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HIV/AIDS Surveillance by Race/Ethnicity (through 2007)
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Slide 1. AIDS Cases among Minority Races/Ethnicities 1985–2007—United States and Dependent Areas The number of AIDS cases increased each year from 1985 through 1993. The 1993 expansion of the AIDS case definition resulted in an increase in the number of AIDS cases reported. In 1996, the introduction and widespread use of antiretroviral therapies, which slow the progression of HIV infection to AIDS, resulted in declines in AIDS incidence. In 2007, an estimated 26,111 AIDS cases were diagnosed for persons of minority races/ethnicities, accounting for 71% of all AIDS cases diagnosed that year in the United States and dependent areas. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 1
AIDS Cases among Minority Races/Ethnicities 1985–2007—United States and Dependent Areas
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Slide 2. Proportions of AIDS Cases among Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity and Year of Diagnosis 1985–2007—United States and Dependent Areas The distribution of AIDS diagnoses among races/ethnicities has changed since the beginning of the epidemic. The percentage of AIDS diagnoses among whites has decreased; the percentages among blacks/African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos have increased. The percentages of AIDS diagnoses among Asians have remained relatively constant, at approximately 1% of all diagnoses and American Indians/Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders each continue to account for less than 1% of diagnoses. Of adults and adolescents diagnosed with AIDS during 2007, 48% were black/African American, 28% were white, 21% were Hispanic/Latino, 1% were Asian, and less than 1% each were American Indian/Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 2
Proportions of AIDS Cases among Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity and Year of Diagnosis 1985–2007—United States and Dependent Areas
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Slide 3. AIDS in Blacks/African Americans More than half of the cumulative AIDS cases reported in the United States and dependent areas were in persons of minority races/ethnicities. Blacks/African Americans account for a disproportionate share of AIDS cases. In 2007, blacks/African Americans accounted for 12% of the population of the 50 states and the District of Columbia; yet, from the beginning of the epidemic through 2007, they accounted for 42% of the total number of AIDS cases reported to CDC for the 50 states and the District of Columbia and 41% of all AIDS cases reported to CDC. From the beginning of the epidemic through 2007, 60% of the women, 59% of heterosexuals, and 59% of the children reported as having AIDS were black/African American. In 2007, 47% of AIDS cases reported among adults and adolescents were in blacks/African Americans.
Slide 3
AIDS in Blacks/African Americans
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Slide 4. AIDS in Hispanics/Latinos More than half of the cumulative AIDS cases reported in the United States and dependent areas were in persons of minority races/ethnicities. Hispanics/Latinos account for a disproportionate share of AIDS cases. In 2007, Hispanics/Latinos accounted for 15% of the population of the 50 states and the District of Columbia; yet, from the beginning of the epidemic through 2007, they accounted for 17% of the total number of AIDS cases reported to CDC for the 50 states and the District of Columbia and 19% of all AIDS cases reported to CDC. From the beginning of the epidemic through 2007, 19% of the women, 21% of heterosexuals, and 23% of the children reported as having AIDS were Hispanic/Latino. In 2007, 20% of AIDS cases reported among adults and adolescents were in Hispanics/Latinos. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 4
AIDS in Hispanics/Latinos
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Slide 5. Percentages of AIDS Cases and Population by Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2007—50 States and DC The pie chart on the left illustrates the distribution of AIDS cases reported in 2007 among races/ethnicities. The pie chart on the right shows the racial/ethnic distribution of the U.S. population (excluding U.S. dependent areas) in 2007. Blacks/African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos are disproportionately affected by the AIDS epidemic in comparison with their percentage distribution in the general population. In 2007, blacks/African Americans accounted for 12% of the population, but accounted for 48% of reported AIDS cases in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Hispanics/Latinos accounted for 15% of the population, but accounted for 19% of reported AIDS cases. Whites accounted for 66% of the U.S. population, but accounted for 31% of reported AIDS cases. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. More information on the HIV/AIDS epidemic and HIV prevention among blacks/African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos is available in CDC fact sheets at http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/factsheets.
