Ecosystems: Kelp Forests

Sunlight filters through the dense kelp canopy bringing light to the sea floor, which allows growth in the understory. (Photo: Kip Evans)

We'll focus on the scientific and science-to-management aspects of kelp forests resources and management in the national marine sanctuaries. In these pages you will find:

• A description of kelp forests within the sanctuaries and a look at the keystone species - the sea otter.
  
  
• A discussion of management and how the sanctuary program affords a more comprehensive protection of kelp forests within its boundaries.
  
  
• A description of the natural and anthropogenic impacts that affect these kelp forests.