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Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial for the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease (MRFIT)
This study has been completed.
First Received: October 27, 1999   Last Updated: June 23, 2005   History of Changes
Sponsored by: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Information provided by: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000487
  Purpose

To determine for a group of men at high risk of death from coronary heart disease whether a special intervention program to lower serum cholesterol, reduce blood pressure, and eliminate cigarette smoking would result in a significant reduction in mortality from coronary heart disease.


Condition Intervention Phase
Cardiovascular Diseases
Coronary Disease
Heart Diseases
Myocardial Ischemia
 Drug: antihypertensive agents
Behavioral: smoking cessation
Behavioral: diet, fat-restricted
Drug: diuretics
 Phase III

MedlinePlus related topics: Blood Pressure Medicines Coronary Artery Disease Diets Heart Diseases Quitting Smoking Smoking
U.S. FDA Resources
Study Type: Interventional
Study Design: Prevention, Randomized

Further study details as provided by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI):

Study Start Date: June 1972
Estimated Study Completion Date: July 1998
  Show Detailed Description

  Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:   35 Years to 57 Years
Genders Eligible for Study:   Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Men, ages 35-57. One or more of three risk factors--hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and cigarette smoking.

Free from coronary heart disease.

  Contacts and Locations
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00000487

Sponsors and Collaborators
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Investigators
Investigator: Marcus Kjelsberg University of Minnesota
  More Information

