Brief Overview of the Novosibirsk Scientific
Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
May 2007
By Azim Mamanov, BISNIS representative in Novosibirsk
The lists of local and foreign companies and
contacts provided in this report are not comprehensive and do not constitute an
endorsement of the listed companies by the U.S. Department of Commerce.
INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT, U.S. & FOREIGN COMMERCIAL SERVICE AND U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FOR USE OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED
STATES.
Source: website of the
Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (www-sbras.nsc.ru)
SUMMARY
Siberian Branch of the
Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) was established in 1957. The Siberian
Branch incorporates the organizations of the Russian Academy of Science located
in Siberia.
The organizations
within the Siberian branch include fundamental and applied research
institutions and production facilities of the Russian Academy of Sciences and
service departments that support the infrastructure of research centers
established in multiple locations all over the territory of Siberia.
Research centers are
established in Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Yakutsk, Ulan-Ude,
Kemerovo, Tyumen, and Omsk, individual research institutions are located in
Barnaul, Chita, and Kyzyl. The Siberian Branch encompasses 74 research
institutions and 13 design bureaus working in different areas of physical,
mathematical, chemical, and biological sciences, Earth sciences, humanities and
economical science. The central location of the Siberian Branch is Novosibirsk.
The institutions can
be classified in several fields of scientific activity:
- Mathematics and
Informatics;
- Mechanics and Power
Engineering;
- Physics and
Engineering;
- Chemistry;
- Life Sciences;
- Earth Sciences;
- Social Sciences
The Siberian Branch
has 33051 employees (according to the data from 01.01.2005). Of the above 24933
work in research institutions, 1909 work in scientific services and 6209 work
in other services. There are 9117 researchers, of whom 58 are members of the
Russian Academy of Sciences, and 72 are corresponding members, 1685 hold the
degree of Doctor of Sciences and 4698 hold the degree of Candidate of Sciences.
This report provides
information on research institutions of the Siberian Branch, located in
Novosibirsk.
MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS
Institute of
Computational Technologies (http://www.ict.nsc.ru)
6 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3306150
Fax: +7-383-3306342
E-mail: ict@ict.nsc.ru
The Institute of
Computational Technologies was established in 1990. The Institute conducts both
fundamental and applied research on the cutting edge of informational and
computational technologies. Main directions of research are:
- Design and
implementation of the informational-telecommunication technologies;
- Mathematical modeling and computational algorithm development applied to a
wide rage of problems arising in mechanics of continuous media, physics and
ecology.
The Institute is a
leading organization on informational-telecommunication technologies within the
SB RAS. The institute has implemented and is now maintaining a regional SB RAS
data exchange network. This network covers scientific centers in Novosibirsk,
Irkutsk, Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk and other cities in Siberia. The network serves
more than 150 research, educational and social organizations with more than 40
000 active users. This network is the biggest academic network in Russia.
Many pioneering works
on the interval mathematics were conducted and the Institute is continuing to
hold a leading position in this field. The Institute is renowned for the
fundamental results in the qualitative theory of PDEs, justification of new
principals for the turbulence modeling and for the economical computational
splitting methods on structured and unstructured grids applied to aero and
hydro dynamics problems and plasma physics.
A number of important problems
of modeling of flows in hydro turbines, turbulent flows in the wakes behind the
bodies, stress-strain state calculation and determination of loads leading to
the failure of plates, cylindrical and combinational shells made from modern
composite materials have been solved.
Methods and
technologies for environmental monitoring are proposed including prediction of
emergences related to the tsunami run-up, dam breaking and pollution dispersion
in the atmosphere and water reservoirs. Models of interaction of the super
powerful laser pulses with plasma of sub and supercritical density are also
developed.
Computation
technologies for solving the problems of nonlinear optics (soliton transmission
lines, forced transmission systems with dispersion) are developed. A
mathematical model for the unsteady process of formation of the low temperature
vapor-water plasma in the semi closed volume under the action of high intensity
impulse electric discharge and subsequent flow of this plasma jet into
submerging area has been formulated.
