 4,338 2,638 1,701 2,172 - 809 2,166 - 892 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............ 28,071 26,414 1,656 21,540 20,278 1,262 6,531 6,137 - Production helpers.......... 2,013 2,013 - 2,013 2,013 - - - - Stock handlers and baggers.. 6,731 6,563 - 2,999 2,831 - 3,732 3,732 - Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C.......... 3,517 3,517 - 3,228 3,228 - - - - Garage and service station related occupations...... 2,920 2,920 - - - - - - - Hand packers and packagers.. 1,498 1,498 - 1,050 1,050 - - - - Laborers except construction, N.E.C...... 4,763 3,900 864 3,745 3,276 - - - - Service occupations................... 78,522 60,662 17,860 42,797 28,971 13,825 35,725 31,690 4,035 Protective service occupations 8,282 1,265 7,017 6,797 - 5,984 1,485 - - Police and detectives, public service........... 1,110 - 1,110 1,110 - 1,110 - - - Guards and police except public service........... 2,262 1,125 - 1,177 - - - - - Food service occupations....... 32,456 30,924 1,531 12,365 11,729 636 20,090 19,195 895 Bartenders.................. 3,856 3,856 - - - - - - - Waiters and waitresses...... 5,669 5,669 - - - - 5,432 5,432 - Cooks....................... 6,617 6,400 - 4,651 4,434 - 1,966 1,966 - Food counter, fountain, and related occupations...... 2,649 2,649 - - - - - - - Kitchen workers, food preparation.............. 3,296 3,086 - 1,926 - - 1,370 - - Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants............... 2,089 - - - - - 2,000 - - Food preparation occupations, N.E.C....... 8,012 7,115 897 3,190 2,925 - 4,822 4,190 - Health service occupations.... 15,104 11,545 3,559 10,611 7,524 3,087 4,493 4,020 - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants............... 10,803 9,550 1,253 6,376 5,595 - 4,427 3,954 - Cleaning and building service occupations.................. 11,848 7,665 4,183 7,870 4,283 3,587 3,978 3,382 - Janitors and cleaners....... 11,343 7,253 4,090 7,365 3,872 3,493 3,978 3,382 - Personal services occupations. 10,832 9,262 1,570 5,153 4,622 - 5,679 4,640 1,039 Early childhood teachers' assistants............... 2,779 2,518 - - - - - - - Child care workers, N.E.C... 2,276 1,864 - - - - - - - Service occupations, N.E.C.. 1,429 1,183 - - - - - - - 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 16. Numbers of workers(1) by occupational group and level(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Full-time and part-time Full-time workers Part-time workers workers Occupational group(3) and level All State and All State and All State and indus- Private local indus- Private local indus- Private local tries industry govern- tries industry govern- tries industry govern- ment ment ment White-collar occupations...... 267,382 218,133 49,249 218,646 179,080 39,566 48,736 39,053 9,683 Professional specialty and technical occupations.... 96,975 68,240 28,734 81,437 58,535 22,902 15,538 9,705 5,832 Professional specialty occupations............ 72,500 45,056 27,444 60,662 38,323 22,339 11,837 6,733 5,104 Level 5........... 4,590 1,208 - 1,462 - - - - - Level 6........... 5,988 - 1,320 4,137 3,309 - - - - Level 7........... 7,113 5,540 1,573 5,897 4,364 1,533 1,216 1,176 - Level 8........... 6,516 5,530 986 5,216 4,381 835 1,299 1,149 - Level 9........... 21,871 8,280 13,592 19,320 6,901 12,419 2,551 1,379 1,172 Level 10.......... 3,548 1,754 1,794 3,466 1,672 1,794 - - - Level 11.......... 11,638 7,813 3,825 11,146 7,589 3,557 - - - Level 12.......... 5,963 5,591 - 5,963 5,591 - - - - Level 13.......... 1,599 1,448 - 1,599 1,448 - - - - Level 14.......... 1,175 871 - - - - - - - Engineering occupations. 11,778 11,116 - 11,778 11,116 - - - - Level 9........... 1,940 1,633 - 1,940 1,633 - - - - Level 11.......... 2,484 2,484 - 2,484 2,484 - - - - Level 12.......... 2,969 2,969 - 2,969 2,969 - - - - Registered nurses... 8,801 7,590 1,211 6,260 5,358 - 2,541 2,231 - Level 7........... 1,892 1,892 - - - - - - - Level 8........... 