Publications:
Stamler J, Paul O, Berkson DM, et al: The New National Cooperative Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (Heart Attack Prevention Program). Chicago Medicine, 76:1047-1048, 1973.
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Group: Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Proceedings of the Nutrition Behavioral Research Conference. NHLBI, NIH, DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 76-978, p. ll, l975.
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Group: Public Annual Report, Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, June 30, l974 to July l, l975. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 76-l000, August, l975.
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Group: Smoking Cessation Activities in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: A Preliminary Report.J. Steinfeld et al (Eds). Smoking & Health: Proceedings of the Third World Conference on Smoking and Health, June 2-5, l975, II Health Consequences, Education, Cessation Activities, and Social Action, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., l976, 6l3-6l7.
[No authors listed] The multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). A national study of primary prevention of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 1976 Feb 23;235(8):825-7. No abstract available.
Hertzman M. Letter: Multiple risk factor intervention trial. JAMA. 1976 Jun 21;235(25):2717. No abstract available.
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Group: Public Annual Report, Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, June 30, l975 to July l, l976. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 77-l2ll, August, l976.
Rautaharju PM, Seale D, Prineas R, Wolf H, Crow R, Warren J. Changing electrocardiographic recording technology and diagnostic accuracy of myocardial infarction criteria. Improved standards for evaluation of ECG measurement precision. J Electrocardiol. 1978 Oct;11(4):321-30.
Hulley S, Ashman P, Kuller L, Lasser N, Sherwin R. HDL-cholesterol levels in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) by the MRFIT Research Group 1,2. Lipids. 1979 Jan;14(1):119-123.
Ockene J: Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: Smoking Cessation Procedures and Cessation Patterns for a Large Cohort of MRFIT Participants. In Schwartz J (Ed): Progress in Smoking Cessation, American Cancer Society, New York, p. 183-198, 1979.
[No authors listed] The MRFIT behavior pattern study--I. Study design, procedures, and reproducibility of behavior pattern judgments. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Group. J Chronic Dis. 1979;32(4):293-305. No abstract available.
Benfari RC, McIntyre K, Eaker E, Blumberg S, Paul O. The psychological effects of differential treatment of a high risk sample in a randomized clinical trial. Am J Public Health. 1979 Oct;69(10):996-1000.
Farrand ME, Mojonnier L. Nutrition in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Apr;76(4):347-51.
Kuller L, Neaton J, Caggiula A, Falvo-Gerard L. Primary prevention of heart attacks: the multiple risk factor intervention trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1980 Aug;112(2):185-99. No abstract available.
Rautaharju PM, Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Seale D, Furberg C. The effect of modified limb electrode positions on electrocardiographic wave amplitudes. J Electrocardiol. 1980 Apr;13(2):109-13.
Mandriota R, Bunkers B, Wilcox ME. Nutrition intervention strategies in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Aug;77(2):138-40.
Dennis B, Ernst N, Hjortland M, Tillotson J, Grambsch V. The NHLBI nutrition data system. J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Dec;77(6):641-7.
Farrand ME, Mojonnier L. Nutrition in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Apr;76(4):347-51.
Remmell PS, Gorder DD, Hall Y, Tillotson JL. Assessing dietary adherence in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). I. Use of a dietary monitoring tool. J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Apr;76(4):351-6.
Remmell PS, Benfari RC. Assessing dietary adherence in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). II. Food record rating as an indicator of compliance. J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Apr;76(4):357-60.
Tillotson JL, Gorder DD, Kassim N. Nutrition data collection in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Baseline nutrient intake of a randomized population. J Am Diet Assoc. 1981 Mar;78(3):235-40.
Tillotson JL, Gorder DD, Kassim N. Nutrition data collection in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Baseline nutrient intake of a randomized population. J Am Diet Assoc. 1981 Mar;78(3):235-40.
Zukel WJ, Paul O, Schnaper HW. The multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). I. Historical perspective. Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):387-401. No abstract available.
Sherwin R, Kaelber CT, Kezdi P, Kjelsberg MO, Thomas HE Jr. The multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT) II. The development of the protocol. Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):402-25. No abstract available.
Benfari RC. The multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). III. The model for intervention. Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):426-42. No abstract available.