A mathematical model
and the technique for numerical modeling of non stationary processes taking
place in various gas generators working on solid fuel are obtained. Such
devices, for example, are used for indoor fire fighting, in supercharging of
fuel tanks of the liquid-propellant rockets and in the crew emergency systems.
Institute of
Informatics Systems (http://www.iis.nsk.su)
6 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3308652
Fax: +7-383-3323494
E-mail: iis@iis.nsk.su
Institute of
Informatics Systems (IIS) was founded in April 1990. However, it has a long
history which started in 1958, when the Department of Programming was organized
at the Institute of Mathematics in Novosibirsk. The first project of the
Department was a design and implementation of the Algol-like algorithmic
language ALPHA.
In 1964 the Department
was transferred to the newly organized Computing Center headed by Academician
Gury I. Marchuk, former (and the last) President of the USSR Academy of
Sciences. During the 60's and 70's the Department was growing, extending
research areas from the compiler design to broader aspects of system
programming, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence and
experimental computer architecture. As a result, the Siberian school of the
system and theoretical programming has been formed. Now this school has leading
positions in many research areas.
In the 80's
experimental and application projects aimed at the validation and
implementation of previously developed theoretical concepts and methods were
initiated. These projects were related to modern problems of concurrent
programming languages, program verification and synthesis, program
optimization, new computer architecture and VLSI design.
Now the work performed
in the IIS covers each of the following research areas:
theoretical background
of computer science;
methods and tools of
constructing reliable and efficient programs;
artificial intelligence systems;
software and
application packages for new computers, systems and networks.
Institute
of Mathematics (http://www.math.nsc.ru)
4 Koptyug Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3332892
Fax: +7-383-3332598
E-mail: im@math.nsc.ru
Institute
of Mathematics was foundered in 1957. The institute scientists carry
out fundamental investigations in mathematics, mathematical physics,
and informatics in the following main fields:
Algebra, theory of
numbers, mathematical logic;
Geometry, topology,
and functional analysis;
Differential equations
and mathematical physics;
Probability and
mathematical statistics;
Numerical mathematics;
Mathematical modeling
and methods of applied mathematics.
MECHANICS AND POWER ENGINEERING
Institute of
Thermophysics (http://www.itp.nsc.ru)
1 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3308480
Fax: +7-383-3308480
E-mail: aleks@itp.nsc.ru
Institute of
Thermophysics was founded in 1957. Main fields of scientific research are:
-Thermophysical
Physical Properties of Substances;
-Thermophysical
Physical Fundamentals of Creation of New Substances;
-Low Temperature
Plasma;
-Combustion;
-Turbulence;
-Vortex Structures;
-Boiling and
Condensation;
-Wave Dynamics;
-Two-Phase Flow;
-Molecular Gas Dynamics;
-Ecological Problems
of Power Engineering;
-Thermophysical
Fundamentals of Hydrogen Energy Production;
-Thermophysical
Fundamentals of Fuel Cells
The institute has
extensive experience working with foreign companies, including Hewlett Packard,
General Motors, and Air Products and Chemicals.
Institute of
Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (www.itam.nsc.ru)
4/1 Institutskaya St.
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3304268
Fax: +7-383-3307268
E-mail: admin@itam.nsc.ru
The Institute of
Theoretical and Applied Mechanics was founded in 1957. The Institute
successfully works in the field of advance problems of mechanics. The main research
activities of the Institute deal with fundamental investigations in the field
of aerohydrodynamics of super- and hypersonic flows: hydrodynamic stability,
boundary layer, theory of fuel mixing and combustion in supersonic flows,
mechanics of multiphase media with regard for physico-chemical transformations,
plasma dynamics, and strength.
To promote the
integration of Russian scientists into the international scientific community,
the International Center of Aerophysical Research (ICAR) was founded at the
Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics in 1991. Since May 1997, The
Institute is a member of Supersonic Tunnels Association, International (STAI).