1,936 1,728 - - - - 1,138 - - Level 9........... 1,167 1,074 - - - - - - - Level 10.......... 827 - - 827 - - - - - Level 11.......... 1,203 968 - 1,203 968 - - - - Natural scientists...... 3,443 3,443 - 3,443 3,443 - - - - Level 9........... 1,427 1,427 - 1,427 1,427 - - - - Level 11.......... 803 803 - 803 803 - - - - Teachers................ 25,945 4,980 20,964 20,445 3,539 16,906 5,500 - - Level 6........... 3,730 - 1,059 2,319 - - - - - Level 8........... 1,083 - - 1,083 - - - - - Level 9........... 11,694 - 11,694 10,945 - 10,945 - - - Level 10.......... 1,220 - 1,220 1,220 - 1,220 - - - Level 11.......... 4,123 - 3,193 3,912 - 2,983 - - - Teachers, college and university......... 3,215 - - 1,834 - 874 - - - Level 6........... 1,704 - - 1,358 - - - - - Level 8........... 1,037 - - 1,037 - - - - - Level 9........... 11,589 - 11,589 10,945 - 10,945 - - - Level 10.......... 1,019 - 1,019 1,019 - 1,019 - - - Level 11.......... 3,670 - 2,741 3,670 - 2,741 - - - Technical occupations..... 24,475 23,184 1,291 20,775 20,212 563 3,700 2,972 728 Level 4........... 2,015 1,656 - 1,349 1,291 - 666 - - Level 5........... 2,396 2,086 - 1,116 993 - - - - Level 6........... 3,103 2,810 - 2,688 2,396 - - - - Level 8........... 2,185 2,128 - 2,094 2,037 - - - - Level 9........... 1,020 1,020 - 929 929 - - - - Electrical and electronic technicians...... 3,534 3,502 - 3,534 3,502 - - - - Level 5........... 2,434 1,935 - 2,237 1,935 - - - - Level 6........... 3,030 2,570 - 2,438 2,026 - - - - Level 7........... 4,755 4,435 - 4,676 4,435 - - - - Level 8........... 2,637 2,427 - 2,578 2,368 - - - - Level 9........... 8,164 6,685 1,479 7,490 6,208 1,282 - - - Level 10.......... 2,140 1,731 - 2,140 1,731 - - - - Level 11.......... 4,689 4,277 - 4,274 3,862 - - - - Level 12.......... 3,663 3,278 - 3,590 3,278 - - - - Level 13.......... 4,195 3,319 - 4,195 3,319 - - - - Level 14.......... 2,993 2,704 - 2,993 2,704 - - - - Executives, managers and administrators....... 19,179 17,516 1,663 18,799 17,136 1,663 - - - Level 10.......... 1,464 - - 1,464 - - - - - Level 11.......... 3,377 3,070 - 3,097 2,790 - - - - Level 12.......... 2,313 2,001 - 2,313 2,001 - - - - Level 13.......... 3,003 2,502 - 3,003 2,502 - - - - Level 14.......... 2,993 2,704 - 2,993 2,704 - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C............ 8,397 8,225 - 8,397 8,225 - - - - Level 11.......... 1,460 1,460 - 1,460 1,460 - - - - Level 12.......... 899 832 - 899 832 - - - - Level 13.......... 1,023 - - 1,023 - - - - - Sales occupations........... 42,478 42,478 - 27,376 27,376 - 15,102 15,102 - Level 1........... 4,911 4,911 - - - - 4,165 4,165 - Level 2........... 9,590 9,590 - - - - 6,942 6,942 - Level 3........... 5,100 5,100 - 2,634 2,634 - 2,466 2,466 - Level 4........... 5,994 5,994 - 4,729 4,729 - 1,265 1,265 - Level 5........... 1,933 1,933 - 1,737 1,737 - - - - Level 6........... 2,977 2,977 - 2,977 2,977 - - - - Level 8........... 3,503 3,503 - 3,435 3,435 - - - - Level 11.......... 1,990 1,990 - 1,990 1,990 - - - - Cashiers............ 14,875 14,875 - 5,193 5,193 - 9,682 9,682 - Level 1........... 3,370 3,370 - - - - 2,623 2,623 - Level 2........... 8,782 8,782 - - - - 6,188 6,188 - Administrative support including clerical occupations.............. 83,318 68,211 15,107 67,309 55,459 11,850 16,008 12,752 3,256 Level 1........... 5,578 4,009 1,569 1,915 1,032 - 3,662 2,977 - Level 2........... 12,527 9,392 3,135 8,888 6,413 2,475 3,639 2,979 - Level 3........... 18,278 14,932 3,346 14,934 12,671 2,263 3,343 2,261 1,083 Level 4........... 17,865 14,009 3,856 14,605 11,484 3,122 3,260 2,525 735 Level 5........... 10,977 9,153 1,824 9,863 8,039 1,824 - - - Level 6........... 5,345 4,579 767 5,156 4,389 767 - - - Level 7........... 8,299 7,689 - 8,045 7,529 - - - - Level 8........... 2,707 2,707 - 2,161 2,161 - - - - Secretaries......... 13,436 12,480 956 11,880 11,053 827 1,556 1,427 - Level 4........... 3,157 3,026 - 2,572 2,441 - - - - Level 5........... 