Bioinformatics
and Computational Biology |
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Bioinformatics
Applications in the general area of complex biological systems to
create or maintain databases, develop or use methods to mine data
in these databases, or use methods commonly associated with bioinformatics
to deduce information about biological systems and molecules. Excludes
applications related to structural genomics, protein structure
and population biology. |
Contact:
C. John Whitmarsh, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-451-6446
E-mail: whitmarj@nigms.nih.gov
Peter Lyster, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-451-6446
E-mail: lysterp@nigms.nih.gov
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Centers
-- Complex Biological Systems Not Related to Trauma and Burn
Center grant applications in the area of complex biological systems
not related to burn and trauma. |
Contact:
James J. Anderson, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-451-6446
E-mail: andersoj@nigms.nih.gov
C. John Whitmarsh, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-451-6446
E-mail: whitmarj@nigms.nih.gov
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Centers
-- Complex Biological Systems Related to Trauma and Burn
Center grant applications in the area of complex biological systems
for burn and trauma. |
Contact:
Scott D. Somers, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: somerss@nigms.nih.gov |
Modeling
Applications that propose to develop or use modeling techniques
to answer questions in complex biological systems. |
Contact:
James J. Anderson, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-451-6446
E-mail: andersoj@nigms.nih.gov
Peter Lyster, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-451-6446
E-mail: lysterp@nigms.nih.gov |
Cell
Biology and Biophysics |
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Biophysical
Properties of Nucleic Acids
Research involving the application of physical principles to the study of nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid complexes. Areas of research include: physical and chemical studies on the structure of nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid complexes; analysis of protein-nucleic acid interactions and assembly mechanisms; ligand-nucleic acid interactions; development of physical, chemical and theoretical/computational techniques for the analysis of nucleic acids and their complexes. |
Contact:
Peter C. Preusch, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: preuschp@nigms.nih.gov |
Biophysical
Properties of Proteins
Biophysical studies of protein structure and stability in which the goal is to elucidate general principles. Physical and thermodynamic basis for native structure, protein-protein interactions and protein-ligand recognition. Protein de novo design and engineering. |
Contacts:
Ravi Basavappa, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: basavapr@nigms.nih.gov
Ward Smith, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: smithwar@nigms.nih.gov
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Diffraction
Analysis of Biological Macromolecules
Structural studies of protein and macromolecular assemblies utilizing X-ray crystallography and related methods. Emphasis is on analysis of complex or technically difficult structures. Development of new or improved methods for diffraction analysis such as instrumentation, experimental techniques and data analysis. Development of better methods for crystallization. |
Contact:
Paula Flicker, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: flickerp@nigms.nih.gov |
Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Biological Macromolecules
Studies of proteins, nucleic acids, peptides and related biological macromolecules where the emphasis is on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance; development of techniques for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. |
Contact:
Janna P. Wehrle, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: wehrlej@nigms.nih.gov |
Protein
Folding and Dynamics
Studies of protein folding, in vivo and in vitro, in which the goal is to elucidate general principles. Protein folding mechanisms and kinetics. The role of molecular chaperones in facilitating folding. The role of structural mobility in protein function, folding and allosteric control. |
Contact:
Janna P. Wehrle, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: wehrlej@nigms.nih.gov |
SBIR/STTR Program in Cell Biology and Biophysics
This portfolio represents the residue of SBIR/STTR projects which are of general interest to the Cell Biology and Biophysics Division but which are not distributed to other program directors and portfolios within the Division on the basis of their specific scientific relevance. These projects do not represent a coherent group beyond their general pertinence to basic science issues and broad applicability of the proposed developments. |
Contact:
Charles Edmonds, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: edmondsc@nigms.nih.gov |
Single
Molecule Biophysics and Nanoscience
Research on, and development of, new and improved instruments, methods and technologies for nanoscience, and for the analysis of single protein and nucleic acid molecules and their complexes in vivo and in vitro. Current approaches include optical and fluorescent spectroscopies, scanning probe microscopy and biomechanical techniques to analyze the behavior and heterogeneity of single molecules and subcellular structures at the nanometer scale. Examples of targets for study include protein or RNA folding, enzyme catalysis, signaling, molecular machines and the assembly and dynamics of complex cellular structures. A major goal is to develop and enhance existing methods and reagents for the 3-D visualization of cellular processes in living cells in real time at high resolution. |