Institute of
Hydrodynamics (www.hydro.nsc.ru)
15 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3331612
Fax: +7-383-3331612
E-mail: igil@hydro.nsc.ru
The Institute was
founded in 1957. Main fields of scientific research are continuum mechanics, applied hydrodynamics, solid mechanics, and
detonation and explosion processes.
PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING
Institute of Semiconductor Physics (http://www.isp.nsc.ru)
13 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3332766
Fax: +7-383-3332771
E-mail: ifp@isp.nsc.ru
The
Institute of Semiconductor Physics (ISP) was founded in 1964 originating from
unification of the Institute of Solid State Physics and Semiconductor
Electronics and the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics, Siberian Branch,
USSR Academy of Sciences.
Nowadays
ISP is a scientific research center with a wide scale of activities accumulated
at the field of modern Semiconductor and Insulator physics, Physics and
Chemistry technology bases for Microelectronics, Microphotoelectronics,
Nanoelectronics and Acoustoelectronics, Information Technologies and Electronics.
The basic
achievements of the Institute are connected with researches of atomic processes
and the electronic phenomena occurring on surfaces and interfaces of
semiconductors also quantum effects in low-dimensional semiconductor systems :
superlattices, heterostructures with quantum wells, quantum wires and dots.
ISP has
mastered and developed technologies for fabrication of matrix IR
photodetectors, electron-optical image intensifiers, superhigh
frequency-transistors, quantum interferometers.
Long-term
efforts were made by the Institute for development of the molecular-beam
epitaxy technology and equipment (MBE) and for providing of modern diagnostic
systems which have become a basis for advanced nanotechnologies for
semiconductor electronics.
Institute of
Nuclear Physics (http://www.inp.nsk.su)
11 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3394760
Fax: +7-383-3307163
E-mail: Direction@inp.nsk.su
The Institute of
Nuclear Physics was founded in 1958. The institute conducts scientific research
in the following areas: nuclear physics, theoretical physics, elementary
particle physics, accelerator physics and techniques, synchrotron radiation,
plasma physics, thermonuclear fusion, and free electron lasers. The Institute
cooperates with research institutes in many countries of the world, including
USA, Italy, Germany, and France. The Institute constructed over 100 electron
accelerators for facilities in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Germany, Japan, China,
Poland, Hungary, Romania, South Korea, Italy, and India.
Institute of
Automation and Electrometry (http://www.iae.nsk.su)
1 Koptyug Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3333580
Fax: +7-383-3333863
E-mail: IAE@iae.nsk.su
The institute of
Automation and Electrometry was founded in 1957. Its main fields are laser
technology, optoelectronics, and computer graphics.
Institute of Laser
Physics (http://www.laser.nsc.ru)
13 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3332489
Fax: +7-383-3332067
E-mail: bagayev@laser.nsc.ru
The Institute of Laser
Physics was founded in 1991 on the basis of the
Department of Laser Physics of the Institute of Thermophysics.
Scientific
investigations in the following fields are performed at the Institute:
- Laser
spectroscopy of superhigh resolution and its fundamental applications;
- Laser frequency
standards;
- Solid-state and
semiconductor laser systems and materials of quantum electronics;
- Generation of
femtosecond pulses;
- The energy of
high-power lasers for scientific investigations and technologies;
- Lasers in medicine
and biology;
- Electronic systems
and computer technologies
investigations on numerous
international programs are also being performed. For example, our institute
participated in a program on the precision spectroscopy of hydrogen atom, in
which the Rydberg constant was determined with the highest possible accuracy.
First joint experiments on the absolute frequency measurement of the prohibited
transition of exotic muonium atom were performed jointly with the Heidelberg
University (Germany), the Rutherford Laboratory, and the Oxford University (UK)
within the framework of a special program. The Institute has scientific
contacts with a number of other foreign organizations, such as Max Planck
Institute for Quantum Optics, University Paris-Nord, Electrocommunications
University, and National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Technological
Design Institute of Scientific Instrument Engineering (http://www.tdisie.nsc.ru)
41 Russkaya St.,
Novosibirsk, Russia
630058
Phone: +7-383-3332760
Fax: +7-383-3329342
E-mail: chugui@tdisie.nsc.ru
The Technological
Design Institute of Scientific Instrument Engineering was founded in 1991 on
the basis of the Special Design Office of Scientific Instruments.