2,422 2,272 - 2,422 2,272 - - - - Level 6........... 964 - - 964 - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks.. 5,570 4,482 1,088 3,957 3,138 820 1,612 1,344 - Level 4........... 2,272 1,783 - 1,740 1,426 - - - - Level 5........... 1,613 - - - - - - - - Level 6........... 519 - - - - - - - - General office clerks........... 13,030 11,300 1,729 8,751 7,650 1,101 4,278 3,650 - Level 2........... 3,393 2,853 - 1,705 1,363 - - - - Level 3........... 3,046 2,567 - 2,065 1,869 - - - - Level 4........... 3,367 2,898 - 2,832 2,443 - - - - White-collar occupations excluding sales.......... 224,904 175,655 49,249 191,270 151,704 39,566 33,634 23,951 9,683 Level 1........... 5,578 4,009 1,569 1,915 1,032 - 3,662 2,977 - Level 2........... 12,527 9,392 3,135 8,888 6,413 2,475 3,639 2,979 - Level 3........... 18,893 15,547 3,346 14,934 12,671 2,263 3,958 2,876 1,083 Level 4........... 19,880 15,665 4,215 15,954 12,775 3,179 3,926 2,890 1,036 Level 5........... 20,397 14,382 6,015 14,678 11,788 2,890 5,719 2,594 - Level 6........... 17,466 14,627 2,839 14,419 12,120 2,299 3,047 2,507 540 Level 7........... 30,974 28,199 2,774 28,564 26,242 2,322 2,410 1,958 - Level 8........... 14,045 12,792 1,253 12,050 10,947 1,103 1,995 1,845 - Level 9........... 31,054 15,984 15,070 27,739 14,037 13,701 3,316 1,947 1,369 Level 10.......... 6,760 4,557 2,203 6,678 4,475 2,203 - - - Level 11.......... 17,790 13,553 4,236 16,883 12,915 3,969 906 - - Level 12.......... 10,217 9,461 757 9,849 9,165 684 - - - Level 13.......... 5,795 4,767 1,027 5,795 4,767 1,027 - - - Level 14.......... 4,168 3,575 593 3,638 3,212 426 - - - Level 15.......... 1,181 1,113 - 1,181 1,113 - - - - Blue-collar occupations....... 134,825 127,255 7,569 122,497 116,491 6,006 12,327 10,765 1,563 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations... 41,354 38,239 3,115 40,324 37,209 3,115 - - - Level 3........... 2,420 2,222 - 1,877 1,680 - - - - Level 4........... 4,509 4,342 - 4,509 4,342 - - - - Level 5........... 6,843 6,601 - 6,843 6,601 - - - - Level 6........... 1,792 1,531 - 1,792 1,531 - - - - Level 7........... 10,111 8,783 1,328 9,779 8,451 1,328 - - - Level 8........... 5,377 4,766 - 5,377 4,766 - - - - Level 9........... 2,155 1,848 - 1,999 1,692 - - - - Level 10.......... 1,437 1,437 - 1,437 1,437 - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............... 53,561 53,434 - 51,476 51,350 - - - - Level 1........... 4,558 4,558 - 4,030 4,030 - - - - Level 2........... 13,873 13,811 - 13,658 13,597 - - - - Level 3........... 7,806 7,806 - 6,464 6,464 - - - - Level 4........... 12,296 12,296 - 12,296 12,296 - - - - Level 6........... 1,638 1,638 - 1,638 1,638 - - - - Level 7........... 3,238 3,238 - 3,238 3,238 - - - - Transportation and material moving occupations....... 11,839 9,168 2,671 9,157 7,654 1,503 2,682 - 1,168 Level 2........... 2,741 2,122 619 2,441 - - - - - Level 3........... 3,590 3,034 - 1,963 1,731 - - - - Level 4........... 2,056 1,116 940 1,806 - 816 - - - Truck drivers....... 4,794 4,115 679 4,460 3,934 527 - - - Level 2........... 1,868 - - 1,716 - - - - - Level 3........... 1,123 - - 1,068 - - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................. 28,071 26,414 1,656 21,540 20,278 1,262 6,531 6,137 - Level 1........... 8,896 8,098 799 4,993 4,589 - 3,903 3,509 - Level 2........... 8,202 7,846 - 6,503 6,147 - - - - Level 3........... 7,175 6,916 - 6,247 5,988 - - - - Service occupations........... 78,522 60,662 17,860 42,797 28,971 13,825 35,725 31,690 4,035 Level 1........... 23,582 19,748 3,834 9,102 6,619 - 14,480 13,129 1,351 Level 2........... 15,835 11,605 4,230 9,171 6,998 - 6,664 4,607 2,057 Level 3........... 20,270 18,321 1,949 9,134 7,576 1,557 11,136 10,745 - Level 4........... 4,996 4,113 883 3,478 2,830 - 1,519 1,283 - Level 5........... 5,851 4,842 1,009 4,270 3,261 1,009 - - - Level 6........... 3,831 - - 3,765 - - - - - Level 7........... 