Funding Support - 2009
Printer-friendly VersionAn important aspect of scientific publication is the indication of funding support. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH®), which is used by the National Library of Medicine® (NLM®) to describe the contents of journal articles for MEDLINE®, includes publication types to cover financial support of the research that resulted in the published paper when that support is mentioned in the article:
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
These publication types are searchable in PubMed®. The table below gives the number of PubMed citations retrieved as of January 14, 2009. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; and Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't have been used since 1975. Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural and Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural have been used since June 2005. It is important to remember that these publication types may be present on any citation regardless of its publication date as long as it was completely processed during or after 1975 and 2005, respectively.
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Funding Support
(The PubMed search tags [dp] and [pt] stand for date of publication and publication type.)Total Citations 2008* [dp] 2007 [dp] 2006 [dp] 2005 [dp] 2004 [dp] Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. [pt] 1,669,341 80,743 90,510 87,763 79,176 72,160 Number (and percent) of PHS Support in PubMed Central
239,954
(14%)12,486
(15%)23,962
(26%)19,118
(22%)14,188
(18%)10,380
(14%)Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural[pt]
285,984 75,523 85,115 82,537 62,044 4,786 Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural[pt]
12,139 4,295 4,399 3,794 857 11 NIH Support (see strategy below)
1,394,891 79,579 89,905 86,409 75,938 64,031 Number (and percent) of NIH Support in PubMed Central
209,209
(15%)13,205
(16%)25,298
(28%)19,673
(23%)14,241
(19%)9,481
(15%)Percent of "Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S" coming entirely or in-part from NIH
84% 98% 99% 98% 96% 88% Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.[pt] 495,141 26,946 30,030 28,688 26,135 24,255 Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't[pt] 3,742,696 259,744 286,180 267,143 243,098 218,211 - * More recent dates of publication are not complete due to publication cycles and processing times.
In general, the counts in the above chart do not include citations to articles authored by NIH or PHS scientists (or by scientists in the other categories) unless the research was also supported by a grant that was mentioned in the article or there is explicit acknowledgement in the article that the work was "supported by the Intramural Research Program of NIH."
NIH Support is data obtained by a search strategy containing all the NIH 2-letter grant codes and institute acronyms as well as the two publication types, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural and Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural. In 1981, NLM began to carry the actual grant number for PHS grants, just as it appears in the original article, in the MEDLINE citation. No attempt is made to standardize the format of the grant numbers, except for the prefix portion where the correct format contains the number '0' (zero) and not the letter 'O', e.g.: R01 and not RO1. A computer algorithm scans the grant number to isolate the 2-letter grant code and then adds the agency/institute acronym to the citation. The data are only as dependable as the original source and some mislabeling of the supporting institution may occur as a result of the machine parsing, but the numbers are a good indication of the literature acknowledging research support that is being indexed for MEDLINE.
The search strategy is:
- AA[gr] OR NIAAA[gr] OR AG[gr] OR NIA[gr] OR AI[gr] OR AO[gr] OR NIAID[gr] OR AM[gr] OR NIADDK[gr] OR AR[gr] OR NIAMS[gr] OR AT[gr] OR NCCAM[gr] OR CA[gr] OR NCI[gr] OR CO[gr] OR BC[gr] OR PC[gr] OR SC[gr] OR CN[gr] OR CB[gr] OR CP[gr] OR CM[gr] OR CL[gr] OR CLC[gr] OR CT[gr] OR CIT[gr] OR DA[gr] OR NIDA[gr] OR DC[gr] OR NIDCD[gr] OR DE[gr] OR NIDCR[gr] OR DK[gr] OR NIDDK[gr] OR DS[gr] OR ES[gr] OR NIEHS[gr] OR EY[gr] OR NEI[gr] OR GM[gr] OR NIGMS[gr] OR HD[gr] OR NICHD[gr] OR HG[gr] OR NHGRI[gr] OR HL[gr] OR NHLBI[gr] OR HV[gr] OR HB[gr] OR HR[gr] OR HI[gr] OR HO[gr] OR HC[gr] OR LM[gr] OR NLM[gr] OR MH[gr] OR NIMH[gr] OR NR[gr] OR NINR[gr] OR NS[gr] OR NINDS[gr] OR OD[gr] OR GF[gr] OR JT[gr] OR NIH[gr] OR ORS[gr] OR RG[gr] OR CSR[gr] OR RR[gr] OR NCRR[gr] OR RS[gr] OR DRS[gr] OR RC[gr] OR CCR[gr] OR TW[gr] OR FIC[gr] OR WH[gr] OR WHI[gr] OR WTEP[gr] OR MD[gr] OR NCMHD[gr] OR EB[gr] OR NIBIB[gr] OR GW[gr] OR GAS[gr] OR NB[gr] OR OF[gr] OR ORFDO[gr] OR OL[gr] OR OLAO[gr] OR RM[gr] OR RMOD[gr] OR SF[gr] OR SBRP[gr] OR Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural [pt] OR Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural [pt]
For comparison purposes, the overall citation counts in PubMed as of January 14, 2009 were:
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MEDLINE 17,123,490 PubMed-not-MEDLINE 327,867 In process 277,447 Publisher supplied 448,142 OLDMEDLINE 409,345 All PubMed 18,586,291