A Study to Assess APO866 for the Treatment of Advanced Melanoma - Full Text View

Sponsored by:	TopoTarget A/S
Information provided by:	TopoTarget A/S
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00432107

Purpose

This phase II study is designed to determine the efficacy and safety of APO866 for the treatment of patients with advanced cutaneous melanoma. APO866 has shown to induce growth inhibition in cultures of human melanoma cells as well as in animal models with subcutaneously implanted melanoma tumors. APO866 was considered to be safe and well tolerated in a phase I study that treated 24 patients with advanced cancer. In that study one of the two patients with advanced melanoma had a stable disease for 5 months with size reduction of some lesions. APO866 is administered by intravenous infusion continuously for 96 hours that is repeated every 4 weeks. Patients will receive 3 cycles of treatment and the primary efficacy endpoint will be assessed at Week 16.

Patients will be follow-up for 12 months.

Condition	Intervention	Phase
Melanoma	Drug: APO866	Phase II

MedlinePlus related topics: Cancer Melanoma

U.S. FDA Resources

Study Type:	Interventional
Study Design:	Treatment, Non-Randomized, Open Label, Uncontrolled, Single Group Assignment, Safety/Efficacy Study
Official Title:	A Multi-Centre, Two-Stage, Open Label Phase II Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of APO866 in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Melanoma.

Further study details as provided by TopoTarget A/S:

Primary Outcome Measures:

To determine the tumor response rate (according RECIST criteria) as the proportion of eligible patients with stage IV cutaneous melanoma or stage III not amenable to surgery. [ Time Frame: Week 16 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]

Secondary Outcome Measures:

Safety and tolerability [ Time Frame: Week 16 and 12 months follow-up ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
Time to response [ Time Frame: Week 16 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
Duration of response [ Time Frame: Week 16 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
Progression free survival [ Time Frame: 12 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
Overall survival [ Time Frame: 12 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
Evolution of serum VEGF and IL-8 during treatment [ Time Frame: Week 16 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]

Enrollment:	43
Study Start Date:	August 2006
Study Completion Date:	January 2008
Primary Completion Date:	January 2008 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Intervention Details:

APO866 is administered as 0.126 mg/m²/hr IV every 4 weeks for 4 consecutive days (96 hours) for a total of 3 cycles

Detailed Description:

Advanced melanoma is one of the most chemo-resistant types of human cancers. The incidence increases by about 2.5% on an annual basis, with may partially be related to aging and growth of the population, as well as other environmental risk factors. Virtually no recent progress has been made in the treatment of patients with this disease. In the past 30 years, the FDA has approved only 2 agents, dacarbazine and interleukin-2, on the basis of overall response and response duration, respectively. However, these outcomes were not accompanied by a survival benefit. The most recent randomized study of DTIC yielded an overall response rate of 7%, and to date, no other treatments, including combination therapies, have shown to improve survival when compared to DTIC alone. Hence, the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced melanoma is DTIC-based therapy.

APO866 is a novel drug that induces cell death by specifically inhibiting the biosynthesis of NAD+ from niacinamide, which is essential for the cellular metabolism, protein modification and messenger synthesis. APO866 is not subject to the commonly known mechanisms of MDR. Its activity is cell cycle independent. APO866 exerted high anti-tumor activity on a broad range of different tumor cells derived from both human solid cancers and leukemias in vitro and on a large number of human xenografts in nude mice, including melanoma, and rats in vivo. Hematologic cancer cells were highly sensitive to APO866. Lymphocytes are the most sensitive normal cells to APO866 resulting in lymphocytopenia and reticulocytopenia in rats, monkeys. Furthermore, APO866 may have anti-angiogenic properties as shown in vivo.

APO866 was investigated in 24 patients with advanced cancers in a phase I study aiming to determine the DLT and MTD. Treatment was well tolerated and safe. The unique DLT was thrombocytopenia. At dose levels higher than 0.036 mg/m2/hr CTC grade III lymphocytopenia, not thought to be clinically relevant, preceded all other toxicities. The recommended dose for phase II studies of APO866 is 0.126 mg/m2/hr administered by civ infusion for 4 consecutive days evry 4 weeks. This dose was selected because of its safety profile, and the translational observation that Css of APO866 at MTD was similar or higher as compared to the concentrations at which efficacy was established in vitro and in vivo. In addition, a transient decrease of serum VEGF levels, a surrogate marker of angiogenesis, was observed within 96 hrs after the start of treatment in 9 out of 11 patients treated at MTD and the 0.144 mg/m2/hr dose level of APO866.

No objective tumor response was observed. However, 4 patients had stable disease for at least 3 months: prostate cancer (4 months), melanoma (5 months), sarcomatoid mesothelioma (3 months) and oropharyngeal cancer (5 months). In addition, lesion size reductions were observed in the melanoma patient (80% size reduction and stable size of other lesions) at an APO866 dose level of 0.072 mg/m2/hr, and in the mesothelioma patient (moderate size reductions of pleural lesions) at 0.108 mg/m2/hr.