2,087 - 1,451 2,087 - 1,451 - - - Protective service occupations.......... 8,282 1,265 7,017 6,797 - 5,984 1,485 - - Level 7........... 1,386 - 1,386 1,386 - 1,386 - - - Food service occupations.......... 32,456 30,924 1,531 12,365 11,729 636 20,090 19,195 895 Level 1........... 13,276 12,666 610 4,374 4,146 - 8,902 8,520 - Level 2........... 4,018 3,481 - 1,398 - - 2,621 2,169 - Level 3........... 10,686 10,553 - 3,432 3,360 - 7,254 7,192 - Level 5........... 1,910 - - - - - - - - Health service occupations.......... 15,104 11,545 3,559 10,611 7,524 3,087 4,493 4,020 - Level 2........... 6,116 4,151 - 4,929 3,310 - 1,187 - - Level 3........... 5,493 4,762 - 2,761 2,093 - 2,732 2,669 - Level 4........... 1,871 1,537 - 1,427 - - - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants....... 10,803 9,550 1,253 6,376 5,595 - 4,427 3,954 - Level 2........... 3,349 2,722 - 2,161 1,881 - 1,187 - - Level 3........... 5,261 4,698 - 2,529 2,029 - 2,732 2,669 - Level 4........... 1,185 1,185 - - - - - - - Cleaning and building service occupations.. 11,848 7,665 4,183 7,870 4,283 3,587 3,978 3,382 - Level 1........... 7,032 4,322 - 3,676 1,420 - 3,357 2,902 - Level 2........... 1,696 1,227 - 1,405 1,008 - - - - Level 3........... 1,962 1,272 690 1,652 - 620 - - - Janitors and cleaners......... 11,343 7,253 4,090 7,365 3,872 3,493 3,978 3,382 - Level 1........... 7,032 4,322 - 3,676 1,420 - 3,357 2,902 - Level 2........... 1,602 1,227 - 1,311 1,008 - - - - Level 3........... 1,962 1,272 690 1,652 - 620 - - - Personal services occupations.......... 10,832 9,262 1,570 5,153 4,622 - 5,679 4,640 1,039 Level 1........... 2,685 2,234 - - - - 2,158 1,707 - Level 2........... 2,681 2,194 - - - - 1,653 - - Level 4........... 904 - - - - - - - - 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation's ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table 17. Number of workers(1) by occupational group and selected characteristic, all industries, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Occupational group(2) Union(3) Nonunion- Full-time Part-time Time(4) Incen- (3) workers workers tive(4) All workers............................. 99,788 380,940 383,940 96,788 453,309 27,420 All workers excluding sales......... 99,018 339,232 356,564 81,686 422,781 15,469 White-collar occupations............ 39,611 227,770 218,646 48,736 246,852 20,529 Professional specialty and technical occupations.......... 24,540 72,434 81,437 15,538 96,587 - Professional specialty occupations.................. 23,021 49,479 60,662 11,837 72,112 - Technical occupations........... 1,519 22,956 20,775 3,700 24,475 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations......... 2,440 42,171 42,524 2,088 41,769 - Sales occupations................. - 41,708 27,376 15,102 30,528 11,950 Administrative support including clerical occupations........... 11,861 71,457 67,309 16,008 77,969 5,348 White-collar excluding sales...... 38,841 186,063 191,270 33,634 216,325 8,579 Blue-collar occupations............. 43,287 91,538 122,497 12,327 129,214 5,610 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............. 13,628 27,726 40,324 - 39,581 - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 21,214 32,347 51,476 - 51,549 - Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 3,712 8,127 9,157 2,682 11,839 - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.......... 4,733 23,338 21,540 6,531 26,245 - Service occupations................. 16,890 61,632 42,797 35,725 77,242 - 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational 'groups. 3 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 4 Time workers wages are based solely on hourly or weekly rates; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. Table 18. Number of workers(1) by occupational group, private industry, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 Goods-producing Service-producing industries(4) industries(3) All pri- Trans- Fin- Occupational group(2) vate port- Whole- ance, industries Con- Manu- ation sale insur- Serv- Total struc- fac- Total and and ance, ices tion turing public retail and util- trade real ities estate All workers........................ 