Caggiula AW, Christakis G, Farrand M, Hulley SB, Johnson R, Lasser NL, Stamler J, Widdowson G. The multiple risk intervention trial (MRFIT). IV. Intervention on blood lipids. Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):443-75. No abstract available.
Hughes GH, Hymowitz N, Ockene JK, Simon N, Vogt TM. The multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). V. Intervention on smoking. Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):476-500. No abstract available.
Cohen JD, Grimm RH Jr, Smith WM. Multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):501-18. No abstract available.
Neaton JD, Broste S, Cohen L, Fishman EL, Kjelsberg MO, Schoenberger J. The multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). VII. A comparison of risk factor changes between the two study groups. Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):519-43. No abstract available.
Benfari RC, Sherwin R. The multiple risk factor intervention trial after 4 years: a summing-up. Prev Med. 1981 Jul;10(4):544-6. No abstract available.
[No authors listed] Multiple risk factor intervention trial. Risk factor changes and mortality results. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. JAMA. 1982 Sep 24;248(12):1465-77.
Hymowitz N: The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: A Four Year Evaluation. Int J Ment Health, 11:44-67, 1982.
Ockene JK, Hymowitz N, Sexton M, Broste SK. Comparison of patterns of smoking behavior change among smokers in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Prev Med. 1982 Nov;11(6):621-38. No abstract available.
Schoenenberger JC. Smoking change in relation to changes in blood pressure, weight, and cholesterol. Prev Med. 1982 Jul;11(4):441-53. No abstract available.
Wentworth DN, Neaton JD, Rasmussen WL. An evaluation of the Social Security Administration master beneficiary record file and the National Death Index in the ascertainment of vital status. Am J Public Health. 1983 Nov;73(11):1270-4.
Sherwin R. Sudden death in men with increased risk of myocardial infarction. The MRFIT Programme. Drugs. 1984 Oct;28 Suppl 1:46-53.
Shekelle RB, Caggiula AW, Grimm RH: Diuretic Treatment of Hypertension and Changes in Plasma Lipids Over Six Years in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. In Hegyeli RJ (Ed): Atherosclerosis Review. New York, Raven, p. 113-127, 1984.
Neaton JD, Kuller LH, Wentworth D, Borhani NO. Total and cardiovascular mortality in relation to cigarette smoking, serum cholesterol concentration, and diastolic blood pressure among black and white males followed up for five years. Am Heart J. 1984 Sep;108(3 Pt 2):759-69.
Kuller L: Risk Factor Reduction in CHD. Modern Concepts of Cardiovascular Disease, 53:7-11, 1984.
Lasser NL, Grandits G, Caggiula AW, Cutler JA, Grimm RH Jr, Kuller LH, Sherwin RW, Stamler J. Effects of antihypertensive therapy on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Med. 1984 Feb 27;76(2A):52-66.
Connett JE, Stamler J. Responses of black and white males to the special intervention program of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am Heart J. 1984 Sep;108(3 Pt 2):839-48.
Shekelle R: Diuretic Treatment of Hypertension and Changes in Plasma Lipids Over Six Years in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. In Paoletti R, et al (Eds): Endpoints for Cardiovascular Drug Studies. New York, Raven, p. 216, 1984.
Leon AS, Connett J, Jacobs DR, et al: Relation of Leisure Time Physical Activity to Mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Circulation, 70 (Suppl 2) II-644, 1984.
[No authors listed] Baseline rest electrocardiographic abnormalities, antihypertensive treatment, and mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Am J Cardiol. 1985 Jan 1;55(1):1-15.
Grimm RH Jr, Cohen JD, Smith WM, Falvo-Gerard L, Neaton JD. Hypertension management in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Six-year intervention results for men in special intervention and usual care groups. Arch Intern Med. 1985 Jul;145(7):1191-9.
[No authors listed] Exercise electrocardiogram and coronary heart disease mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Am J Cardiol. 1985 Jan 1;55(1):16-24.
Grimm RH Jr, Neaton JD, Ludwig W. Prognostic importance of the white blood cell count for coronary, cancer, and all-cause mortality. JAMA. 1985 Oct 11;254(14):1932-7.
Grimm RH Jr, Neaton JD, McDonald M, Case J, McGill E, Allen R, Bailey-Hoffman G, Kousch D, Childs J, Hulley SB. Beneficial effects from systematic dosage reduction of the diuretic, chlorthalidone: a randomized study within a clinical trial. Am Heart J. 1985 Apr;109(4):858-64.
Cutler JA, Neaton JD, Hulley SB, Kuller L, Paul O, Stamler J. Coronary heart disease and all-causes mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: subgroup findings and comparisons with other trials. Prev Med. 1985 May;14(3):293-311.
Shekelle RB, Hulley SB, Neaton JD, Billings JH, Borhani NO, Gerace TA, Jacobs DR, Lasser NL, Mittlemark MB, Stamler J. The MRFIT behavior pattern study. II. Type A behavior and incidence of coronary heart disease. Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Oct;122(4):559-70.