Contact:
Catherine D. Lewis, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: lewisc@nigms.nih.gov |
Structure-Based
Drug Design Related to AIDS
Interdisciplinary program projects, involving structural biologists, synthetic organic chemists, theoreticians and virologists whose purpose is to develop anti-AIDS drugs using structure-based drug design. |
Contact:
Ravi Basavappa, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: basavapr@nigms.nih.gov |
Theoretical
Studies of Protein Folding, Association and Aggregation
Includes theoretical and computationally based studies on protein folding pathways and mechanisms leading both native and non-native protein conformational states, protein-protein associations leading to protein aggregates and precipitates (e.g., amyloid formation), and protein-protein complex formation leading to supramolecular complexes. Includes prediction of protein structures from sequence, homology modeling based on known protein structures, recognition of protein folds. |
Contact:
Janna P. Wehrle, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: wehrlej@nigms.nih.gov |
Theoretical
Studies of Protein Ligand Interactions
Includes theoretical and computationally based studies on the basic molecular forces and effects that drive molecular interactions (electrostatics, hydrogen bonding hydration effects), applications of these forces to the docking of small molecules with proteins (including studies of protein and ligand conformational dynamics), and details of the active site interactions as examined by quantum mechanics, molecular dynamics and related methods. Non-AIDS related structure-based drug design. |
Contact:
Peter C. Preusch, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: preuschp@nigms.nih.gov
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Viral
Attachment, Assembly, Fusion and Budding
Research involving the application of physical principles to the study of viral attachment, assembly, fusion and budding. Areas of research include: analysis of virus-host interactions; phage and viral packaging; the structure and mechanism of assemblies from viral and host components; and the determination of factors and energetics that regulate protein-nucleic acid interactions necessary for virion entry, packaging, maturation and release. |
Contact:
Ravi Basavappa, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: basavapr@nigms.nih.gov |
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Cell
Attachment, Extracellular Matrix and Signaling
Molecular biology and cell biology of cell attachment and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The structural biology of related signaling processes. Cell surface proteins mediating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Composition, structure, assembly, remodeling and function of the ECM. Structural biology of signaling associated with cell attachment, chemokines, receptor protein kinases and adapter proteins. |
Contact:
Paula Flicker, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: flickerp@nigms.nih.gov |
Cell
Organization, Motility and Division
Spatial organization in cells, non-muscle motility and the regulation of cell division. Structure and function of the cytoskeleton. Molecular motors, mechanisms of motility and chemotaxis. Structural and dynamic aspects of mitosis and meiosis, spindle structure and assembly, chromosome attachment and movement. |
Contact:
James F. Deatherage, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: deatherj@nigms.nih.gov |
Membrane Structure, Transport and Lipid Metabolism
All aspects of membrane structure including the nature of bilayers, membrane protein-lipid interactions and membrane transport. The cell biology and biophysics of membrane lipids, lipid structure and function, lipid interactions, and lipid and membrane mediators of signal transduction. |
Contact:
Jean Chin, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: chinj@nigms.nih.gov |
Membrane
Synthesis and Function
All aspects of membrane synthesis including membrane development and maintenance. Function includes membrane turnover, passive transport, membrane receptors, endocytosis, protein targeting. |
Contact:
Bert Shapiro, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: shapirob@nigms.nih.gov |
Microscopy
of Molecules and Cells
Analysis of the structures of cells, supramolecular assemblies and macromolecules by microscopy. Applications and technology development of microscopy at the atomic through cellular levels. High resolution electron microscopy, cellular tomography, light microscopy (including three-dimensional methods), X-ray microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and other microscopic methods for visualizing cellular and molecular structure. Development of reagents, instrumentation and software related to the above for basic research on cellular and molecular structure and function. |
Contacts:
James F. Deatherage, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: deatherj@nigms.nih.gov
Paula Flicker, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: flickerp@nigms.nih.gov
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Motors,
Filaments and Transport
Cytoskeletal filaments and their interactions with molecular motors. Organization and dynamics of the cytoskeleton during mitosis, meiosis and cytokinesis. Structure, function and assembly of cilia and flagella. Establishment and maintenance of cell polarity. Organelle organization and transport within cells. Bacterial motility.
