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Annotated List of
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Acknowledgments
Prepared by Mary V. Burke, Research and Development Statistics (RDS) Program,
Division of Science Resources Studies, National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230.
Overall direction was provided by John E. Jankowski, Jr., Program Director, RDS.
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Links to the most current reports in the Federally Funded Research and Development Centers series are available on the publication series page.
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Contents
General Notes
Master Government List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers, FY
1998, by Sponsoring Agencies
Geographic Location of FFRDCs
Categories of Activities of FFRDCs
Decertifications, Closures and Renaming of FFRDCs, 1968-97
Descriptions of Individual FFRDCs
General
Notes 
Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs) have evolved from research facilities established to meet the special needs of World War II. Until 1967 the centers were called "Federal Contract Research Centers." In that year the Federal Council for Science and Technology (FCST) set criteria for the newly-named "Federally Funded Research and Development Centers." The FCST Memorandum of November 1, 1967 included:
General Guidelines
In general, all of the following criteria should be met by an institutional unit before it is to be included in the category "Federally Funded Research and Development Center."
(a) Primary activities include one or more of the following: basic research, applied research, development, or management of R&D; specifically excluded are organizations engaged primarily in: routine quality control and testing, routine service activities, production, mapping and surveys, and information dissemination.(b) Constitute a separate organizational unit within the parent organization or is organized as a separately incorporated organization.
(c) Performs actual R&D or R&D management either upon direct request of the Government or under a broad charter from the Government, but in either case under the direct monitorship of the Government.
(d) Receives its major financial support (70% or more) from the Federal Government, usually from one agency.
(e) Has or is expected to have a long-term relationship with its sponsoring agency (about five years or more), as evidenced by the specific obligations it and the agency assume. [1]
(f) Most or all of the facilities are owned or funded for in the contract by the Government.
(g) Has an average annual budget (operating and capital equipment) of at least $500,000. [2]
In 1984 the Office of Federal Procurement Policy amended the criteria to read as follows:
5.c. Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC).
(1) FFRDCs do not have a prescribed organizational structure. They can range from the traditional contractor-owned/contractor-operated or Government-owned/contractor-operated (GOCO) organizational structures to various degrees of contractor/Government control and ownership. In general, however, all of the following criteria should be met before an activity is identified as an FFRDC:(a) Performs, analyzes, integrates, supports (non-financial) and/or manages basic research, applied research, and/or development. (Activities primarily engaged in routine quality control and testing, routine service activities, production, mapping, and surveys, and information dissemination, even though otherwise meeting the requirements of paragraph 5.c., are specifically excluded from FFRDC designation.)(b) Performance of the functions in 5.c.(1)(a) is either upon the direct request of the Government or under a broad charter from the Government, but in either case the results are directly monitored by the Government. However, the monitoring shall not be such as to create a personal services relationship, or to cause disruptions that are detrimental to the productivity and/or quality of the FFRDC's work.
(c) The majority of the activity's financial support (70% or more) is received from the Government with a single agency usually predominating in that financial support.
(d) In general, most or all of the facilities are owned by the Government or funded, under contract, by the Government.
(e) The activity is operated, managed and/or administered by either a university or consortium of universities, other nonprofit organization or industrial firm as an autonomous organization or as an identifiable separate operating unit of a parent organization.
(f) A long term relationship evidenced by specific agreement exists or is expected to exist between the operator, manager, or administrator of the activity and its primary sponsor.
(2) In addition to the above criteria, the relationship between the activity and the Government should exhibit the following characteristics in order to qualify for FFRDC identification:
(a) The activity (organization and/or facilities) is brought into existence at the initiative of a Government agency or bureau to meet some special research or development need which, at the time, cannot be met as effectively by existing in-house or contractor resources.(b) Work from other than a sponsoring agency is undertaken only to the extent permitted by the sponsoring agency and in accordance with the procedures of the sponsoring agency.
(c) The activity, whether the operator of its own or a Government-owned facility, has access, beyond that which is common to the normal contractual relationship, to Government and/or supplier data, employees, and facilities needed to discharge its responsibilities efficiently and effectively, whether the data is sensitive/proprietary or not.