The Institute has developed and manufactured a wide range of competitive unique
and small series high-tech devices and systems. The range of products includes
a number of precision high-speed optoelectronic devices for non-contact
dimensional inspection and surface defects detection of industrial articles and
wheel pairs of running trains as well as novel laser image generators, unique
laser technological complex for articles cutting and ablation, digital X-Ray
systems for welding seams inspection, X-Ray luminescent diamond separators,
etc.
Highly qualified scientists, engineers and designers, experimental facilities
and pilot workshop allow to carry out research and development on prototypes
creation of radically novel competitive techniques based on optical, laser and
information technologies as well as to perform production, supply, ready-to-use
mounting and realize guarantee and post-guarantee servicing. The Institute has
been successfully cooperating with large Russian enterprises in various
industries:
1. Atomic industry —
Joint-Stock Company Novosibirsk Chemical Concentrates Plant, Engineering Plant,
Elektrostal City, Moscow Plant of Polymetals, Chepetsky Mechanical Plant,
Glazov City;
2. Mining Industry — Joint-Stock Company“ALROSA”, Moscow, Mirny City;
3. Railway transport — Enterprises of Joint- Stock Company ‘Russian Railways’;
4. Car Industry —Joint-Stock Company “AVTOVAZ”, Togliatti City;
5. Optomechanic Industry — The Ural Plant of Optomechanics, Ekaterinburg City.
CHEMISTRY
Boreskov Institute
of Catalysis (http://www.catalysis.ru)
5 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3308269
Fax: +7-383-3308056
E-mail: parmon@catalysis.ru
The Boreskov Institute
of Catalysis (BIC) was founded in 1958 . The BIC is now one of the largest
research centers worldwide specialized in catalysis. BIC has affiliations in St-Petersburg and Volgograd. The
permanent staff consists of 1000 employees, including 350 research scientists.
In 1994 the status of the State Research Center of the Russian Federation was
granted to the Institute under the Russian Government Decree.
The BIC’s R&D
activities span the areas from fundamental problems of catalysis to development
of new catalysts and catalytic technologies and to designing semi-commercial
plants for the catalysts manufacturing. The main fields of catalytic research
at the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis are establishment of general
physicochemical regularities of catalysis, development of scientific bases for
molecular design of materials and implementation of catalytic processes;
creation of new generation catalysts for chemical, refinery and petrochemical
industries, as well as creation of catalysts and technologies for innovative
application areas.
The primary aim of
fundamental studies is the prediction of catalytic action in order to create
engineering basis for production of catalysts, as well as to develop and
optimize catalytic processes.
The most important
among the fundamental studies are:
- Catalytic phenomena
on the atomic and molecular levels;
- Nature of active
centers of catalysts and the mechanisms of key catalytic reactions;
- Catalyst structures
and mechanisms of their formation;
- Kinetic studies and
mathematical modeling of catalytic processes.
Unique scientific
facilities are available at BIC’s laboratories, which allow the thorough
characterization of chemical composition and properties of catalysts,
investigation of mechanisms of catalytic reactions and creation of new
effective catalyst for various chemical industries.
The Boreskov Institute
of Catalysis is engaged in the National Federal Programs to do applied research
in practically important fields. It takes part international and national
programs and cooperates with a great number of Russian and foreign companies
and enterprises. More than 50 catalysts and catalytic technologies have been
created by BIC and industrially implemented. BIC’s products often are awarded
prizes and diplomas at prestigious international forums and exhibitions.
International
Tomography Center (http://www.tomo.nsc.ru)
3 Institutskaya St.
Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
Phone: +7-383-3331448
Fax: +7-383-3331399
E-mail: itc@tomo.nsc.ru
The International Tomography Center of
the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of the Sciences (ITC SB RAS) was
founded by the initiative of Academician Renad Sagdeev with the support of the
Presidium of SB RAS and of the Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion of
SB RAS. BRUKER Spectrospin ( Germany) contributed a lot to ITC establishment
and development. Since 2000, the International Tomography Center has been a
research institute at the Novosibirsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of
the RAS.