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Contact:
James Deatherage, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: deatherj@nigms.nih.gov
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Structural
Genomics and Proteomics Technology |
Proteomics
Research
Studies of basic biology and biochemistry within the general sphere of interest of the Institute which is based on genomic data combined with information on the complete complement of proteins present in the system under investigation. |
Contact:
Charles G. Edmonds, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: edmondsc@nigms.nih.gov |
Proteomics
Technology and Methodology Development
Development of scalable methods for the evaluation of the complete complement of proteins present in a system of biological interest. Information of interest includes protein identity, relative and absolute abundance, the identity of partners in protein-protein and other interactions and the localization of the proteins in space and time. Technical approaches may include but are not limited to protein separations in conventional and miniature formats, protein mass spectrometry and protein interaction array methods. |
Contact:
Charles G. Edmonds, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: edmondsc@nigms.nih.gov |
Structural
Genomics Large-Scale Centers
Large-scale research centers will perform all the tasks of the structural genomics pipeline in high-throughput operation. These centers will produce a large number of unique protein structures by X-ray crystallography and/or NMR in order to meet PSI-2 goals for structural coverage of sequenced genes. |
Contact:
Peter C. Preusch, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: preuschp@nigms.nih.gov
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Structural
Genomics Pilot Centers Projects
High-throughput research centers that serve as pilots to examine the best approach for developing subsequent integrated, large-scale research networks in structural genomics. These research centers should include all the constituent tasks of structural genomics and should lead to large-scale high throughput structure determination by X-ray crystallography and/or NMR of these challenging proteins. |
Contact:
Peter C. Preusch, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: preuschp@nigms.nih.gov
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Structural
Genomics Research
Studies of protein structures and protein structural families involved in a biological system or process within the general sphere of interest of the Institute. Protein studies should include the bioinformatics of structural selection and protein family classification, high throughput protein structure determination, the analysis of protein structures based on a genomic perspective and methods development in comparative homology modeling in support of structural genomics. |
Contact:
Ward Smith, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: smithwar@nigms.nih.gov
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Structural
Genomics Resources
Various resources are important to the Protein Structure Initiative (PSI). This includes databases and repositories that make products from the PSI centers available to the scientific community. |
Contact:
Peter C. Preusch, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: preuschp@nigms.nih.gov
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Structural
Genomics Specialized Centers
Specialized research centers will focus on challenging proteins that are not currently amenable to high throughput and therefore represent major bottlenecks to the structural genomics pipeline. These research centers will include all the constituent tasks of structural genomics and will develop methods and technologies for protein production and structure determination that will lead to high throughput operation. |
Contact:
Peter C. Preusch, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: preuschp@nigms.nih.gov
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Structural
Genomics Technology and Methodology Development
Development of scalable methods for the evaluation of the complete complement of proteins present in a system of biological interest. Information of interest includes protein identity, relative and absolute abundance, the identity of partners in protein-protein and other interactions and the localization of the proteins in space and time. Technical approaches may include, but are not limited to, protein separations in conventional and miniature formats, protein mass spectrometry and protein interaction array methods. |
Contact:
Charles G. Edmonds, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0828
E-mail: edmondsc@nigms.nih.gov |
Genetics
and Developmental Biology |
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Developmental
and Cellular Processes |
Cell
Cycle and Cell Death
Control of cell cycle progression and programmed cell death (apoptosis). Cell cycle areas include: genetic and molecular regulation and function of cell cycle checkpoints and components of the cell cycle, including: cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), inhibitors, activators and tumor suppressors; synthesis, post-translational modification and degradation of the cell cycle machinery; temporal and spatial regulation of the cell cycle. Cell death areas include: studies on the molecular, genetic, spatial and temporal regulation of programmed cell death and apoptosis signaling pathways, including caspases, mitochondrial release of cell death regulators, such as cytochrome c, structure and function of the apoptosome, effectors of cell death. |
Contact:
Marion M. Zatz, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: zatzm@nigms.nih.gov |
Chromosomes and Epigenetics
Higher order chromosome architecture, including specialized structures such as telomeres and centromeres; structure and function of chromatin and large protein-DNA complexes, including interactions of DNA with nonhistone proteins; epigenetic factors influencing gene expression such as histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, heterochromatin formation, position effects, imprinting, X-inactivation, gene silencing. |
Contact:
Anthony Carter, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: cartera@nigms.nih.gov |
Developmental
Genetics
Regulation of development in multicellular organisms. Areas include: genetic and molecular regulation of embryonic pattern formation, developmental signaling pathways, tissue induction, cell fate determination and cell and tissue polarity; spatial and temporal localization of developmental determinants; regulation of cell movements in embryogenesis and morphogenesis; germ cell formation and development; sex determination; regulatory networks controlling developmental pathways. |
Contact:
Susan Haynes, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: hayness@nigms.nih.gov |
Ethical,
Legal and Social Issues in Genetics
Ethical, legal and social issues in genetics, especially as they relate to the use of stored human tissues for research and to studies on ethnically identifiable populations. |
Contact:
Richard A. Anderson, M.D., Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: andersor@nigms.nih.gov |
Eukaryotic Cell Growth, Differentiation and Adaptation
Specification and integration of regulatory pathway elements responding to growth factors and hormones; internal and environmental agents and stressors such as temperature, oxygen, metals and toxins; to metabolic requirements; and to signals for differentiation. Emphasis is on principles determining signaling pathway dynamics and network organization. Approaches include the incorporation of unique genomic tools and computation modeling, where such models are focused on gene regulatory networks. |
Contact:
Richard A. Anderson, M.D., Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: andersor@nigms.nih.gov |
Genetic
Basis of Human Biology
Genetic and environmental factors that influence the development of complex human phenotypes; statistical methods for analysis of genetic variation influencing human phenotypes; investigations of genetic mechanisms that determine phenotype in human subjects evaluated at the cellular, tissues, organ system or clinical level; genetic studies employing eukaryotic model organisms when the projects are explicitly relevant to a human process or phenotype; development of genetic and genomic techniques specific to investigations of human material. |
Contact:
Donna Krasnewich, M.D., Ph.D.
Phone: (301) 594-0943
E-mail: dkras@nigms.nih.gov
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Genetics of Symbiotic Relationships
Genetics of physiological interchanges among dissimilar organisms, including commensal, mutualistic and parasitic relationships, where model systems are used to elucidate general principles. Also includes the regulatory processes governing community structure and function, including the regulation and organization of biofilms. |
Contact:
James J. Anderson, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: andersoj@nigms.nih.gov |
Neurogenetics
and the Genetics of Behavior
Genetic, molecular and/or genomic characterization of simple and complex behaviors in non-human model systems, where the focus is on neural function rather than neural development. Genetic, molecular and/or genomic characterization of circadian rhythms, sleep and related phenomena in non-human systems, with an emphasis on invertebrates, plants, fungi and bacteria. |
Contact:
Laurie Tompkins, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: tompkinl@nigms.nih.gov |
Prokaryotic Cell Growth, Differentiation and Adaptation
Specification and integration of regulatory pathway elements responding to internal and environmental agents and stressors such as temperature, osmotic changes, oxygen deprivation and toxicity; to metabolic requirements; to signals for differentiation, including agents of intercellular communication. Emphasis is on principles determining signaling pathway dynamics and network organization. Approaches include the incorporation of genomics and computation modeling, where such models are focused on gene regulatory networks. |
Contact:
James J. Anderson, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: andersoj@nigms.nih.gov |
Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration
Studies on the fundamental properties of adult, germline and embryonic stem cells and on the regulation of tissue and organ regeneration. Stem cell areas include: molecular, cellular, genetic and epigenetic properties of stem cells; nuclear re-programming of somatic cells, including induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS); signaling pathways in stem cell differentiation; role of stem cell niches and microenvironments in stem cell differentiation. Regeneration areas include genetic, molecular and/or genomic regulation of tissue and organ regeneration in non-human model systems, including plants. |
Contacts:
Susan Haynes, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: hayness@nigms.nih.gov
Marion M. Zatz, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: zatzm@nigms.nih.gov |
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DNA
Repair and Mutagenesis
Enzymes and mechanisms of DNA repair; mechanisms of action of mutagens and carcinogens; genetics and biochemistry of mutation; interactions of mutagens with nucleic acids. |