Kuller L, Farrier N, Caggiula A, Borhani N, Dunkle S. Relationship of diuretic therapy and serum magnesium levels among participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Dec;122(6):1045-59.
Stamler J: The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). In Hoffman H (Ed): Primary and Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, 8-33, 1985.
Folsom AR, Hughes JR, Buehler JF, Mittelmark MB, Jacobs DR Jr, Grimm RH Jr. Do type A men drink more frequently than type B men? Findings in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). J Behav Med. 1985 Sep;8(3):227-35.
Watkins LO, Neaton JD, Kuller LH. Racial differences in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease incidence in the usual-care group of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Cardiol. 1986 Mar 1;57(8):538-45.
Rautaharju PM, Prineas RJ, Eifler WJ, Furberg CD, Neaton JD, Crow RS, Stamler J, Cutler JA. Prognostic value of exercise electrocardiogram in men at high risk of future coronary heart disease: Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial experience. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986 Jul;8(1):1-10.
Kannel WB, Neaton JD, Wentworth D, Thomas HE, Stamler J, Hulley SB, Kjelsberg MO. Overall and coronary heart disease mortality rates in relation to major risk factors in 325,348 men screened for the MRFIT. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am Heart J. 1986 Oct;112(4):825-36.
Stamler J, Wentworth D, Neaton JD. Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). JAMA. 1986 Nov 28;256(20):2823-8.
Stamler J, Wentworth D, Neaton JD. Prevalence and prognostic significance of hypercholesterolemia in men with hypertension. Prospective data on the primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Med. 1986 Feb 14;80(2A):33-9.
Sherwin R: Diuretics, Serum Potassium and Mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). In Whelton T, et al (Eds): Potassium in Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, New York, Marcelle Decker, 293-303, 1986.
Scherwitz L, Graham LE 2nd, Grandits G, Buehler J, Billings J. Self-involvement and coronary heart disease incidence in the multiple risk factor intervention trial. Psychosom Med. 1986 Mar-Apr;48(3-4):187-99.
Ockene JK, Hulley SB, Gerace TA: Smoking Behavior Change Patterns in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trials (MRFIT) and Their Relationship to Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Smoking and Health, Winnipeg, Canada, 1983 403-414, (Jan 1986).
Kuller LH, Hulley SB, Cohen JD, Neaton J. Unexpected effects of treating hypertension in men with electrocardiographic abnormalities: a critical analysis. Circulation. 1986 Jan;73(1):114-23.
Martin MJ, Hulley SB, Browner WS, Kuller LH, Wentworth D. Serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and mortality: implications from a cohort of 361,662 men. Lancet. 1986 Oct 25;2(8513):933-6.
Dolecek TA, Milas NC, Van Horn LV, Farrand ME, Gorder DD, Duchene AG, Dyer JR, Stone PA, Randall BL. A long-term nutrition intervention experience: lipid responses and dietary adherence patterns in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. J Am Diet Assoc. 1986 Jun;86(6):752-8.
Gorder DD, Dolecek TA, Coleman GG, Tillotson JL, Brown HB, Lenz-Litzow K, Bartsch GE, Grandits G. Dietary intake in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT): nutrient and food group changes over 6 years. J Am Diet Assoc. 1986 Jun;86(6):744-51.
Crow RS, Rautaharju PM, Prineas RJ, Connett JE, Furberg C, Broste S, Stamler J. Risk factors, exercise fitness and electrocardiographic response to exercise in 12,866 men at high risk of symptomatic coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 1986 May 1;57(13):1075-82.
Daniel-Gentry J, Dolecek TA, Caggiula AW, Van Horn LV, Epley L, Randall BL. Increasing the use of meatless meals: a nutrition intervention substudy in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). J Am Diet Assoc. 1986 Jun;86(6):778-81.
[No authors listed] Relationship between baseline risk factors and coronary heart disease and total mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Prev Med. 1986 May;15(3):254-73.
[No authors listed] Coronary heart disease death, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction and other clinical outcomes in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Am J Cardiol. 1986 Jul 1;58(1):1-13.
Lasser NL, Lamb S, Dischinger P, Kirkpatrick K. Background and organization of quality control in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):1S-16S. No abstract available.
Widdowson GM, Kuehneman M, DuChene AG, Hulley SB, Cooper GR. Quality control of biochemical data in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: Central Laboratory. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):17S-33S.
DuChene AG, Hultgren DH, Neaton JD, Grambsch PV, Broste SK, Aus BM, Rasmussen WL. Forms control and error detection procedures used at the Coordinating Center of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):34S-45S.
Rautaharju PM, Broste SK, Prineas RJ, Eifler WJ, Crow RS, Furberg CD. Quality control procedures for the resting electrocardiogram in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):46S-65S. No abstract available.
Tillotson JL, Gorder DD, DuChene AG, Grambsch PV, Wenz J. Quality control in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Nutrition Modality. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):66S-90S.