Slide 5
Percentages of AIDS Cases and Population by Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2007—50 States and DC
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Slide 6. Percentages of AIDS Cases among Male Adults and Adolescents, by Transmission Category and Race/Ethnicity 2003–2007—United States and Dependent Areas The distribution of risk factors for HIV infection differs by race/ethnicity. From 2003 through 2007, of white men with AIDS, 76% had been exposed through male-to-male sexual contact, and 9% had been exposed through injection drug use (IDU). These percentages were similar among Asian men. Of black/African American men with AIDS, 48% had been exposed through male-to-male sexual contact and 21% through IDU. Of Hispanic/Latino men with AIDS, 58% had been exposed through male-to-male sexual contact and 21% through IDU. Of American Indian/Alaska Native men with AIDS, 58% had been exposed through male-to-male sexual contact, 16% through IDU, and an additional 17% were attributed to both male-to-male sexual contact and IDU. Of Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander men with AIDS, 80% had been exposed through male-to-male sexual contact and 3% through IDU. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays and missing risk-factor information. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 6
Percentages of AIDS Cases among Male Adults and Adolescents, by Transmission Category and Race/Ethnicity 2003–2007—United States and Dependent Areas
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Slide 7: Reported AIDS Cases among Adults and Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 2007—United States and Dependent Areas In 2007, 74% of reported AIDS cases were cases in males. The largest percentage of AIDS cases in men were black/African American, followed by white and Hispanic/Latino men. Of females with AIDS, 63% were black/African American, and nearly equal numbers were white or Hispanic/Latino. In comparison with AIDS cases among other races/ethnicities reported in 2007, relatively few AIDS cases were reported among Asians, American Indians/Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 7
Reported AIDS Cases among Adults and Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 2007—United States and Dependent Areas
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Slide 8. AIDS Rates for Black/African American Adults and Adolescents, Reported 2003–2007—50 States and DC From 2003 through 2007, the average rates for reported AIDS cases in black/African American adults and adolescents ranged from 17.3 per 100,000 in Wyoming to 256.2 per 100,000 in the District of Columbia. The District of Columbia is a metropolitan area, use caution when comparing its AIDS rate to state AIDS rates.
Slide 8
AIDS Rates for Black/African American Adults and Adolescents, Reported 2003–2007—50 States and DC
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Slide 9. AIDS Rates for Hispanic/Latino Adults and Adolescents Reported 2003–2007—50 States and DC From 2003 through 2007, the average rates for reported AIDS cases in Hispanic/Latino adults and adolescents ranged from 1.1 per 100,000 in Montana to 103.1 per 100,000 in the District of Columbia. The District of Columbia is a metropolitan area, use caution when comparing its AIDS rate to state AIDS rates. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 9
AIDS Rates for Hispanic/Latino Adults and Adolescents Reported 2003–2007—50 States and DC
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Slide 10. AIDS Rates for White Adults and Adolescents Reported 2003–2007—50 States and DC From 2003 through 2007, the highest average state-specific AIDS case rates for white adults and adolescents were in the District of Columbia and Hawaii. The rate for the United States—7.1 per 100,000—is, however, considerably lower than the rate of 66.8 per 100,000 for blacks/African Americans or the rate of 23.4 per 100,000 for Hispanics/Latinos. The District of Columbia is a metropolitan area, use caution when comparing its AIDS rate to state AIDS rates.
Slide 10
AIDS Rates for White Adults and Adolescents Reported 2003–2007—50 States and DC
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Slide 11. Percentages of HIV/AIDS Cases and Population by Race/Ethnicity, 2007—34 States The pie chart on the left illustrates the distribution of HIVAIDS diagnoses in 2007 among races/ethnicities in the 34 states with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003. The pie chart on the right shows the population distribution of the 34 states in 2007. In 2007, blacks/African Americans made up 14% of the population of the 34 states but accounted for 51% of HIV/AIDS diagnoses. Whites made up 68% of the population of the 34 states but accounted for 29% of HIV/AIDS diagnoses. Hispanics/Latinos made up 13% of the population of the 34 states but accounted for 18% of HIV/AIDS diagnoses. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. More information on the HIV/AIDS epidemic and HIV prevention among blacks/African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos is available in CDC fact sheets at http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/factsheets.