Contact:
Matthew Portnoy, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: mportnoy@nigms.nih.gov |
DNA Replication
Enzymes and mechanisms of DNA replication; regulation of DNA replication; mechanisms of reverse transcription; RNA replication. |
Contact:
Matthew Portnoy, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: mportnoy@nigms.nih.gov |
Population
Genetics and Evolution
Genetics of natural and laboratory populations; analysis of genetic variation in complex traits in humans and model organisms; evolutionary principles of living systems, including chromosome evolution, phenotypic evolution and speciation; evolution of development; co-adapting systems such as host-pathogen evolution; statistical methods and mathematical models for evolutionary and population genetic analysis. |
Contact:
Irene A. Eckstrand, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: eckstrai@nigms.nih.gov |
Protein
Synthesis
Protein synthesis as a process, including initiation, elongation and termination; synthesis, structure and function of all biochemical components of the translation system, namely tRNA, rRNA, ribosomal proteins and initiation and termination factors; structure, function and metabolism of cytoplasmic mRNA; control of gene expression at the level of translation, including RNA editing, mRNA stability and nonsense-mediated decay. |
Contact:
Michael Bender, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: mbender@nigms.nih.gov
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Recombination
Regulation of recombination including meiotic and mitotic chromosome pairing and synapsis; mechanism and control of special types of gene rearrangements, including site specific integration and excision of viruses, transposable elements and other episomes; insertion sequences and other specialized regions of recombination involved in gene transposition; ploidy variation; recombination in the context of genetic engineering. |
Contact:
Matthew Portnoy, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: mportnoy@nigms.nih.gov |
RNA Processing and Non-Coding RNAs
Splicing of all species of RNA following completion of transcription and prior to translational events in the cytoplasm; processing of RNA, including methylation, capping and polyadenylation; mechanism and regulation of alternative splicing and trans-splicing; formation, structure, function and regulation of spliceosomal precursors and components; mechanism and regulation of self-splicing; mechanisms of production and regulation of siRNAs, microRNAs and related non-coding RNAs; intranuclear transport of RNA. |
Contact:
Michael Bender, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: mbender@nigms.nih.gov
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Transcription
Mechanisms
Genetic, biochemical, biophysical and structural characterization of the macromolecular interactions that mediate DNA-dependent RNA transcription; genomics- and expression-based strategies for identifying, on a global basis, molecules and sequences involved in regulating transcription; development of reagents and techniques for visualizing or manipulating transcription. |
Contact:
Laurie Tompkins, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-0943
E-mail: tompkinl@nigms.nih.gov |
Pharmacology,
Physiology, and Biological Chemistry |
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Biochemistry
and Biorelated Chemistry |
Bioenergetics
Topics include: structure, mechanisms, assembly and regulation of the energy transducing enzymes of mitochondria, chloroplasts and microorganisms -- electron transport, photosynthesis, H+-coupled ATPases, including vacuolar and outer membrane H+-ATPases; related metabolism, including biogenesis of cofactors and substrate transport; metabolic diseases arising from dysfunction of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. |
Contact:
Vernon Anderson, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: andersonve@nigms.nih.gov
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Bioinorganic
Chemistry
Studies of the structural and functional role of metal ions in biological systems, particularly those of metalloenzyme structure and function, mechanisms of action, and inhibition. The design and preparation of structural/functional models of metal sites in proteins and comparisons of those models with the native proteins. Metal ion homeostasis, including pathways of cellular uptake and sub-cellular transport, sensors of metal ion concentrations and the role of metals as sensors and effectors in regulation of metabolism. Interactions of metal ions and metal-containing drugs with nucleic acids. |
Contacts:
Miles A. Fabian, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: fabianm@mail.nih.gov
Vernon Anderson, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: andersonve@nigms.nih.gov
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Bioorganic
and Medicinal Chemistry
The design, synthesis and testing of novel molecules that modulate biochemical processes of potential clinical relevance. The synthesis and study of molecular probes, polymers, molecular assemblies and nanostructured materials of potential use in biological systems and medicine. Discovery and invention of mimics of macromolecular function and natural processes based on extrapolation from biological examples. Elucidation of inter- and intramolecular noncovalently controlled phenomena of chemical and biological relevance. |
Contact:
Miles A. Fabian, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: fabianm@mail.nih.gov |
Biotechnology