Harrison HH, Morgan J. Quality control of screening procedures in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):91S-108S. No abstract available.
Kirkpatrick K. Clinic operation: quality control of data collection and follow-up procedures. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):109S-25S. No abstract available.
Kirkpatrick K, Johnson P, Morgan J, Lamb S. Quality control site visits to clinics in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):126S-36S. No abstract available.
Dischinger P, DuChene AG. Quality control aspects of blood pressure measurements in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):137S-57S.
Cooper GR, Haff AC, Widdowson GM, Bartsch GE, DuChene AG, Hulley SB. Quality control in the MRFIT local screening and clinic laboratory. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):158S-65S.
Kirkpatrick K, Johnson P, Morgan J, Lamb S. Quality control site visits to clinics in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):126S-36S. No abstract available.
Townsend MC, Morgan J, Durkin D, DuChene AG, Lamb S. Quality control aspects of pulmonary function testing in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):179S-92S.
Leon AS, Connett J, Jacobs DR Jr, Rauramaa R. Leisure-time physical activity levels and risk of coronary heart disease and death. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. JAMA. 1987 Nov 6;258(17):2388-95.
Svendsen KH, Kuller LH, Martin MJ, Ockene JK. Effects of passive smoking in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Nov;126(5):783-95.
Cauley JA, Gutai JP, Kuller LH, Dai WS. Usefulness of sex steroid hormone levels in predicting coronary artery disease in men. Am J Cardiol. 1987 Oct 1;60(10):771-7.
Cohen JD, Neaton JD, Prineas RJ, Daniels KA. Diuretics, serum potassium and ventricular arrhythmias in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Cardiol. 1987 Sep 1;60(7):548-54.
Ockene JK, Pechacek TF, Vogt T, Svendsen K. Does switching from cigarettes to pipes or cigars reduce tobacco smoke exposure? Am J Public Health. 1987 Nov;77(11):1412-6.
Neaton JD, Grimm RH Jr, Cutler JA. Recruitment of participants for the multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). Control Clin Trials. 1987 Dec;8(4 Suppl):41S-53S.
Grimm RH Jr, Tillinghast S, Daniels K, Neaton JD, Mascioli S, Crow R, Pritzker M, Prineas RJ. Unrecognized myocardial infarction: experience in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Circulation. 1987 Mar;75(3 Pt 2):II6-8. No abstract available.
Scherwitz L, Graham LE 2nd, Grandits G, Billings J. Speech characteristics and behavior-type assessment in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) structured interviews. J Behav Med. 1987 Apr;10(2):173-95.
Sherwin RW, Wentworth DN, Cutler JA, Hulley SB, Kuller LH, Stamler J. Serum cholesterol levels and cancer mortality in 361,662 men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. JAMA. 1987 Feb 20;257(7):943-8.
Rutan GH, Kuller LH, Neaton JD, Wentworth DN, McDonald RH, Smith WM. Mortality associated with diastolic hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension among men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Circulation. 1988 Mar;77(3):504-14. Review.
MacMahon S, Collins G, Rautaharju P, Cutler J, Neaton J, Prineas R, Crow R, Stamler J. Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and effects of antihypertensive drug therapy in hypertensive participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Cardiol. 1989 Jan 15;63(3):202-10.
Iso H, Jacobs DR Jr, Wentworth D, Neaton JD, Cohen JD. Serum cholesterol levels and six-year mortality from stroke in 350,977 men screened for the multiple risk factor intervention trial. N Engl J Med. 1989 Apr 6;320(14):904-10.
Connett JE, Kuller LH, Kjelsberg MO, Polk BF, Collins G, Rider A, Hulley SB. Relationship between carotenoids and cancer. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) Study. Cancer. 1989 Jul 1;64(1):126-34.
Kuller LH, Ockene JK, Townsend M, Browner W, Meilahn E, Wentworth DN. The epidemiology of pulmonary function and COPD mortality in the multiple risk factor intervention trial. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Sep;140(3 Pt 2):S76-81.
[No authors listed] Mortality rates after 10.5 years for participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Findings related to a priori hypotheses of the trial. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. JAMA. 1990 Apr 4;263(13):1795-801. Erratum in: JAMA 1990 Jun 20;263(23):3151.
[No authors listed] Mortality after 10 1/2 years for hypertensive participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Circulation. 1990 Nov;82(5):1616-28.
Kuller LH, Ockene J, Meilahn E, Svendsen KH. Relation of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to lung cancer mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Aug;132(2):265-74.
Ockene JK, Kuller LH, Svendsen KH, Meilahn E. The relationship of smoking cessation to coronary heart disease and lung cancer in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Am J Public Health. 1990 Aug;80(8):954-8.
Hollis JF, Connett JE, Stevens VJ, Greenlick MR. Stressful life events, Type A behavior, and the prediction of cardiovascular and total mortality over six years. MRFIT Group. J Behav Med. 1990 Jun;13(3):263-80.