Treatment with APO866 was safe and well tolerated. The anti-tumor effect of APO866, in particular on melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo, and its anti-angiogenic propriety support the rationale to conduct a open phase II study of APO866 in patients with advanced melanoma.

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:	18 Years and older
Genders Eligible for Study:	Both
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Histologically confirmed diagnosis of melanoma
Stage IV disease or stage III not amenable to surgery (AJCC, see Appendix A)
Measurable disease, defined as at least 1 malignant lesion that could be accurately and serially measured in at least 1 dimension and for which the greatest diameter is > or = 10 mm as measured by spiral computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or > or = 20 mm with conventional techniques. A caliper can be used for the measurement of superficial cutaneous metastases which are > or = 10 mm.
Patients must be able to undergo either contrast-enhanced CT-scan or contrast-enhanced MRI scan for tumor assessment
Only one previous systemic treatment (excluding prior systemic treatment as postoperative adjuvant therapy) is allowed and should have been terminated > 4 weeks before Study Day 1 (SD1).
Lack of response or progression of disease after the most recent systemic therapy for advanced melanoma
Patients must have recovered from the toxicity of any previously used treatment. All Adverse events of previous systemic treatment must have resolved to < grade I Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTC v3.0, see Appendix)
ECOG Performance Status < 1 (see Appendix C)
Age > 18 years, of either sex
Female patients with childbearing potential must be using a hormonal contraceptive, intra uterine device, diaphragm with spermicide or condom with spermicide for the duration of the study. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urinary hCG pregnancy test within 7 days prior to Study Day 1 (SD1)
Male patients, who are not surgically sterile, must use a condom with spermicide for the duration of the study and 3 months thereafter
Have given written informed consent, prior to any study related procedure not part of the patient's normal medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the patient at any time without prejudice to future medical care.

Exclusion Criteria:

Have participated in any other investigational study or received an experimental therapeutic procedure considered to interfere with the study in the 4 weeks preceding SD1
History of brain metastases or leptomeningeal disease
Bone-only metastatic disease
Use of prohibited medication due to CYP3A4 metabolism of APO866, as specified in Section 6.6.2. concomitant use of these drugs will not be allowed during the study.
Use of biphosphonate drug during the 30 days preceding the APO866 infusion and during the treatment period will not be allowed
Uncontrolled medical conditions, requiring surgical or pharmacological treatment (exceptions must be approved by the Medical Responsible of the study).
Serious concomitant disease (e.g. significant cardiac disease)
History of second cancer that was treated with curative intent and in complete remission for < 5 years, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma or cervical cancer in situ
Primary or acquired thrombocytopenia
Inadequate bone marrow reserve: WBC < 3.5x10^9/L, neutrophils < 1.0x10^9/L, thrombocytes < 100x10^9/L, Hb < 10.0 g/dL or coagulation abnormalities
Inadequate liver function: total bilirubin > 1.5 x upper limit of normal values (ULN), AST, ALT, or alkaline phosphatase > 2.5 x ULN
Have inadequate renal function, defined by serum creatinine > 1.5x ULN
Retinopathy, history of retinal laser surgery, or an ERG < 50% of normal
Pregnant of lactating female
Abuse of alcohol or other recreational drugs

Contacts and Locations

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00432107

Locations

Austria
Department of Dermatology, Medical University Graz
Graz, Austria, 8036
France
Department of Dermatologie, Hotel Dieu
Nantes, France, 44093
Department of Dermatology, Hopital Henri Modor
Créteil, France, 94010
Germany
Department of Dermatology, Hospital Dresden Friedrichstadt
Dresden, Germany, 01067
Department of Dermatology, Charité University Hospital Berlin
Berlin, Germany, 10117
University Clinic for Dermatology, Medical Faculty of Mannheim of the Heidelberg University
Mannheim, Germany, 68167
Switzerland
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich
Zürich, Switzerland, 8091

Sponsors and Collaborators

TopoTarget A/S

Investigators

Principal Investigator:

Uwe Trefzer, MD PhD

Department of Dermatology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstrasse 20-21, 10117 Berlin, Germany

More Information

No publications provided

Responsible Party:	TopoTarget A/S ( Nis Nissen, MD )
Study ID Numbers:	AP3003
Study First Received:	February 6, 2007
Last Updated:	March 12, 2009
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00432107 History of Changes
Health Authority:	Germany: Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices; Switzerland: Swissmedic; France: Afssaps - French Health Products Safety Agency

Keywords provided by TopoTarget A/S:

Advanced cutaneous melanoma
Phase II study

Study placed in the following topic categories:

Neuroectodermal Tumors
Nevus, Pigmented
Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal
Neuroepithelioma

Nevus
Melanoma, Familial
Neuroendocrine Tumors
Melanoma

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Neuroectodermal Tumors
Neoplasms
Neoplasms by Histologic Type
Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal

Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue
Nevi and Melanomas
Neuroendocrine Tumors
Melanoma

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 06, 2009