The development of potentially useful biochemical and chemical agents and processes that are derived from living cells or their components. Research in metabolic engineering that is directed toward establishing in vivo means of producing useful biological materials (polyketides, for example) or toward an expanded understanding of metabolic processes. Studies of the biosynthetic pathway for natural products. |
Contact:
Warren C. Jones, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: jonesw@nigms.nih.gov |
Enzyme
Catalysis and Regulation
The molecular basis of the catalytic and regulatory properties of enzymes, including those involved in the modification of macromolecules; biochemical intermediates produced in catalytic processes; the regulation, coordination or modification of primary and secondary metabolite production. |
Contacts:
Warren C. Jones, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: jonesw@nigms.nih.gov
Richard Ikeda, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: ikedar@nigms.nih.gov
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Glycoconjugates
Structure, function and metabolism (synthesis, modification, degradation) of carbohydrate-containing macromolecules especially where the emphasis is directed toward the carbohydrate portion of the molecule. The focus of investigations may range from glycoproteins and glycolipids to simple/complex polysaccharides of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic origin, and includes plant lectins. |
Contact:
Pamela Marino, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: marinop@nigms.nih.gov |
Redox
Biochemistry
Topics include structure and function of enzymes catalyzing oxidation-reduction reactions involving, e.g., flavin, heme, non-heme iron, copper and quinone cofactors, oxidases, oxygenases, hydroxylases, dehydrogenases, etc., except those directly involved in bioenergetics (see P253). Topics also include regulation of cellular redox balance, oxidative stress and detoxification of reactive oxygen species, nitrosative stress and protection from reactive nitrogen species. |
Contact:
Vernon Anderson, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: andersonve@nigms.nih.gov
|
Synthesis
and Methodology
Studies that advance the practice of organic synthesis through invention of new strategies for the construction of complex molecules; fundamental studies of chemical structure and reactivity; and the invention of new reagents, catalysts and reaction protocols. The development of enabling methodologies related to chemical diversity libraries (including library design, synthesis and validation) is included. Also includes studies on the isolation, purification, and structural characterization of novel, non-macromolecular compounds from natural sources. |
Contact:
John M. Schwab, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: schwabj@nigms.nih.gov |
Pharmacological
and Physiological Sciences |
Anesthesia
and Integrated Systems
Research on the systemic effects of anesthesia including: absorption, distribution, metabolism and biotransformation of local and general anesthetics, and adjuncts to anesthesia including muscle relaxants and analgesics; factors affecting distribution and interactions of anesthetics with other drugs, and ways in which anesthetic action is modified by different disease states. Includes research on the pharmacological effects of anesthetics on tissue, organ and multi-organ systems. Also includes studies on pain as it relates to anesthesia and the perioperative period. Studies on the cause, diagnosis, prevention or treatment of malignant hypothermia as it relates to anesthesia are also included. |
Contact:
Alison E. Cole, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: colea@nigms.nih.gov |
Drug
Disposition/Pharmacokinetics/Toxicology
The portfolio supports research that characterizes the biological processes involved in the disposition of therapeutic agents, models pharmacokinetic information for the development of programs to monitor drug therapy, and investigates the toxicological effects caused by therapeutic drugs. It includes research on Phase I and Phase II drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters which mediate the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs and their metabolites (ADME). Studies to improve bioavailability of therapeutic molecules by altering interactions with drug transporters or drug metabolizing enzymes are also supported. Quantitative analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters to develop mathematically-based modeling programs to improve drug therapy is supported. Clinical toxicology studies include research into the adverse effects of therapeutic drugs that result from drug-drug or drug-protein interactions. The toxicology portfolio includes research which examines how induction or inhibition of drug metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters or other proteins may result in adverse effects or that investigates the formation of unique metabolites that produce toxic effects in vivo. The portfolio also includes research on enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid to biologically active or toxic agents. |
Contact:
Richard T. Okita, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: okitar@nigms.nih.gov |
Ethical,
Legal and Social Issues in Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences
These studies examine ethical, legal and social implications in the areas that the Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences Branch supports, primarily pharmacogenetics, clinical pharmacology, anesthesia and trauma and burn injury. It includes investigations related to the use of ethnically identifiable populations, stored tissues, informed consent, public databases and other related issues. |
