Summary
Introduction
Background
History of the Science
Definition of Outcomes and Effectiveness Research (OER)
Data Sources
Framework—From Research Findings To Clinical Excellence
Description
Implications
Empirical Analysis: Survey of COER-Funded Investigators
Results
Discussion
Synthesis: Progress and Accomplishments
Conceptual Shifts
Challenging Clinical Dogma
Development of Research Methods and Tools
Identifying Knowledge Gaps and Prompting Needed Studies
Developing the Manpower for Outcomes Research
Lessons from Outcomes and Effectiveness Research
Insights About Methods
Recognition of Complexity of Changing Practice
Realization that Savings are Difficult to Achieve
Importance of the Current Quality of Evidence
Recommendations
Set Research Priorities: Orchestrated Follow-On
Clarify Criteria for Relevance and Importance
Make OER Approach Responsive to Existing Quality of the Evidence
Increase Emphasis on Problem-solving
Promote Improvements in Strategies to Study Effectiveness
Promote Routine Use of Outcomes Measures
Continue Tools and Methods Development
Create the Capacity to Build Upon and Transfer Knowledge
Promote Clear Vision of Roles and Impact
Increase Interaction with Major Stakeholders and Customers
Conclusion
References
Appendix 1: Survey of COER-Funded Principal Investigators: Summary
Appendix 2: Abstract: Presented at SGIM Annual Meeting, April 1998, Chicago
Categories for findings reported by COER-funded Primary Investigators
Appendix 3: Health Status Measurement Instruments
Appendix 4: Projects on Practice Variation (1989-96)
Figure 1: Levels of Impact Resulting from Outcomes Studies
Figure 2: From Research to Clinical Excellence
Table 1: Levels of Impact and Examples
Table 2: Classification of findings from COER-funded studies
Clinical Information
AHRQ Home Page
Department of Health and Human Services