Cutler JA, Grandits GA, Grimm RH Jr, Thomas HE Jr, Billings JH, Wright NH. Risk factor changes after cessation of intervention in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. The MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Mar;20(2):183-96.
Kuller LH, Eichner JE, Orchard TJ, Grandits GA, McCallum L, Tracy RP. The relation between serum albumin levels and risk of coronary heart disease in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Dec 1;134(11):1266-77.
Leon AS, Connett J. Physical activity and 10.5 year mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Int J Epidemiol. 1991 Sep;20(3):690-7.
Friedewald WT, Kuller LH, Ockene JK. Primary prevention of cancer: relevant Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial results. IARC Sci Publ. 1990;(103):157-70. No abstract available.
Neaton JD, Bartsch GE, Broste SK, Cohen JD, Simon NM. A case of data alteration in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). The MRFIT Research Group. Control Clin Trials. 1991 Dec;12(6):731-40. No abstract available.
Ockene JK, Shaten BJ. Cigarette smoking in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Introduction, overview, method, and conclusions. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):552-63. No abstract available.
Ockene JK, Shaten BJ. Cigarette smoking in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Introduction, overview, method, and conclusions. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):552-63. No abstract available.
Ockene JK, Hymowitz N, Lagus J, Shaten BJ. Comparison of smoking behavior change for SI and UC study groups. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):564-73.
Ruth KJ, Neaton JD. Evaluation of two biological markers of tobacco exposure. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):574-89.
Hymowitz N, Sexton M, Ockene J, Grandits G. Baseline factors associated with smoking cessation and relapse. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):590-601.
Gerace TA, Hollis J, Ockene JK, Svendsen K. Smoking cessation and change in diastolic blood pressure, body weight, and plasma lipids. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):602-20.
Shaten BJ, Kuller LH, Neaton JD. Association between baseline risk factors, cigarette smoking, and CHD mortality after 10.5 years. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):655-9.
Kuller LH, Ockene JK, Meilahn E, Wentworth DN, Svendsen KH, Neaton JD. Cigarette smoking and mortality. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):638-54.
Suh I, Shaten BJ, Cutler JA, Kuller LH. Alcohol use and mortality from coronary heart disease: the role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jun 1;116(11):881-7.
Walker WG, Neaton JD, Cutler JA, Neuwirth R, Cohen JD. Renal function change in hypertensive members of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Racial and treatment effects. The MRFIT Research Group. JAMA. 1992 Dec 2;268(21):3085-91.
Neaton JD, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Kuller L, Lee DJ, Sherwin R, Shih J, Stamler J, Wentworth D. Serum cholesterol level and mortality findings for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Arch Intern Med. 1992 Jul;152(7):1490-500.
Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Serum cholesterol, blood pressure, cigarette smoking, and death from coronary heart disease. Overall findings and differences by age for 316,099 white men. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Arch Intern Med. 1992 Jan;152(1):56-64.
Zhou SH, Rautaharju PM, Prineas R, Neaton J, Crow R, Calhoun H, Furberg C, Cohen J. Improved ECG models for estimation of left ventricular hypertrophy progression and regression incidence by redefinition of the criteria for a significant change in left ventricular hypertrophy status. The MRFIT Research Group. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. J Electrocardiol. 1993;26 Suppl:108-13.
Neaton JD, Wentworth DN, Cutler J, Stamler J, Kuller L. Risk factors for death from different types of stroke. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Sep;3(5):493-9.
Shaten BJ, Smith GD, Kuller LH, Neaton JD. Risk factors for the development of type II diabetes among men enrolled in the usual care group of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care. 1993 Oct;16(10):1331-9.
Flack JM, Neaton JD, Daniels B, Esunge P. Ethnicity and renal disease: lessons from the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial and the Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 1993 Apr;21(4 Suppl 1):31-40.
Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-yr cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care. 1993 Feb;16(2):434-44.
Blair SN, Shaten J, Brownell K, Collins G, Lissner L. Body weight change, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Ann Intern Med. 1993 Oct 1;119(7 Pt 2):749-57.
Coughlin SS, Neaton JD, Sengupta A, Kuller LH. Predictors of mortality from idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in 356,222 men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Jan 15;139(2):166-72.
Orchard TJ, Eichner J, Kuller LH, Becker DJ, McCallum LM, Grandits GA. Insulin as a predictor of coronary heart disease: interaction with apolipoprotein E phenotype. A report from the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Ann Epidemiol. 1994 Jan;4(1):40-5.
