Abbott, D.T. & Crossley, D.A. Jr (1982) Woody litter decomposition following clear-cutting. Ecology, 63, 35-42.

Aber, J.D. & Melillo, J.M. (1980) Litter decomposition: measuring relative contributions of organic matter and nitrogen to forest soils. Canadian Journal of Botany, 58, 416-421.

Aber, J.D. & Melillo, J.M. (1982) Nitrogen immobilization in decaying hardwood leaf litter as a function of initial nitrogen and lignin content. Canadian Journal of Botany, 60, 2263-2269.

Aber, J.D., Melillo, J.M. & McClaugherty, C.A. (1990) Predicting long-term patterns of mass loss, nitrogen dynamics, and soil organic matter formation from initial fine litter chemistry in temperate forest ecosystems. Canadian Journal of Botany, 68, 2201-2208.

Benner, R. & Hodson, R.E. (1985) Microbial degradation of the leachable and lignocellulosic components of leaves and wood from Rhizophora mangle in a tropical mangrove swamp. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 23, 221-230.

Benner, R., Peele, E.R. & Hodson, R.E. (1986) Microbial utilization of dissolved organic matter from leaves of the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, in the Fresh Creek estuary, Bahamas. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 24, 607-619.

Bingham, B.B. & Sawyer, J.O. Jr (1988) Volume and mass of decaying logs in an upland old-growth redwood forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 18, 1649-1651.

Cahoon, D.R. & Lynch, J. (1997) Vertical accretion and shallow subsidence in a mangrove forest of southwestern Florida, USA. Mangroves and Salt Marshes, 1, 173-186.

Chen, R. & Twilley, R. (1999) Patterns of mangrove forest structure and soil nutrient dynamics along the Shark River estuary, Florida. Estuaries, 22, 955-970.

Christensen, O. (1977) Estimation of standing crop and turnover of dead wood in a Danish oak forest. Oikos, 28, 177- 186.

Clough, B.F. (1992) Primary productivity and growth of mangrove forests. Tropical Mangrove Ecosystems (eds A.I. Robertson & D.A. Alongi), pp. 225-250. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC.

Craighead, F.C. Jr (1964) Land, mangroves and hurricanes. Bulletin of the Fairchild Tropical Garden, 19, 3-32.

Currie, W.S. & Aber, J.D. (1997) Modeling leaching as decomposition process in humid montane forests. Ecology, 78, 184-186.

Duever, M.J., Meeder, J.F., Meeder, L.C. & McCollom, J.M. (1994) The climate of south Florida and its role in shaping the Everglades Ecosystem. Everglades: the Ecosystem and its Restoration (eds S. Davis & J. Ogden), pp. 225-248. St Lucie Press, Delray Beach, Florida.

Everham, E.M. III & Brokaw, N.V.L. (1996) Forest damage and recovery from catastrophic wind. Botanical Review, 62, 113-185.

France, R., Culbert, H., Freeborough, C. & Peters, R. (1997) Leaching and early mass loss of boreal leaves and wood in oligotrophic water. Hydrobiologia, 345, 209-214.

Frangi, J.L., Richter, L.L., Barrera, M.D. & Aloggia, M. (1997) Decomposition of Nothofagus fallen woody debris in forests of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 1095-1102.

Harmon, M.E., Franklin, J.F., Swanson, F.J., Sollins, P., Gregory, S.V., Lattin, J.D. et al. (1986) Ecology of coarse woody debris in temperate ecosystems. Advances in Ecological Research, 15, 133-302.

Kohlmeyer, J., Bebout, B. & Kohlmeyer, V. (1995) Decomposition of mangrove wood by marine fungi and teredinis in Belize. Marine Ecology, 16, 27-39.

Krauss, K.W., Doyle, T.W., Twilley, R.R., Smith, T.J. III, Whelan, K.R.T. & Sullivan, J.K. (2005) Woody debris in the mangrove forests of south Florida. Biotropica, 37(1), 9-15.

Kristensen, E., Ahmed, S.I. & Devol, A.H. (1995) Aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in marine sediment: which is fastest? Limnology and Oceanography, 40, 1430-1437.

Lambert, R. & Cromack, K. Jr (1982) Mass, nutrient content, and decay rate of dead boles in rain forest of Olympic National Park. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 12, 511-521.

Lambert, R., Lang, G.E. & Reiners, W.A. (1980) Loss of mass and chemical change in decaying boles of a subalpine balsam fir forest. Ecology, 61, 1460-1473.

Mackey, A.P. & Smail, G. (1996) The decomposition of mangrove litter in a subtropical mangrove forest. Hydrobiologia, 332, 93-98.