ITC SB RAS is the
one of the world-recognized leaders in spin chemistry, carrying out basic and
applied research in chemical physics and medicine. It also runs medical
examination of the population of the region using the method of
magnetic-resonance tomography. Main research fields of the Center are the
chemical bonding theory, reactivity of chemical compounds, mechanisms of
chemical reactions, magnetic phenomena in chemistry and medicine, spin and
exchange phenomena, including multispin coordination compounds, diagnostic
NMR-imaging and NMR-microimaging for physical-chemical applications,
development of fundamentally new magnetic materials. Discovery of the influence
of the constant magnetic field on radical reactions in solutions and of
magnetic isotope effect are of particular importance for modem chemistry that
are widely used all over the world. Fundamentally new techniques of studying the
mechanisms of chemical and biochemical reactions are being developed and
applied on the basis of spin effects. One of these techniques is the method of
magnetic-resonance microscopy, which enabled the first successful investigation
of multiphase catalystic reaction in a real-time mode. New methods of the
chemical design of molecular magnetics have been developed; a unique magnetic
phenomenon, the so-called “nonclassical spin transition” due to structural
rearrangement of complicated heterospin exchange clusters and the crystal
macrostructure on the whole has been discovered; an unusual class of solid
objects (“breathing crystals”) has been created.
In medical
diagnostics, ITC SB RAS develops the most advanced technology, the method of
magnetic tomography.
The Laboratory of
Medical Diagnostics of ITC SB RAS renders invaluable assistance to practical
medicine by solving complicated problems, providing advice concerning
magnetic-resonance tomography to doctor and patients. Patients are examined
with the use of the super-conducting Tomicon S-50 MR-imager manufactured by
BRUKER, which provides ell-reasoned conclusions and high-quality MR /images.
More than 5 thousand people undergo tomographic examination annually.
Main medical
diagnostics applications of MR-imager are oncology and hematology,
neuropathology and neurosurgery, thoracic and abdominal surgery,
gastroenterology and endocrinology, urinology and gynecology, traumatology and
orthopaedy. In complicated cases patients are examined with the use of contrasting
preparations to diagnose oncological and degenerate diseases. The most advanced
techniques of magnetic-resonance tomography are developed and applied in the
laboratory: ultraspeed scanning, MR angiography, cine-MR-lymphography, and
cine-MR-cholecystopancreatography.
Research activities of
the Laboratory are focused on clinical anatomy, studying of real lifetime sizes
and forms of internals in healthy and sick patients: nerve tissue, subarachnoid
space and vascular structures of the brain and neck, big vessels of mediastinum
and heart, pectoral lymphatic duct, biliferous tract, etc. The Laboratory staff
members are involved in training of students and specialists in
magnetic-resonance tomography.
In addition to the
basic research laboratories, ITC includes department for applied developments
and a service department for scientific and medical equipment that is
responsible for installation and maintenance of BRUKER equipment in Russia.
ITC SB RAS is equipped
with modem scientific devices, such as DRX-300MR spectrometer-microimager, a
unique system for magnetic chemical research MPMS-5S (Quantum Design), SMART
APEX monocrystal difractometer (BRUKER AXS), etc.
Being a scientific
institution, ITC SB RAS is financed from the federal budget, some additional
funds are available from Russian and foreign grants, international projects,
contracts and agreements with Russian and foreign partners.
Institute of
Chemical Kinetics and Combustion (http://www.kinetics.nsc.ru)
3 Institutskaya St.
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3309150
Fax: +7-383-3307350
E-mail: nina@ns.kinetics.nsc.ru
Institute of Chemical
Kinetics and Combustion (ICK&C) was founded in 1957. The success achieved
in the 40-ies and 50-ies by the scientific school of Academician N.N. Semenov,
Nobel Prize winner, has put forward chemical kinetics as the division of
chemical physics to the frontier of chemical science. To understand the
mechanisms of chemical reactions, to know the laws of reaction evolution with
time means to govern a chemical process.