Stamler J, Caggiula A, Grandits GA, Kjelsberg M, Cutler JA. Relationship to blood pressure of combinations of dietary macronutrients. Findings of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Circulation. 1996 Nov 15;94(10):2417-23.
Kuller LH, Tracy RP, Shaten J, Meilahn EN. Relation of C-reactive protein and coronary heart disease in the MRFIT nested case-control study. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Sep 15;144(6):537-47.
Haffner SM, Shaten J, Stern MP, Smith GD, Kuller L. Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin and testosterone predict the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in men. MRFIT Research Group. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 May 1;143(9):889-97.
Flack JM, Neaton J, Grimm R Jr, Shih J, Cutler J, Ensrud K, MacMahon S. Blood pressure and mortality among men with prior myocardial infarction. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Circulation. 1995 Nov 1;92(9):2437-45.
Werkö L. Analysis of the MRFIT screenees: a methodological study. J Intern Med. 1995 May;237(5):507-18.
Neaton JD, Kuller L, Stamler J, Wentworth D. Impact of systolic and diastolic blood pressure on cardiovascular mortality. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, eds. Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. 2nd Ed. New York: Raven Press,Ltd., 1995:127-144.
[No authors listed] Statistical design considerations in the NHLI multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Group. J Chronic Dis. 1977 May;30(5):261-75. No abstract available.
[No authors listed] The multiple risk factor intervention trial. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Group. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1978 Mar 30;304:293-308. No abstract available.
Townsend MC, DuChene AG, Morgan J, Browner WS. Pulmonary function in relation to cigarette smoking and smoking cessation. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):621-37.
Dolecek TA, Granditis G. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). World Rev Nutr Diet. 1991;66:205-16. No abstract available.
Hollis JF, Connett JE, Stevens VJ, Greenlick MR. Stressful life events, Type A behavior, and the prediction of cardiovascular and total mortality over six years. MRFIT Group. J Behav Med. 1990 Jun;13(3):263-80.
Flack JM, Neaton J, Grimm R Jr, Shih J, Cutler J, Ensrud K, MacMahon S. Blood pressure and mortality among men with prior myocardial infarction. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Circulation. 1995 Nov 1;92(9):2437-45.
Okin PM, Grandits G, Rautaharju PM, Prineas RJ, Cohen JD, Crow RS, Kligfield P. Prognostic value of heart rate adjustment of exercise-induced ST segment depression in the multiple risk factor intervention trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 May;27(6):1437-43.
[No authors listed] Mortality after 16 years for participants randomized to the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Circulation. 1996 Sep 1;94(5):946-51. Erratum in: Circulation 1997 Feb 4;95(3):760.
Dietary and Nutritional Methods and Findings: the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Stamler J, Caggiula AW, Cutler JA, et al (Eds): Supplement to American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 65(1), January 1997.
Cutler JA, Stamler J. Introduction and summary of the dietary and nutritional methods and findings in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):184S-190S. No abstract available.
Kjelsberg MO, Cutler JA, Dolecek TA. Brief description of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):191S-195S.
Dolecek TA, Stamler J, Caggiula AW, Tillotson JL, Buzzard IM. Methods of dietary and nutritional assessment and intervention and other methods in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):196S-210S.
Grandits GA, Bartsch GE, Stamler J. Method issues in dietary data analyses in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):211S-227S.
Tillotson JL, Bartsch GE, Gorder D, Grandits GA, Stamler J. Food group and nutrient intakes at baseline in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):228S-257S.
Gorder DD, Bartsch GE, Tillotson JL, Grandits GA, Stamler J. Food group and macronutrient intakes, trial years 1-6, in the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):258S-271S.
Stamler J, Briefel RR, Milas C, Grandits GA, Caggiula AW. Relation of changes in dietary lipids and weight, trial years 1-6, to changes in blood lipids in the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):272S-288S.
Van Horn L, Dolecek TA, Grandits GA, Skweres L. Adherence to dietary recommendations in the special intervention group in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):289S-304S.
Dolecek TA, Johnson RL, Grandits GA, Farrand-Zukel M, Caggiula AW. Nutritional adequacy of diets reported at baseline and during trial years 1-6 by the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):305S-313S.
Tillotson JL, Grandits GA, Bartsch GE, Stamler J. Relation of dietary carbohydrates to blood lipids in the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):314S-326S.
Tillotson JL, Grandits GA, Bartsch GE, Stamler J. Relation of dietary fiber to blood lipids in the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):327S-337S.