406,050 137,424 10,202 126,787 268,626 11,371 110,775 22,063 124,417 All workers excluding sales.... 363,572 135,347 9,844 125,067 228,225 10,106 79,070 18,811 120,238 White-collar occupations....... 218,133 53,930 3,486 50,408 164,202 6,648 62,577 19,614 75,363 Professional specialty and technical occupations..... 68,240 20,086 - 20,049 48,155 - - - 37,532 Professional specialty occupations............. 45,056 14,210 - 14,174 30,846 - 1,068 - 28,205 Technical occupations...... 23,184 5,876 - 5,876 17,309 - - - 9,328 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations 39,203 16,184 1,897 14,287 23,019 - 5,211 3,225 13,042 Sales occupations............ 42,478 2,077 - 1,720 40,400 - 31,705 3,251 4,179 Administrative support including clerical occupations............... 68,211 15,583 - 14,352 52,628 3,042 16,897 12,080 20,610 White-collar excluding sales. 175,655 51,853 3,128 48,689 123,802 5,383 30,872 16,363 71,184 Blue-collar occupations........ 127,255 81,801 6,716 74,685 45,455 4,711 22,128 - 18,161 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 38,239 21,444 3,053 18,100 16,796 2,991 8,877 - 4,472 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors 53,434 46,498 - 46,498 6,936 - - - 6,540 Transportation and material moving occupations........ 9,168 2,912 - 2,584 6,255 - 2,734 - 2,768 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.... 26,414 10,946 - 7,502 15,468 - 10,121 - 4,381 Service occupations............ 60,662 1,693 - 1,693 58,969 - 26,071 - 30,893 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 4 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Table 19. Number of workers(1) by occupational group, private industry by establishment employment size, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 100 workers or more Occupational group(2) All 1 - 99 workers workers 100 - 499 500 Total workers workers or more All workers............................. 406,050 175,513 230,537 118,996 111,541 All workers excluding sales......... 363,572 144,130 219,442 109,690 109,751 White-collar occupations............ 218,133 94,022 124,111 68,207 55,904 Professional specialty and technical occupations.......... 68,240 15,077 53,164 25,693 27,471 Professional specialty occupations.................. 45,056 11,039 34,018 13,830 20,187 Technical occupations........... 23,184 4,038 19,146 11,863 7,284 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations......... 39,203 16,731 22,472 10,735 11,738 Sales occupations................. 42,478 31,383 11,095 9,306 1,790 Administrative support including clerical occupations........... 68,211 30,832 37,379 22,473 14,906 White-collar excluding sales...... 175,655 62,639 113,016 58,901 54,115 Blue-collar occupations............. 127,255 42,942 84,313 38,775 45,538 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............. 38,239 11,688 26,551 12,976 13,575 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 53,434 12,321 41,113 15,965 25,149 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 9,168 5,669 3,498 1,872 1,626 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.......... 26,414 13,264 13,150 7,962 5,188 Service occupations................. 60,662 38,549 22,113 12,014 10,099 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. Table A1. Number of establishments studied by industry group and employment size, Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 100 workers or more 1 - 99 Industry All workers workers Total 100 - 499 500 workers workers or more All industries.......................... 268 126 142 77 65 Private industry..................... 223 123 100 63 37 Goods-producing industries........ 68 25 43 24 19 Manufacturing.................. 60 19 41 22 19 Mining......................... 1 - 1 1 - Construction................... 