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Understanding Probability in Children
This study has been terminated.
( Lack of study funding & resources )
First Received: January 2, 2008   Last Updated: March 12, 2009   History of Changes
Sponsors and Collaborators: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Children's Anesthesiology Associates, Ltd.
Information provided by: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00592800
  Purpose

To make medical decisions involving pros and cons, one also has to understand probability and percentages. This is a preliminary study to evaluate the ability of children to understand probability and percentages.


Condition
Understanding Probability

U.S. FDA Resources
Study Type: Observational
Study Design: Prospective
Official Title: Evaluation of the Understanding of Probability in Children

Further study details as provided by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia:

Primary Outcome Measures:
  • To compare the percentage of children who answer correctly to a set of mathematical questions to verify the ability of children to understand probability and percentages. The results will be compared to those obtained in children nationwide in 2003. [ Time Frame: During pre-operative visit. ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Secondary Outcome Measures:
  • The secondary objective is to compare the responses between children and parent. [ Time Frame: During the pre-operative visit. ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Biospecimen Retention:   None Retained

Biospecimen Description:

Enrollment: 165
Study Start Date: August 2007
Study Completion Date: February 2009
Primary Completion Date: February 2009 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Groups/Cohorts
1
children between 11 and 13 years of age
2
children between 14 to 15 years of age
3
children between 16 and 18 years of age

Detailed Description:

The concept of patients making decisions with respect to their health care is well accepted in adult medicine but, the value and importance of decision making in the care of children is not recognized. The major objection raised against allowing children to express their opinions concerning outcomes is that children do not understand probability. One way of assessing children's ability to understand probability is to test their mathematical knowledge using tests focused on probability and percentage. We have designed a set of questionnaires with 10 questions each, taken from the US Department of Education's National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). They are divided into 3 different groups (4th, 8th, and 12th grade), based on grade-level. We have also obtained the average percentage of correct-incorrect answers given to these questions by students nationwide, and the scoring system used to assess the student's proficiency level.

In this preliminary study we intend to present this set of 10 mathematical questions to children and to one of their parents.

  Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:   11 Years to 18 Years
Genders Eligible for Study:   Both
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Sampling Method:   Probability Sample
Study Population

This prospective study will involve one or two encounters with each child and a parent at the Anesthesia Resource Center (ARC) at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and the second visit at CHOP during the post-operative phase of recovery prior to discharge from the hospital.

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Males or females ages 11 to 18 years.
  2. Spoken and written English as primary language of both parents and children.
  3. Children scheduled to receive anesthesia.
  4. Parental/guardian permission (informed consent) and if appropriate, child assent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Children with known mental retardation, of any nature.
  2. Children who attend schools for children with special needs.
  Contacts and Locations
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00592800

Sponsors and Collaborators
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Children's Anesthesiology Associates, Ltd.
Investigators
Principal Investigator: Arjunan Ganesh, MBBS Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
  More Information

No publications provided

Responsible Party: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia ( Arjunan Ganesh, MBBS )
Study ID Numbers: 2007-1-5125
Study First Received: January 2, 2008
Last Updated: March 12, 2009
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00592800     History of Changes
Health Authority: United States: Institutional Review Board

Keywords provided by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia:
statistics
probability

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 07, 2009



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