McClaugherty, C.A., Pastor, J., Aber, J.D. & Melillo, J.M. (1985) Forest litter decomposition in relation to soil nitrogen dynamics and litter quality. Ecology, 66, 266-275.

Means, J.E., Cromack, K. Jr & MacMillan, P.C. (1985) Comparison of decomposition models using wood density of Douglas-fir logs. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 15, 1092-1098.

Melillo, J.M., Aber, J.D. & Muratore, J.F. (1982) Nitrogen and lignin control of hardwood leaf litter decomposition dynamics. Ecology, 63, 621-626.

Melillo, J.M., Naiman, R.J., Aber, J.D. & Eshleman, K.N. (1983) The influence of substrate quality and stream size on wood decomposition dynamics. Oecologia, 38, 281-285.

Middleton, B.A. & McKee, K.L. (2001) Degradation of mangrove tissues and implications for peat formation in Belizean island forests. Journal of Ecology, 89, 818-828.

Minderman, G. (1968) Addition, decomposition and accumulation of organic matter in forest. Journal of Ecology, 56, 355-362.

Polit, J.I. & Brown, S. (1996) Mass and nutrients content of dead wood in a central Illinois floodplain forest. Wetlands, 16, 488-494.

Reid, I.D. (1995) Biodegradation of lignin. Canadian Journal of Botany, 73 (Suppl. 1), S1011-S1018.

Rivera-Monroy, V.H. & Twilley, R.R. (1996) The relative role of denitrification and immobilization in the fate of inorganic nitrogen in mangrove sediments (Terminos Lagoon, Mexico). Limnology and Oceanography, 41, 284-296.

Robertson, A.I. & Daniel, P.A. (1989) Decomposition and the annual flux of detritus from fallen timber in tropical mangrove forests. Limnology and Oceanography, 34, 640- 646.

Sinsabaugh, R.L., Antibus, R.K., Linkins, A.E., McClaugherty, C.A., Rayburn, L., Repert, D. et al. (1993) Wood decomposition: nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in relation to extracellular enzyme activity. Ecology, 74, 1586-1593.

Smith, T.J. III (1992) Forest structure. Tropical Mangrove Ecosystems. Coastal and Estuarine Studies #41 (eds A.I. Robertson & D.M. Alongi), pp. 101-136. American Geophysical Union, Washington DC.

Smith, T.J. III, Robblee, M.B., Wanless, H.R. & Doyle, T.W. (1994) Mangroves, hurricanes, and lightning strikes. Bioscience, 44, 256-262.

Solorzano, L. & Sharp, J.H. (1980) Determination of total dissolved phosphorus and particulate phosphorus in natural waters. Limnology and Oceanography, 25, 754-758.

Spies, T.A., Franklin, J.F. & Thomas, T.B. (1988) Coarse woody debris in Douglas fir forests of western Oregon and Washington. Ecology, 69, 1689-1702.

Staaf, H. & Berg, B. (1982) Accumulation and release of plant nutrients in decomposing Scots pine needle litter. Long-term decomposition in a Scots pine forest II. Canadian Journal of Botany, 60, 1561-1568.

Steinke, T.D., Holland, A.J. & Singh, Y. (1992) Leaching losses during decomposition of mangrove leaf litter. South African Journal of Botany, 59, 21-25.

Steinke, T.D., Naidoo, G. & Charles, L.M. (1983) Degradation of mangrove leaf and stem tissues in situ in Mgeni Estuary, South Africa. Biology and Ecology of Mangroves (ed. H.J. Teas), pp. 121-132. Dr W. Junk, The Hague.

Twilley, R.R., Lugo, A.E. & Patterson-Zuca, C. (1986) Litter production and turnover in basin mangrove forests in southwest Florida. Ecology, 63, 670-683.

Vitousek, P.M. & Turner, D.R. (1994) Litter decomposition on the Mauna Loa environmental matrix, Hawaii: patterns, mechanisms, and models. Ecology, 75, 418-429.

Wieder, R.K. & Lang, G.E. (1982) A critique of the analytical methods used in examining decomposition data obtained from litter bags. Ecology, 63, 1636-1642.

Wolanski, E., Mazda, Y. & Ridd, P. (1992) Mangrove hydrodynamics. Tropical Mangrove Systems (eds A.I. Robertson & D.M. Alongi), pp. 43-62. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC.

Zimmerman, W.M., Pulliam, W.D., Lodge, D.J., Quinones- Orfila, V., Fetcher, N., Guzman-Grajales, S. et al. (1995) Nitrogen immobilization by decomposing woody debris and the recovery of tropical wet forest from hurricane damage. Oikos, 72, 314-322.