Cohort 1 (Exercise): patients who are scheduled to undergo a minimum of 20 minutes of exercise testing.

Cohort 2 (ICU): patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Cohort 3 (Post-op): patients in Post-Operative care Cohort 4 (ER): patients admitted to the Emergency Room (e.g., high risk medical admissions) These cohorts are considered representative of a broad spectrum of the general patient population. Patients participating in the study will be assigned to one of these 4 cohorts, with a minimum of 10 patients assigned to Cohort 1 (Exercise) and a minimum of 5 patients in each of the other cohorts.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. The informed consent document must be read, signed, and dated by the patient (or legally authorized representative), the individual obtaining the consent, and a witness if appropriate, before conducting any study related procedures or examinations.
2. Patients will be ≥18 years of age or older, of any race and either sex. Women who are pregnant may participate in the study.
3. The RPM� must not interfere with patient care.
4. Investigator or Study Staff must be able to clearly access the sites for attaching sensors.

Specific Inclusion Criteria for Cohort 1 (Exercise):

• Patients who are referred for Stage-I pre-operative exercise testing to assess fitness for surgery.
• Patients who have a history of a chronic respiratory or cardiac condition resulting in symptoms with exertion.

Specific Inclusion Criteria for Cohort 2 (ICU):

• Patients admitted to the ICU on life support whose hospital stay is expected to be more than 72 hours.

Specific Inclusion Criteria for Cohort 3 (Post-op):

• Patients undergoing surgery and post-operative recovery are expected to be more than 72 hours.
• A broad variety of patients with a history of coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure or chronic lung disease, and considered at high risk of cardiopulmonary complications; or patients who have undergone major thoracic surgery with a high risk of cardiopulmonary complications.

Specific Inclusion Criteria for Cohort 4 (ER):

• Patients who are admitted to a general medical ward from the ER whose hospital stay is expected to be more than 72 hours.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with a history of any medical condition which would preclude completion of the study, e.g., patients whose skin disorders or excessive weight interfere with the proper functioning of standard monitoring.
2. Patients with significant unstable disease that could compromise the study assessments and/or participation in the study.
3. The PI or the Medical Monitor may declare a patient ineligible for a valid medical reason or where the patient�s condition or patient�s actions may be inappropriate for inclusion in a study of this design.

Specific Exclusion Criteria for Cohort 1 (Exercise):

• Patients who would not tolerate a standard exercise test such as patients who have severe peripheral vascular disease, disabling arthritis or neurological condition;
• Patients who have had a significant change in symptoms since referral (e.g., unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction).

Specific Exclusion Criteria for Cohort 2 (ICU), 3, & 4:

• Patients who are severely agitated;
• Patients where increased monitoring may interfere with the provision of clinical care;
• Patients where the family or the attending team are not committed to providing all necessary aggressive supportive care;
• Patients who are considered brain dead;
• Patients where standard sensors are not capturing such as unstable patients with severe peripheral vascular disease where saturation probes do not function properly.