7 6 1 1 - Service-producing industries...... 155 98 57 39 18 Tranportation and public utilities................... 9 4 5 4 1 Wholesale and retail trade..... 58 50 8 8 - Finance, insurance and real estate...................... 15 8 7 6 1 Services....................... 73 36 37 21 16 State and local government........... 45 3 42 14 28 Table A2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, all workers(2), Rochester, NY, June - July 1996 All State and Occupation(3) indus- Private local tries industry govern- ment All workers............................. 2.4% 2.8% 3.6% All workers excluding sales........... 2.4 2.7 3.6 White-collar occupations.............. 3.2 3.7 3.9 Professional specialty and technical occupations...................... 4.4 5.2 3.6 Professional specialty occupations 3.1 4.5 3.4 Engineering occupations........ 4.2 4.4 - Engineers, N.E.C............ 3.9 4.1 - Computer systems analysts and scientists........... 6.4 6.4 - Registered nurses........... 2.3 2.7 - Teachers........................ 3.9 - 3.3 Teachers, except college and university................. 4.4 - 3.5 Elementary school teachers.. 7.3 - 5.4 Secondary school teachers... 5.9 - 4.1 Teachers, special education. 6.9 - - Teachers, N.E.C............. 8.4 - - Social workers.............. 5.4 - - Technical occupations............. 4.4 4.7 - Licensed practical nurses... 10.1 - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations........... 5.5 6.1 8.9 Managers, service organizations, N.E.C..... 12.7 - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.................... 7.1 7.2 - Accountants and auditors.... 7.7 8.3 - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists.............. 5.9 6.2 - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C............ 6.4 6.5 - Management related occupations, N.E.C....... 10.3 10.9 - Sales occupations................... 9.2 9.2 - Supervisors, sales occupations.............. 11.1 11.1 - Sales workers, other commodities.............. 14.4 14.4 - Cashiers.................... 8.3 8.3 - Administrative support including clerical occupations............. 2.4 2.5 6.8 Secretaries................. 3.2 3.7 - Typists..................... 3.2 - - Receptionists............... 5.3 4.4 - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks.......... 3.8 4.1 - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks......... 6.0% 6.0% - General office clerks....... 4.1 4.6 - Teachers' aides............. 3.4 - 3.4% Administrative support occupations, N.E.C....... 5.4 5.4 - White-collar occupations excluding sales............................ 3.2 3.8 3.9 Blue-collar occupations............... 2.7 2.8 3.3 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 3.6 3.9 - Supervisors, production occupations.............. 8.3 8.3 - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors....................... 4.4 4.4 - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C......... 6.6 6.6 - Assemblers.................. 6.8 6.8 - Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 5.9 7.3 4.5 Truck drivers............... 4.7 4.5 - Bus drivers................. 12.7 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............ 5.1 5.4 - Stock handlers and baggers.. 7.7 7.4 - Laborers except construction, N.E.C...... 12.0 14.3 - Service occupations................... 3.6 3.2 5.2 Protective service occupations 5.6 - - Food service occupations....... 5.5 5.8 8.3 Waiters and waitresses...... 23.1 23.1 - Cooks....................... 10.4 10.8 - Food preparation occupations, N.E.C....... 4.7 4.9 - Health service occupations.... 3.5 2.6 - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants............... 2.2 2.5 - Cleaning and building service occupations.................. 4.6 7.0 5.8 Janitors and cleaners....... 4.5 6.3 6.1 Personal services occupations. 8.3 5.6 - 1 The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. See the technical note for a complete listing of occupations.