(d) The primary sponsor undertakes the responsibility to assure a reasonable continuity in the level of support to the activity consistent with the agency's need for the activity and the terms of the sponsoring agreement.
(e) The activity is required to conduct its business in a responsible manner befitting its special relationship with the Government, to operate in the public interest free from organizational conflict of interest, and to disclose its affairs (as an FFRDC) to the primary sponsor. [3]
In 1990 additional Federal Acquisition Regulations criteria for FFRDCs were published in the Federal Register:
35.017 (a)
(2) An FFRDC meets some special long-term research or development need which cannot be met as effectively by existing in-house or contractor resources. FFRDC's enable agencies to use private sector resources to accomplish tasks that are integral to the mission and operation of the sponsoring agency. An FFRDC, in order to discharge its responsibilities to the sponsoring agency, has access, beyond that which is common to the normal contractual relationship, to Government and supplier data, including sensitive and proprietary data, and to employees and facilities. The FFRDC is required to conduct its business in a manner befitting its special relationship with the Government, to operate in the public interest with objectivity and independence, to be free from organizational conflicts of interest, and to have full disclosure of its affairs to the sponsoring agency. It is not the Government's intent that an FFRDC use its privileged information or access to facilities to compete with the private sector. However, an FFRDC may perform work for other than the sponsoring agency under the Economy Act, or other applicable legislation, when the work is not otherwise available from the private sector.(3) FFRDC's are operated, managed, and/or administered by either a university or consortium of universities, other not-for-profit or nonprofit organization, or an industrial firm, as an autonomous organization or as an identifiable separate operating unit of a parent organization.
(4) Long-term relationships between the Government and FFRDC's are encouraged in order to provide the continuity that will attract high-quality personnel to the FFRDC. This relationship should be of a type to encourage the FFRDC to maintain currency in its field(s) of expertise, maintain its objectivity and independence, preserve its familiarity with the needs of its sponsor(s), and provide a quick response capability. [4]
Several National Science Foundation (NSF) publications report funding or expenditures data for FFRDCs. These include the following annual series: Academic Science and Engineering: R&D Expenditures; Federal Funds for Research and Development; Federal Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions; and Research and Development in Industry. To meet the needs of these publications, since the 1950's NSF has maintained a list of Federal Contract Research Centers and since 1967, of FFRDCs.
In 1990 NSF was given new responsibilities under the Federal Acquisition Regulation as recorded in the Federal Register:
"35.017-6 Master list of FFRDC's.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) maintains a list of FFRDC's. Primary sponsors will provide information on each FFRDC, including sponsoring agreements, mission statements, funding data, and type of R&D being performed, to the NSF upon its request for such information." [5]
Thus, NSF maintains the Master Government List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers but does not decide which organizations meet the FFRDC criteria. Rather, NSF adds each FFRDC to the list when the head of the sponsoring agency notifies NSF in writing that he or she has approved a new FFRDC. [6]
As keeper of the Master Government List of FFRDCs, NSF receives many questions from the public and other agencies about the FFRDCs. This list, "Annotated List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers," has been prepared to help the public understand the work of FFRDCs; to stimulate participation in technology transfer programs; and to provide Federal agencies with information to administer programs that involve FFRDCs. Among the current programs are the Small Business Administration’s Small Business Technology Transfer Program (STTR), the Small Business Innovation Research program, the Department of Commerce/National Institute of Standards and Technology’s Advanced Technology Program, the Department of Defense’s Dual Use Applications Program, the Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental Technology Initiative, and the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980. Additional information on these programs are available from the National Science Foundation’s Science & Engineering Indicators 1996, Chapter 4, the General Accounting Office’s Federal Research: Preliminary Information on the Small Business Technology Transfer Program, and the Department of Energy’s Strategic Laboratory Missions Plan-Phase I, July 1996.
Congress passed the National Competitiveness Technology Transfer Act of 1989 to partner United States companies with government-owned, contractor operated facilities for the development of a specific technology for the companies' commercial purposes. Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs) are the formalized agreements between the companies and the laboratories. Many of the FFRDCs have established CRADAs. Legislation such as 15 USC 3710a allows Federal agencies to permit the directors of any of their Government-owned, contractor-operated laboratories to enter into CRADAs on behalf of the agencies.
