Inclusion Criteria:

• Previously untreated AML (including AML after MDS) with > 20% marrow blasts (new WHO classification)
• Age ≥ 61 <75 years
• AML evoluted after MDS are eligible if not previously treated with antiblastic drugs.
• Performance status ≥ 70 (Karnofsky) or ≤ 2 (WHO)
• Signed informed consent from the patient

Exclusion Criteria:

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• Patients already treated for their AML with other cytotoxic drugs (except no more than 7 days of Corticosteroids)
• Acute promyelocitic leukemia (FAB M3 or M3v)
• Blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia or leukemia supervening after other
• myeloproliferative disease
• Concomitant progressive malignant disease
• Presence of meningeal disease
• History of recent myocardial infarction (within previous 12 months), significant congestive heart failure, life threatening arrhythmia, or cardiovascular disease of Class II or greater according to the New York Heart Association Functional Classification (NYHAFC).
• Abnormal cardiac ejection fraction (45% or less).
• Abnormal hepatic function (ALAT/ASAT or bilirubin >3 N ).
• Abnormal renal function (creatinine >3 N)
• Active bacterial, fungal or viral infection as documented by positive cultures, radiological imaging, clinical signs, septic fever or septic shock symptoms.
• Patients who recover from the infection could be eligible.
• History of hypersensitivity to one of the liposomal constituents.
• Severe pulmonary, neurological or psychiatric disease.
• People unable to give informed consent.
• Presence of any phychological, familial, sociological or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow up schedule.
• HIV positivity
• Intercurrent organ damage or medical problems that would interfere with therapy.