Slide 11
Percentages of HIV/AIDS Cases and Population by Race/Ethnicity, 2007—34 States
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Slide 12. Percentages of HIV/AIDS Cases among Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity, 2004–2007—34 States In 2007, of adults and adolescents given a diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in the 34 states with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting, 50% were black/African American, 29% were white, 18% were Hispanic/Latino, 1% each were Asian and American Indian/Alaska Native, and less than 1% were Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 12
Percentages of HIV/AIDS Cases among Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity, 2004–2007—34 States
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Slide 13. Estimated Numbers of Persons Living with HIV/AIDS, by Race/Ethnicity, 2004–2007—34 States The estimated number of persons living with HIV/AIDS in the 34 states with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting increased from 475,688 at the end of 2004 to 551,932 at the end of 2007. In all races/ethnicities, the estimated number of persons living with HIV/AIDS increased. The estimated number of blacks/African Americans living with HIV/AIDS increased from 230,138 to 267,116; whites increased from 158,258 to 181,380; Hispanics/Latinos increased from 78,480 to 92,943; Asians increased from 2,171 to 3,160; American Indians/Alaska Natives increased from 1,895 to 2,281; and Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders increased from 124 to 248. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 13
Estimated Numbers of Persons Living with HIV/AIDS, by Race/Ethnicity, 2004–2007—34 States
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Slide 14. Estimated Numbers of HIV/AIDS Cases and Rates for Male Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity 2007—34 States This slide shows diagnosis rates for HIV/AIDS cases among male adults and adolescents residing in 34 states with confidential name-based HIV infection surveillance since at least 2003. For male adults and adolescents, the rate (HIV/AIDS cases per 100,000) for blacks/African Americans (136.8) was more than 7 times as high as the rate for whites (18.7) and more than twice as high as the rate for Hispanics/Latinos (56.2). Relatively few cases were diagnosed among Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander males, although the rates for American Indian/Alaska Native males (23.1) and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander males (76.7) were higher than that for white males. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 14
Estimated Numbers of HIV/AIDS Cases and Rates for Male Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity 2007—34 States
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Slide 15: Estimated Numbers of HIV/AIDS Cases and Rates for Female Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity 2007—34 States This slide shows diagnosis rates for HIV/AIDS cases among female adults and adolescents residing in 34 states with confidential name-based HIV infection surveillance since at least 2003. For female adults and adolescents, the rate (HIV/AIDS cases per 100,000) for blacks/African Americans (60.6) was nearly 20 times as high as the rate for whites (3.3) and nearly 4 times as high as the rate for Hispanics/Latinos (16.0). Relatively few cases were diagnosed among Asian (3.5), American Indian/Alaska Native (9.4), and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander females (9.0), although the rates for these groups were higher than the rate for white females. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are cases that were collected under the old race/ethnicity classification system. Asian/Pacific Islander legacy cases are included in the totals for Asians. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Slide 15
Estimated Numbers of HIV/AIDS Cases and Rates for Female Adults and Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity 2007—34 States
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Slide 16. Diagnosis Rates of HIV/AIDS for Black/African American Adults and Adolescents, 2004–2007—34 States From 2004 through 2007, the average rates of HIV/AIDS diagnosis for black/African American adults and adolescents ranged from 23.2 per 100,000 in Wyoming to 174.8 per 100,000 in South Dakota. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays.
Slide 16
Diagnosis Rates of HIV/AIDS for Black/African American Adults and Adolescents, 2004–2007—34 States
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Slide 17. Diagnosis Rates of HIV/AIDS for Hispanic/Latino Adults and Adolescents, 2004–2007—34 States From 2004 through 2007 the average rates of HIV/AIDS diagnosis for Hispanic/Latino adults and adolescents ranged from 6.1 per 100,000 in North Dakota to 71.6 per 100,000 in New York. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays.
Slide 17
Diagnosis Rates of HIV/AIDS for Hispanic/Latino Adults and Adolescents, 2004–2007—34 States
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Slide 18. Diagnosis Rates of HIV/AIDS for White Adults and Adolescents, 2004–2007—34 States From 2004 through 2007, the highest average rates of HIV/AIDS diagnosis for white adults and adolescents were those in Florida, Nevada, and Texas. The rates in general, however, are considerably lower than the rate of 89.3 per 100,000 for black/African Americans or the rate of 34.6 per 100,000 for Hispanics/Latinos. The following 34 states have had laws or regulations requiring confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The data have been adjusted for reporting delays.
Slide 18
Diagnosis Rates of HIV/AIDS for White Adults and Adolescents, 2004–2007—34 States
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Last Modified: April 10, 2009
Last Reviewed: April 10, 2009
Content Source:
Divisions of HIV/AIDS Prevention
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
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