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Fire and Invasive Annual Grasses in Western Ecosystem

A project funded by the Joint Fire Science Program

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Brooks, ML. 1998. Ecology of a Biological Invasion: Alien Annual Plants in the Mojave Desert. Dissertation, University of California, Riverside. 186 pp.

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Blank, R. R., F. A. Allen, and J. A. Young. 1994b. Extractable anions in soils following wildfire in a sagebrush-grass community. Soil Science Society of America Journal 58: 564-570.

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Heintze, S.G. 1961. Studies on cation-exchange capacity of roots. Plant and Soil 13:365-383.

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Hobbs, R.J. and L.F. Huenneke. 1992. Disturbance, diversity, and invasion: implications for conservation. Conservation Biology 6:324 337.

Huenneke, L.F., S.P. Hamburg, R. Koide, H.A. Mooney, and P.M. Vitousek. 1990. Effects of soil resources on plant invasion and community structure in Californian serpentine grassland. Ecology 71:478-491.

Hunter, R. 1991. Bromus invasions on the Nevada Test Site: present status of B. rubens and B. tectorum with notes on their relationship to disturbance and altitude. Great Basin Naturalist 51:176-182.

Jeffries, R.L. and A.J. Willis. 1964. Studies on the calcicole calcifuge habit. II. The influence of calcium on the growth and establishment of four species in soil and sand culture. Journal of Ecology 52:691 707.

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Keeley, J.E. and N.L. Stephenson. 2000. Restoring natural fire regimes in the Sierra Nevada in an era of global change. In D.N. Cole and S.F. McCool, eds. Proceedings: Wilderness Science in a Time of Change. Proc. RMRS-P-000. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. In press.

Kinzel, H. 1983. Influence of limestone, silicates, and soil pH on vegetation. In: Lange, O.L., P. S. Nobel, C.B. Osmond, and H. Ziegler, eds. Physiological plant ecology. III. Responses to the chemical and biological environment. Encyclopedia of plant physiology. New Series, Vol. 12C. Springer Verlag, Berlin. Pp 201 244.

Lajtha, K. and W.H. Schlesinger. 1988. The biogeochemistry of phosphorus cycling and phosphorus availability along a desert soil chronosequence. Ecology 69:24 39.

Mack, R.N. 1986. Alien plant invsion into the Intermountain West: a case history. In: Mooney, H.A. and J.A. Drake (eds.). Ecology of Biologica Invasions in North America and Hawaii. Pp 191-213. Springer, New York.

Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press, San Diego.

McClendon, T. and E.F. Redente. 1994. Role of nitrogen availability in the transition from annual to perennial dominated seral communities. In: Monsen, S.B. and S.G. Kitchen, eds. Proceedings, Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands. USDA INT GTR 313. Pp. 352 362.

McKnight, K.B., K.H. McKnight and K.T. Harper. 1990. Cation exchange capacities and mineral element concentrations of macrofungal stipe tissue. Mycologia 82: 91-98.

Merrill, e.H., H.F. Mayland, and J.M. Peek. 1980. Effects of a fall wildfire on herbaceous vegetation on xeric sites in the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness, Idaho. Journal of Range Mangement 33:363-367.

Miller, M. 2000. Effects of resource manipulation and soil characteristics on Bromus tectorum and Stipa hymenoides in calcareous soils of Canyonlands NP, Utah. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Colorado, Boulder.

Monsen, S.B. 1994. Selection of plants for fire suppression on semiarid sites. Pp. 363-373 in S.B. Monsen and S.G. Kitchen (eds.), Proceedings, Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands, USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report, INT-GTR-313.

Neale, J.L. 1969. Inhibition of nitrifying bacteria by grass and forb root extracts. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 15: 633 635.

Pierson, E.A. and R.N. Mack. 1990a. The population biology of Bromus tectorum in forests: distinguishing the opportunity for dispersal from environmental restriction. Oecologia 84:519-525.

Pierson, E.A. and R.N. Mack. 1990b. The population biology of Bromus tectorum in forests: effect of disturbance, grazing, and litter on seedling establishment and reproduction. Oecologia 84:526-533.

Savage, M. and T.W. Swetnam. 1990. Early 19th-century fire decline following sheep pasturing in a Navajo ponderosa pine forest. Ecology 71:2374-2378.

Schlesinger, William H. 1991. Biogeochemistry : an analysis of global change. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 443 p.

Schwartz, M.W., D.J. Porter, J.M. Randall, and K.E. Lyons. 1996. Impact of nonindigenous plants, pp. 1203-1218. In Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: final report to Congress, Volume II.Assessments and scientific basis for management options. Centers for Water and Wildland Resources, University of California, Davis.

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Swetnam, T. W.; Baisan, C. H.; Morino, K.; Caprio, A. C. 1998. Fire history along elevational transects in the Sierra Nevada, California. Report submitted to the USGS Western Ecological Research Center, Sequoia-Kings Canyon Field Station, Three Rivers CA. 150p

Tilman, D. 1982. Resource Competition and Community Structure. Princeton University Press. Tilman, D. 1988. Plant Strategies and the Dynamics and Structure of Plant Communities. Princeton University press, Princeton, New Jersey.

Tilman, D. 1989. Ecological experimentation: strengths and conceptual problems. Pp. 136 157 in G.E. Likens (ed.), Long Term Studies in Ecology. Springer Verlag, New York.

Whisenant, S.G. 1990. Changing fire frequencies on Idaho's Snake River Plains: ecological and management implications. In: McArthur, E.D., E.M. Romney, S.D. Smith, and P.T. Tueller, eds. Proceedings, Symposium on Bromus Invasion. USDA GTR INT 276.

Wilkeem, S. J., and M. D. Pitt. 1982. Soil nitrogen gradients as influenced by sagebrush canopy in southern British Columbia. Northwest Science 56: 276 286.

Wilson, A. M., G. A. Harris, and D. H. Gates. 1966. Fertilization of mixed cheatgrass bluebunch wheatgrass stands. Journal of Range Management 19: 134 137.

Woodward, R.A., K.T. Harper, and A.R. Tiedemann. 1984. An ecological consideration of the cation-exchange capacity of roots of some Utah range plants. Plant and Soil 79:169-180.






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