Scientific interests
of the Institute at its early stage were mostly related to the combustion of
solid fuels, and also to the physics and chemistry of aerosols. Research areas
in ICK&C had been completely settled in the 70’s-80’s. Progress in the
field of kinetics was connected mostly with chemical radiospectroscopy, i.e.
the application of magnetic resonance to structural chemistry and to kinetics
with simultaneous development of theory and experiment for these purposes.
Another modern
research area is spin chemistry that was created mainly by investigations
conducted in the Institute. Spin chemistry reveals the effects of magnetic
field and spin state on the interaction between active intermediate particles
in elementary chemical steps. Last but not least, the idea to selectively
govern chemical reactions has been the basis for laser (infrared)
photochemistry. The priority works in this field have also been performed in
the Institute. Research areas dealing with combustion and the physical
chemistry of aerosols are also developing successfully in the Institute. The
major directions in this field are the studies of combustion mechanisms in gas
phase and in condensed phases, the processes of aerosol formation and
transport.
The Institute has
traditionally wide international links in all the major research areas, holds
international workshops, seminars, conferences. Within the last 5 years the
joint works have been published with the researchers from 40 foreign
universities and institutes; several tens grants from international foundations
have been won. Systematic investigations are carried out in the frames of
international collaboration programs: Conversion of the Energy of Light into
Chemical Energy during Photosynthesis (The Netherlands, Japan), Aerosols of
Siberia (Germany, Belgium), Spin Chemistry (USA, England, Japan, Germany,
Switzerland), Combustion of Solid Fuels (Italy, The Netherlands, USA), the
Development of Chemical Radiospectroscopy Technique (USA, The Netherlands,
Germany).
Institute of Solid
State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry (http://www.solid.nsc.ru/)
18 Kutateladze St.,
Novosibirsk, Russia
630128
Phone: +7-383-3328683
Fax: +7-383-3322847
E-mail: root@solid.nsc.ru
The Institute is one
of the oldest Siberian scientific establishments. It was organized in 1944 as
the Chemical Metallurgical Institute. After the establishment of the Siberian
branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences which incorporated the Institute, it
obtained a more purposeful and specialized structure. It was renamed in 1964
into the Institute of Physicochemical Principles of Mineral Raw Materials
Processing. The main idea of the Institute was the research work aimed at the
development of theoretical foundations for processing various types of mineral
raw material: ores, nonferrous and rare metals, non-valuable aluminosilicates,
naturally occurring salts, and solid fossil fuel.
A new direction of
fundamental research, solid state chemistry, is being developed since 1975, and
in 1980 the Institute has received the new title, the Institute of Solid State
Chemistry and Mineral Raw Materials Processing.
The scientific
approach being developed at the Institute is based on the detailed study of the
kinetics and mechanism of topochemical reactions, a special class of solid
state transformations characterized by the selective occurrence of chemical
transformations in the volume of solid reagent.
The results suggested
the ways to control reactivity of solids. The ideas developed in the basic
research have found practical application. New materials for recording optical
information, new unique technology of palladium-free metallization of
dielectrics were design at the end of the 70's - beginning of the 80's years. A
new direction has been born, the application of non-thermal methods of the
activation of solid phase processes.
Basic research in the
field of mechanochemistry carried out at the Institute is directed towards the
investigation of the nature of metastable and unstable states of the solids,
the study of the properties of mechanocomposites. Along with the basic research
in the field of mechanochemistry, the Institute carries out the works on
improving the methods of investigating mechanochemical processes and designing
the devices to carry out mechanical activation.
At the end of 70's
years, studies of the formation of defects in crystals during mechanical
activation allowed to design acid-free technology of the production of
phosphorus fertilizers and the new method of selective sorbtion of lithium from
the underground highly mineralized water. At the 80's years, studies of the solid
state interaction mechanism under the action of mechanical impulse have lead to
the creation of new materials for stomatology, to the new method of synthesis
and regeneration of Raney nickel catalyst, to the synthesis of rapidly
dissolving aspirin. In recent years the studies were conducted which allowed to
propose the ways of improvement in the technology of oxide superconductor
synthesis, new pigments and high-current ion conductors.