Contact:
Rochelle M. Long, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: longr@nigms.nih.gov |
Inflammation and Innate Immunity
Studies on cells, mediators and systems regulating onset, function and termination of the inflammatory and/or innate immune response. Studies may be molecular, biochemical and/or physiological and experiments may be conducted in vitro or in vivo. The use of model organisms is encouraged. |
Contact:
Sarah E. Dunsmore, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: dunsmores@mail.nih.gov |
Molecular
Immunobiology
Basic cellular and molecular mechanisms, when cells of the immune system serve as advantageous experimental models. Areas include: signal transduction pathways; cellular aspects of differentiation; programmed cell death; cell adhesion; gene rearrangements, transcriptional regulation, exocytosis and endocytosis; protein transport. |
Contact:
Pamela Marino, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: marinop@nigms.nih.gov |
Molecular Mechanisms of Anesthetics
Research on the molecular pharmacology and mechanisms of actions of anesthetics: includes interactions of general and local anesthetics with cellular membranes, receptors, ion channels and second messenger systems. A wide range of experimental approaches may be employed including but not limited to molecular biology, biochemistry, immunology, electrophysiology and biophysics. Also includes studies on molecular mechanisms of adverse actions and toxicity of anesthetics. |
Contact:
Alison E. Cole, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: colea@nigms.nih.gov |
Pharmacogenetics/Pharmacogenomics
These studies address the contribution of genetic variation to individual differences in drug responses (pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics). The systems studied include mechanisms of drug metabolism and clearance, and the interactions of therapeutic drugs with their receptors and other biological targets. This includes the Pharmacogenetics Research Network and Knowledge Base, PharmGKB. |
Contact:
Rochelle M. Long, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: longr@nigms.nih.gov |
Physiology
This section supports research in basic biological mechanisms of behavior and adaptation. This includes learning, information processing and communication systems; biological adaptation to environmental changes; electrophysiologic and endocrine correlates of behavior; and the physiology of sleep and stress. |
Contact:
Scott D. Somers, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: somerss@nigms.nih.gov |
Receptors,
Drug Targets and Signal Transduction
Basic biology of membrane receptors and the molecular mechanisms of drug interactions with those target receptors. Examples include adrenergic, cholinergic and muscarinic receptors; and also serotonin, adenosine, and glutamate receptors; and ion channels. Includes natural toxins that are potential probes for these receptors. Biochemistry, structure, function and modulation of the GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), typically in mammalian systems; also the accessory proteins interacting with this system, such as the regulatory RGS proteins. Includes the adenylyl cyclases family. Effector enzymes of signal transduction pathways and small molecule mediators such as the inositol trisphosphate pathway, nitric oxide, etc. Other aspects of signal transduction research, for example, receptor binding theory. |
Contact:
Sarah E. Dunsmore, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: dunsmores@mail.nih.gov |
Sepsis
Laboratory or clinical studies on sepsis, including septic shock or severe sepsis, predominantly from the perspective of the host and the response to a challenge rather than focusing on a presumptive causative microorganism. Studies will emphasize sepsis and not any disposing conditions such as traumatic injury. |
Contact:
Sarah E. Dunsmore, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: dunsmores@mail.nih.gov |
Trauma,
Burn and Peri-Operative Injury
This section supports basic and clinical investigations in such areas as physiology, biochemistry and immunology as they relate to the host response to traumatic, thermal or surgical injury, hemorrhagic shock and some complications of critical care medicine. The research is directed toward an improved understanding of the immediate as well as prolonged total body response to injury, including the biochemical and physiological changes induced by injury. Research supported in this section includes studies on the etiology of post-injury systemic inflammatory response syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndromes, and other complications often seen in intensive or critical care units, and the mechanisms of immunosuppression and hypermetabolism following injury. In addition, the section encourages research on the treatment of post-traumatic infections, nutritional requirements of convalescing patients, and the physiological basis of rehabilitation of injured patients. |
Contact:
Scott D. Somers, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: somerss@nigms.nih.gov |
Wound Healing
This section supports basic and clinical investigations in such areas as physiology, biochemistry and immunology as they relate wound healing. The research is directed toward an improved understanding of the process of wound healing, the basic fundamental aspects of wound healing and the process of biological repair. |
Contact:
Richard Ikeda, Ph.D.
Phone: 301-594-3827
E-mail: ikedar@nigms.nih.gov
|
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