| | This journal provides immediate access to some articles. This Week in PNAS Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 397–398. doi: 10.1073/iti0207104.PMCID: PMC1766394 Commentaries The impact of structural biology on neurobiology Ronald E. Viola Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 399–400. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610164103.PMCID: PMC1766395 Membrane-embedded protease poses for photoshoot Raquel L. Lieberman and Michael S. Wolfe Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 401–402. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610236103.PMCID: PMC1766396 Perspective The presenilin hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: Evidence for a loss-of-function pathogenic mechanism Jie Shen and Raymond J. Kelleher, III Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 403–409. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608332104.PMCID: PMC1766397 Physical Sciences Applied Mathematics From the Cover: Searching with iterated maps V. Elser, I. Rankenburg, and P. Thibault Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 418–423. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606359104.PMCID: PMC1766399 Applied Physical Sciences Evidence of the existence of the low-density liquid phase in supercooled, confined water Francesco Mallamace, Matteo Broccio, Carmelo Corsaro, Antonio Faraone, Domenico Majolino, Valentina Venuti, Li Liu, Chung-Yuan Mou, and Sow-Hsin Chen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 424–428. Published online 2006 December 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607138104.PMCID: PMC1766400 Chemistry Insights into finding a mismatch through the structure of a mispaired DNA bound by a rhodium intercalator Valérie C. Pierre, Jens T. Kaiser, and Jacqueline K. Barton Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 429–434. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610170104.PMCID: PMC1766401 Internal conversion to the electronic ground state occurs via two distinct pathways for pyrimidine bases in aqueous solution Patrick M. Hare, Carlos E. Crespo-Hernández, and Bern Kohler Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 435–440. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608055104.PMCID: PMC1766402 Chemically engineered extracts as an alternative source of bioactive natural product-like compounds Silvia N. López, I. Ayelen Ramallo, Manuel Gonzalez Sierra, Susana A. Zacchino, and Ricardo L. E. Furlan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 441–444. Published online 2006 December 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608438104.PMCID: PMC1766403 Environmental Sciences Contrasts between Antarctic and Arctic ozone depletion Susan Solomon, Robert W. Portmann, and David W. J. Thompson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 445–449. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604895104.PMCID: PMC1761864 Geology Evidence for last interglacial chronology and environmental change from Southern Europe Achim Brauer, Judy R. M. Allen, Jens Mingram, Peter Dulski, Sabine Wulf, and Brian Huntley Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 450–455. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0603321104.PMCID: PMC1766405 Geophysics From the Cover: Contingent Pacific–Atlantic Ocean influence on multicentury wildfire synchrony over western North America Thomas Kitzberger, Peter M. Brown, Emily K. Heyerdahl, Thomas W. Swetnam, and Thomas T. Veblen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 543–548. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606078104.PMCID: PMC1766421 Biological Sciences Biochemistry Insights into finding a mismatch through the structure of a mispaired DNA bound by a rhodium intercalator Valérie C. Pierre, Jens T. Kaiser, and Jacqueline K. Barton Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 429–434. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610170104.PMCID: PMC1766401 From the Cover: Structure of aspartoacylase, the brain enzyme impaired in Canavan disease Eduard Bitto, Craig A. Bingman, Gary E. Wesenberg, Jason G. McCoy, and George N. Phillips, Jr. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 456–461. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607817104.PMCID: PMC1766406 Structural basis for intramembrane proteolysis by rhomboid serine proteases Adam Ben-Shem, Deborah Fass, and Eitan Bibi Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 462–466. Published online 2006 December 26. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609773104.PMCID: PMC1766407 Structural insights into the p97-Ufd1-Npl4 complex Valerie E. Pye, Fabienne Beuron, Catherine A. Keetch, Ciaran McKeown, Carol V. Robinson, Hemmo H. Meyer, Xiaodong Zhang, and Paul S. Freemont Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 467–472. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0603408104.PMCID: PMC1761865 Molecular insights into substrate recognition and catalysis by tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase Farhad Forouhar, J. L. Ross Anderson, Christopher G. Mowat, Sergey M. Vorobiev, Arif Hussain, Mariam Abashidze, Chiara Bruckmann, Sarah J. Thackray, Jayaraman Seetharaman, Todd Tucker, Rong Xiao, Li-Chung Ma, Li Zhao, Thomas B. Acton, Gaetano T. Montelione, Stephen K. Chapman, and Liang Tong Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 473–478. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610007104.PMCID: PMC1766409 Multiple aromatic side chains within a disordered structure are critical for transcription and transforming activity of EWS family oncoproteins King Pan Ng, Gary Potikyan, Rupert O. V. Savene, Christopher T. Denny, Vladimir N. Uversky, and Kevin A. W. Lee Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 479–484. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607007104.PMCID: PMC1766410 Structural similarity between the flagellar type III ATPase FliI and F1-ATPase subunits Katsumi Imada, Tohru Minamino, Aiko Tahara, and Keiichi Namba Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 485–490. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608090104.PMCID: PMC1766411 Site-directed alkylation and the alternating access model for LacY H. Ronald Kaback, R. Dunten, S. Frillingos, P. Venkatesan, I. Kwaw, W. Zhang, and Natalia Ermolova Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 491–494. Published online 2006 December 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609968104.PMCID: PMC1766412 Biophysics Direct observation in solution of a preexisting structural equilibrium for a mutant of the allosteric aspartate transcarbamoylase Luc Fetler, Evan R. Kantrowitz, and Patrice Vachette Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 495–500. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607641104.PMCID: PMC1766413 Precise physical models of protein–DNA interaction from high-throughput data Justin B. Kinney, Gašper Tkačik, and Curtis G. Callan, Jr. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 501–506. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609908104.PMCID: PMC1766414 Promoting motions in enzyme catalysis probed by pressure studies of kinetic isotope effects Sam Hay, Michael J. Sutcliffe, and Nigel S. Scrutton Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 507–512. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608408104.PMCID: PMC1766415 Signal transduction pathway of TonB-dependent transporters Andrew D. Ferguson, Carlos A. Amezcua, Najeeb M. Halabi, Yogarany Chelliah, Michael K. Rosen, Rama Ranganathan, and Johann Deisenhofer Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 513–518. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609887104.PMCID: PMC1760641 The ci/bH moiety in the b6f complex studied by EPR: A pair of strongly interacting hemes Frauke Baymann, Fabrice Giusti, Daniel Picot, and Wolfgang Nitschke Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 519–524. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606369104.PMCID: PMC1766417 Cell Biology H2A.Z contributes to the unique 3D structure of the centromere Ian K. Greaves, Danny Rangasamy, Patricia Ridgway, and David J. Tremethick Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 525–530. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607870104.PMCID: PMC1766418 Developmental Biology INAUGURAL ARTICLE by a Recently Elected Academy Member: Lung development and repair: Contribution of the ciliated lineage Emma L. Rawlins, Lawrence E. Ostrowski, Scott H. Randell, and Brigid L. M. Hogan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 410–417. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610770104.PMCID: PMC1752191 MAPK regulation of maternal and zygotic Notch transcript stability in early development Foster C. Gonsalves and David A. Weisblat Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 531–536. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609851104.PMCID: PMC1766419 Premature myogenic differentiation and depletion of progenitor cells cause severe muscle hypotrophy in Delta1 mutants Karin Schuster-Gossler, Ralf Cordes, and Achim Gossler Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 537–542. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608281104.PMCID: PMC1766420 Environmental Sciences From the Cover: Contingent Pacific–Atlantic Ocean influence on multicentury wildfire synchrony over western North America Thomas Kitzberger, Peter M. Brown, Emily K. Heyerdahl, Thomas W. Swetnam, and Thomas T. Veblen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 543–548. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606078104.PMCID: PMC1766421 Population size and relatedness affect fitness of a self-incompatible invasive plant Diane R. Elam, Caroline E. Ridley, Karen Goodell, and Norman C. Ellstrand Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 549–552. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607306104.PMCID: PMC1760643 Evolution Differential fitness costs of reproduction between the sexes Dustin J. Penn and Ken R. Smith Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 553–558. Published online 2006 December 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609301103.PMCID: PMC1766423 Functionally important glycosyltransferase gain and loss during catarrhine primate emergence Chihiro Koike, Monica Uddin, Derek E. Wildman, Edward A. Gray, Massimo Trucco, Thomas E. Starzl, and Morris Goodman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 559–564. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610012104.PMCID: PMC1766424 The first fossil leaf insect: 47 million years of specialized cryptic morphology and behavior Sonja Wedmann, Sven Bradler, and Jes Rust Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 565–569. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606937104.PMCID: PMC1766425 Immunology Signatures of strong population differentiation shape extended haplotypes across the human CD28, CTLA4, and ICOS costimulatory genes Vincent Butty, Matt Roy, Pardis Sabeti, Whitney Besse, Christophe Benoist, and Diane Mathis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 570–575. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610124104.PMCID: PMC1766426 Lymphopenic mice reconstituted with limited repertoire T cells develop severe, multiorgan, Th2-associated inflammatory disease Joshua D. Milner, Jerrold M. Ward, Andrea Keane-Myers, and William E. Paul Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 576–581. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610289104.PMCID: PMC1761908 Regulation of innate antiviral defenses through a shared repressor domain in RIG-I and LGP2 Takeshi Saito, Reiko Hirai, Yueh-Ming Loo, David Owen, Cynthia L. Johnson, Sangita C. Sinha, Shizuo Akira, Takashi Fujita, and Michael Gale, Jr. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 582–587. Published online 2006 December 26. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606699104.PMCID: PMC1766428 The IL-15/IL-15Rα on cell surfaces enables sustained IL-15 activity and contributes to the long survival of CD8 memory T cells Noriko Sato, Hiral J. Patel, Thomas A. Waldmann, and Yutaka Tagaya Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 588–593. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610115104.PMCID: PMC1766429 Alloantigen-enhanced accumulation of CCR5+ ‘effector’ regulatory T cells in the gravid uterus Marinos Kallikourdis, Kristian G. Andersen, Katie A. Welch, and Alexander G. Betz Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 594–599. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604268104.PMCID: PMC1766430 Medical Sciences Ovarian wedge resection restores fertility in estrogen receptor β knockout (ERβ−/−) mice José Inzunza, Andrea Morani, Guojun Cheng, Margaret Warner, Julius Hreinsson, Jan-Åke Gustafsson, and Outi Hovatta Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 600–605. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608951103.PMCID: PMC1766431 Postnatal lymphatic partitioning from the blood vasculature in the small intestine requires fasting-induced adipose factor Fredrik Bäckhed, Peter A. Crawford, David O'Donnell, and Jeffrey I. Gordon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 606–611. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605957104.PMCID: PMC1761863 Protective effects of exercise and phosphoinositide 3-kinase(p110α) signaling in dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Julie R. McMullen, Fatemeh Amirahmadi, Elizabeth A. Woodcock, Martina Schinke-Braun, Russell D. Bouwman, Kimberly A. Hewitt, Janelle P. Mollica, Li Zhang, Yunyu Zhang, Tetsuo Shioi, Antje Buerger, Seigo Izumo, Patrick Y. Jay, and Garry L. Jennings Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 612–617. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606663104.PMCID: PMC1766433 WNT/β-catenin mediates radiation resistance of mouse mammary progenitor cells Wendy A. Woodward, Mercy S. Chen, Fariba Behbod, Maria P. Alfaro, Thomas A. Buchholz, and Jeffrey M. Rosen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 618–623. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606599104.PMCID: PMC1766434 Microbiology Crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of Ebola virus VP30 reveals a role in transcription and nucleocapsid association Bettina Hartlieb, Tadeusz Muziol, Winfried Weissenhorn, and Stephan Becker Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 624–629. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606730104.PMCID: PMC2111399 par genes and the pathology of chromosome loss in Vibrio cholerae Yoshiharu Yamaichi, Michael A. Fogel, and Matthew K. Waldor Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 630–635. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608341104.PMCID: PMC1760642 Neuroscience Enhancement of learning and memory after activation of cerebral Rho GTPases Giovanni Diana, Giovanni Valentini, Sara Travaglione, Loredana Falzano, Massimo Pieri, Cristina Zona, Stefania Meschini, Alessia Fabbri, and Carla Fiorentini Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 636–641. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610059104.PMCID: PMC1761909 Neural substrates of envisioning the future Karl K. Szpunar, Jason M. Watson, and Kathleen B. McDermott Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 642–647. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610082104.PMCID: PMC1761910 Prokineticin receptor 2 (Prokr2) is essential for the regulation of circadian behavior by the suprachiasmatic nuclei Haydn M. Prosser, Allan Bradley, Johanna E. Chesham, Francis J. P. Ebling, Michael H. Hastings, and Elizabeth S. Maywood Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 648–653. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606884104.PMCID: PMC1761911 D1–D2 dopamine receptor heterooligomers with unique pharmacology are coupled to rapid activation of Gq/11 in the striatum Asim J. Rashid, Christopher H. So, Michael M. C. Kong, Teresa Furtak, Mufida El-Ghundi, Regina Cheng, Brian F. O'Dowd, and Susan R. George Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 654–659. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604049104.PMCID: PMC1766439 Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 modulates nociceptive signaling through direct phosphorylation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 Tej K. Pareek, Jason Keller, Sashi Kesavapany, Nitin Agarwal, Rohini Kuner, Harish C. Pant, Michael J. Iadarola, Roscoe O. Brady, and Ashok B. Kulkarni Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 660–665. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609916104.PMCID: PMC1752192 Physiology Neutralization of a single arginine residue gates open a two-pore domain, alkali-activated K+ channel María Isabel Niemeyer, Fernando D. González-Nilo, Leandro Zúñiga, Wendy González, L. Pablo Cid, and Francisco V. Sepúlveda Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 666–671. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606173104.PMCID: PMC1766441 Plant Biology Cross-talk between singlet oxygen- and hydrogen peroxide-dependent signaling of stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana Christophe Laloi, Monika Stachowiak, Emilia Pers-Kamczyc, Ewelina Warzych, Irene Murgia, and Klaus Apel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 672–677. Published online 2006 December 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609063103.PMCID: PMC1766442 Chloroplast biogenesis: The use of mutants to study the etioplast–chloroplast transition Katrin Philippar, Tina Geis, Iryna Ilkavets, Ulrike Oster, Serena Schwenkert, Jörg Meurer, and Jürgen Soll Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 678–683. Published online 2007 January 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610062104.PMCID: PMC1766443 Social Sciences Anthropology Differential fitness costs of reproduction between the sexes Dustin J. Penn and Ken R. Smith Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 553–558. Published online 2006 December 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609301103.PMCID: PMC1766423 Corrections Correction for Politz et al., MicroRNA-206 colocalizes with ribosome-rich regions in both the nucleolus and cytoplasm of rat myogenic cells Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 684. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610829104.PMCID: PMC1766444 Corrects: Joan C. Ritland Politz, et al. MicroRNA-206 colocalizes with ribosome-rich regions in both the nucleolus and cytoplasm of rat myogenic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 12; 103(50): 18957–18962. Correction for Newton et al., A deletion defining a common Asian lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associates with immune subversion Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 January 9; 104(2): 685. Published online 2006 December 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610883104.PMCID: PMC1766445 Corrects: Sandra M. Newton, et al. A deletion defining a common Asian lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associates with immune subversion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 October 17; 103(42): 15594–15598. |