Another method of
solid-state process activation, radiation-thermal, is under investigation at
the Institute since the end of the 80's years. The technology of obtaining
nanodisperse oxide powder for the production of construction ceramics has been
worked out.
In recent years
extensive works are aimed at the synthesis of new materials: high purity
bismuth compounds, metal carbides and silicides, intermetallic compounds, etc.
At the Institute, the
solving of problems connected with ecology attracted much attention during the
last 20 years. An electroionite apparatus and technology were designed for
obtaining high pure water. The compositions and technologies for the production
of new building materials were designed utilizing solid wastes of industry and
power engineering. A new highly efficient electrochemical method involving
flow-type porous electrodes has been worked out at the Institute in the frame
of the problem of utilization of precious and non-ferrous metals from
industrial solutions.
Institute of
Organic Chemistry (http://www.nioch.nsc.ru)
9 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3308850
Fax: +7-383-3309752
E-mail: benzol@nioch.nsc.ru
The Novosibirsk
Institute of Organic Chemistry was founded in 1958 to develop chemistry and
technology of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds, some divisions of chemistry
of natural compounds (primarily, forest chemistry) and chemistry of nucleic
acids. Well-equipped research groups in physicochemical methods of analysis
(UV, IR, mass, NMR, X-ray and gas-chromatographic analyses) were organized for
assisting in the development of studies in these fields. Since 1964 a pilot
chemical plant has been operating, where technologies for the preparation of
fine chemical synthesis products have been developed in pilot setups.
Presently, main fields
of the Institute activity are:
- Study of kinetics
and mechanisms of electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution and
molecular rearrangements; structure and properties of active intermediate
particles (carbocations, radical ions and carbanions); and a quantitative
description and prediction of the reactivity of organic compounds in reactions
with the intermediate formation of these particles;
- Development of
synthetic methods in the chemistry of aromatic, fluoroaromatic, heterocyclic
and organoelement compounds;
- Development of
methods for the preparation of components for new promising materials (polymer
stabilizers, photosensitive materials, monomers for thermally stable polymers,
etc.);
- Studies in the area
of renewable plant raw materials, forest chemistry, chemistry of natural
compounds from plant raw materials of Siberia; searching for new
physiologically active natural compounds of the terpene series;
- Development of
technological methods for the preparation of organic compounds based on the
scientific developments carried out in the Institute in various branches of
industry;
- Studies on chemical
aspects of ecology, assistance in environmental protection and other institutions
in the development and management of analytical methods for the control of the
content of harmful substances in food products and environmental objects;
- Creation of computer
data bases on the molecular spectroscopy of organic compounds and software for
the solution of problems associated with the manipulation with structural
information.
The Institute has
extensive international scientific contacts. It participates in the realization
of joint projects involving cooperation agreements between the Department of
General and Technical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Center
of National Research (CNR) of Italy and agreements between the Siberian Branch
of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Academies of Sciences of China,
Mongolia and Tohoku University (Japan). There are direct agreements concerning
scientific cooperation with universities and scientific centers in Germany. The
Scientific Technical Center of Chemical Information of the Institute is
involved in the International Scientific Technical Network (STN International).
The Institutes has active commercial contacts with firms in Belgium, the USA,
France, Japan and Italy.
LIFE SCIENCES
Institute of
Cytology and Genetics (http://www.bionet.nsc.ru)
10 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3333526
Fax: +7-383-3331278
E-mail: shumny@bionet.nsc.ru
The Institute of Cytology and Genetics (IC&G) was among the first ten founded within the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1957.
Underlying the
development of the IC&G was the idea to integrate molecular, cellular,
developmental and population studies aiming at a better understanding of the
genetic mechanisms of variability and evolution. Research emphasis was on the
development of plant and animal models for investigating the genetic structure
of complex, in functional terms, characters of behavior, stress reactivity,
reproductive systems hereditary human and animal diseases, symbiotic nitrogen
fixation in plants, among others.