Stamler J, Caggiula AW, Grandits GA. Relation of body mass and alcohol, nutrient, fiber, and caffeine intakes to blood pressure in the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):338S-365S.
Stamler J, Dolecek TA. Relation of food and nutrient intakes to body mass in the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):366S-373S.
Stamler J, Rains-Clearman D, Lenz-Litzow K, Tillotson JL, Grandits GA. Relation of smoking at baseline and during trial years 1-6 to food and nutrient intakes and weight in the special intervention and usual care groups in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):374S-402S.
Sherwin R, Sengupta A, Havas S. Blood pressure in minorities screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Public Health Rep. 1996;111 Suppl 2:68-70.
Coughlin SS, Neaton JD, Sengupta A. Cigarette smoking as a predictor of death from prostate cancer in 348,874 men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 May 15;143(10):1002-6.
Klag MJ, Whelton PK, Randall BL, Neaton JD, Brancati FL, Stamler J. End-stage renal disease in African-American and white men. 16-year MRFIT findings. JAMA. 1997 Apr 23-30;277(16):1293-8.
Crow RS, Prineas RJ, Hannan PJ, Grandits G, Blackburn H. Prognostic associations of Minnesota Code serial electrocardiographic change classification with coronary heart disease mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Cardiol. 1997 Jul 15;80(2):138-44.
Leon AS, Myers MJ, Connett J. Leisure time physical activity and the 16-year risks of mortality from coronary heart disease and all-causes in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Int J Sports Med. 1997 Jul;18 Suppl 3:S208-15.
Shaten BJ, Kuller LH, Kjelsberg MO, Stamler J, Ockene JK, Cutler JA, Cohen JD. Lung cancer mortality after 16 years in MRFIT participants in intervention and usual-care groups. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Ann Epidemiol. 1997 Feb;7(2):125-36.
Brancati FL, Whelton PK, Randall BL, Neaton JD, Stamler J, Klag MJ. Risk of end-stage renal disease in diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study of men screened for MRFIT. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. JAMA. 1997 Dec 17;278(23):2069-74.
Davey Smith G, Neaton JD, Wentworth D, Stamler R, Stamler J. Mortality differences between black and white men in the USA: contribution of income and other risk factors among men screened for the MRFIT. MRFIT Research Group. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Lancet. 1998 Mar 28;351(9107):934-9.
Evans RW, Shaten BJ, Day BW, Kuller LH. Prospective association between lipid soluble antioxidants and coronary heart disease in men. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Jan 15;147(2):180-6. Review.
Vaccaro O, Stamler J, Neaton JD. Sixteen-year coronary mortality in black and white men with diabetes screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Int J Epidemiol. 1998 Aug;27(4):636-41.
Evans RW, Shaten BJ, Hempel JD, Cutler JA, Kuller LH. Homocyst(e)ine and risk of cardiovascular disease in the multiple risk factor intervention trial. Indian Heart J. 2000 Nov-Dec;52(7 Suppl):S44-52.
Evans RW, Shpilberg O, Shaten BJ, Ali S, Kamboh MI, Kuller LH. Prospective association of lipoprotein(a) concentrations and apo(a) size with coronary heart disease among men in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. J Clin Epidemiol. 2001 Jan;54(1):51-7.
Simon JA, Fong J, Bernert JT Jr, Browner WS. Serum fatty acids and the risk of fatal cancer. MRFIT Research Group. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Nov 1;148(9):854-8.
Davey Smith G, Bracha Y, Svendsen KH, Neaton JD, Haffner SM, Kuller LH; Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Incidence of type 2 diabetes in the randomized multiple risk factor intervention trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Mar 1;142(5):313-22. Summary for patients in: Ann Intern Med. 2005 Mar 1;142(5):I17.

Additional publications automatically indexed to this study by National Clinical Trials Identifier (NCT ID):
Krishnan E, Svendsen K, Neaton JD, Grandits G, Kuller LH; MRFIT Research Group. Long-term cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged men with gout. Arch Intern Med. 2008 May 26;168(10):1104-10.

Study ID Numbers: 6
Study First Received: October 27, 1999
Last Updated: June 23, 2005
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000487     History of Changes
Health Authority: United States: Federal Government

Study placed in the following topic categories:
Arterial Occlusive Diseases
Coronary Disease
Heart Diseases
Myocardial Ischemia
Diuretics
Vascular Diseases
 Cardiovascular Agents
Arteriosclerosis
Ischemia
Antihypertensive Agents
Coronary Artery Disease

Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Arterial Occlusive Diseases
Heart Diseases
Myocardial Ischemia
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Diuretics
Vascular Diseases
Ischemia
Arteriosclerosis
Cardiovascular Agents
 Antihypertensive Agents
Pharmacologic Actions
Coronary Disease
Pathologic Processes
Natriuretic Agents
Therapeutic Uses
Cardiovascular Diseases
Coronary Artery Disease

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 07, 2009



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