Accordingly, the
research of the IC&G is concentrated in studying:
- The structural and
functional organization of genetic material at the levels of the genome,
chromosome, and gene. Reconstruction of the genome, transgenesis in plants and
animals;
- The
molecular-genetic and genetic-evolutionary bases of the functioning of
physiological systems providing vital processes. Chromosome and gene
diagnostics of inherited and multifactorial diseases;
- The
genetic-evolutionary aspects of population biology and biodiversity.
development of new methods of animal and plant genetics and breeding for
efficient use of gene pools.
Many laboratories of
the IC&G collaborated with colleagues abroad. Research was supported by
international project grants provided by the European foundations INTAS, NATO
and Britain's Wellcome Trust, collaboration was also expressed as working
agreements between the IC&G and laboratories, universities, institutes in USA,
England, Germany, Finland, Israel, Sweden, Switzerland, China and other
countries. The IC&G maintained productive working relations with Ukraine,
Belarus and Kazakhstan by collaborating in research programs.
Institute of Сhemical Biology
and Fundamental Medicine (http://www.niboch.nsc.ru)
8 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3333328
Fax: +7-383-3333677
E-mail: niboch@niboch.nsc.ru
The institute was founded in 1984. Main fields of research are:
- Development of
approaches for regulation of genes expression using oligonucleotide
derivatives. Chemistry of nucleic acids: synthesis of oligonucleotide analogs and
conjugates; design of antisense reagents;
- Assay of
oligonucleotide derivatives as antisense agents in vitro and in vivo;
development of new methods of oligonucleotide delivery into cells;
investigation of the mechanisms of oligonucleotides action in living organisms;
- Enzymology of
replication, transcription, translation and repair;
- Structure and
regulation of human and other vertebrates genes;
- Investigation of
human viruses: expression of tick-borne encephalitis virus genes and role of
viral proteins in the pathogenesis;
- Molecular basis of
gene therapy and gene immunization;
- Development of new
methods for medical diagnostics.
EARTH SCIENCES
The United
Institute of Geology, Geophysics & Mineralogy (http://geology.uiggm.nsc.ru)
3 Koptyug Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3332600
Fax: +7-383-3332792
E-mail: metelkin@uiggm.nsc.ru
The United
Institute of Geology, Geophysics & Mineralogy starts its history since
1957. It incorporates Institutes of Geology, Geophysics, Mineralogy and
Petrography, Oil and Gas Geology.
SOCIAL SCIENCES
Institute of
Archeology and Ethnography (http://www.archaeology.nsc.ru)
17 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3300537
Fax: +7-383-3301191
E-mail: novik@archaeology.nsc.ru
Archaeology, System analysis in archaeology, Ethnography, Mathematical analysis in archaeology, Computer science in archaeology, Prehistory
Institute of
Economics and Industrial Engineering (http://econom.nsc.ru/ieie)
17 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3300536
Fax: +7-383-3302580
E-mail: ieie@ieie.nsc.ru
Institute of economics
and industrial engineering is the first scientific organization of economical
profile to the East of Ural.
Institute of Economics
and Statistics was founded in 1957. In1958, the Institute was renamed to the
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering. Main fields of research
activities are: investigation of dynamics, structural and economical changes in
Russia problems of industrial development in terms of multi-industrial
complexes, groups of interrelated industries and enterprises in forming market
economics problems of government regional politics of regional management and
complex development of Siberian economics social problems of changes in society
and economics theoretical and applied problems of economical informatics
Institute of
History (http://www.history.nsc.ru)
17 Lavrentiev Ave
Novosibirsk, Russia
630090
Phone: +7-383-3300536
Fax: +7-383-3302580
E-mail: lamin@history.nsc.ru
For more information on Siberia, please visit: http://www.bisnis.doc.gov/bisnis/country/siberia.cfm
BISNIS Representative in Novosibirsk: Azim
Mamanov (bisnis-nsk@mail.ru)