The Department of Energy has the Work for Others Program which allows non-DOE entities to contract with DOE facilities for tasks related to the facilities' core capabilities.
This "Annotated List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers" was prepared from the wording in individual FFRDCs' contracts, sponsoring agreements, cooperative agreements, mission statements, memoranda of agreement, statements of work, designations as FFRDCs, and Home Pages. All FFRDCs now maintain Home Page sites on the World Wide Web and users of the Annotated List of FFRDCs should use the embedded HOTLINKS to these sites for up-to-date information, addresses, phone numbers, etc..
The National Science Foundation is often asked for financial data concerning the FFRDCs. There is no one complete source for such data. Researchers should access each of the FFRDCs Home Pages to see what data are provided. Data on one part of the FFRDCs funding are collected by NSF. These data items are Federal obligations for research and development and for R&D plant. They are published in the annual series, Federal Funds for Research and Development.
FOOTNOTES
[1] In practice, agencies review
their need for each FFRDC at least once every five years. The period of performance
for FFRDC contracts ranges from one to five years.
[2] Donald F. Hornig, "Memorandum
to Members of Federal Council for Science and Technology, Subject: Federally
Funded Research and Development Centers" (Washington, D.C.: unpublished memorandum
from the Federal Council for Science and Technology, Executive Office of the
President, November 1, 1967).
[3] Donald E. Sowle, "OFPP Policy
Letter 84-1 to the Heads of Executive Departments and Establishments, Subject:
Federally Funded Research and Development Centers" (Washington, D.C.: letter
from the Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget,
Office of Federal Procurement Policy, April 4, 1984).
[4] National Archives and Records
Administration, Office of the Federal Register, Federal Register, vol. 55,
no. 24, February 5, 1990, p. 3885.
[5] Ibid., p. 3886.
[6] Ibid.
Master Government List of Federally-Funded Research and Development Centers
Fiscal Year 1998
Revised March 31, 1998
The administrator of each FFRDC appears in parentheses.
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Office of the Secretary of Defense
Administered by universities and colleges [1] :
Software Engineering Institute [2] (Carnegie Mellon University), Pittsburgh, PA
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :
Institute for Defense Analyses Studies and Analyses FFRDC (Institute for Defense Analyses), Alexandria, VALogistics Management Institute (Logistics Management Institute) McLean, VA
National Defense Research Institute (RAND Corp. [4] ), Santa Monica, CA
C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center (MITRE Corp. [3] ), Bedford, MA and McLean, VA
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :Institute for Defense Analyses Communications and Computing Federally Funded Research and Development Center [6] (Institute for Defense Analyses), Alexandria, VA
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :Center for Naval Analyses (The CNA Corporation), Alexandria, VA
Administered by universities and colleges [1] :Lincoln Laboratory (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Lexington, MA
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :
Aerospace Federally Funded Research and Development Center (The Aerospace Corporation), El Segundo, CA
Project Air Force (RAND Corp. [4] ), Santa Monica, CA
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :Arroyo Center (RAND Corp. [4] ), Santa Monica, CA
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Administered by industrial firms:Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory [7] (Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company), Idaho Falls, ID
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corp.), Oak Ridge, TN
Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia Corporation which is a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corp.), Albuquerque, NM
Savannah River Technology Center (Westinghouse Savannah River Co.), Aiken, SC
Administered by universities and colleges [1] :Ames Laboratory (Iowa State University of Science and Technology), Ames, IA
Argonne National Laboratory (University of Chicago), Argonne, IL
Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (University of California), Berkeley, CA
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Universities Research Association, Inc.), Batavia, IL
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (University of California), Livermore, CA
Los Alamos National Laboratory (University of California), Los Alamos, NM
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Inc.), Oak Ridge, TN
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (Princeton University), Princeton, NJ
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (Leland Stanford, Jr., University), Stanford, CA
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Southeastern Universities Research Association, Inc.), Newport News, VA
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :Brookhaven National Laboratory [8] (Brookhaven Science Associates, Inc.), Upton, Long Island, NY
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (Midwest Research Institute), Golden, CO
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Battelle Memorial Institute), Richland, WA
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
National Institutes of HealthAdministered by industrial firms:
NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center (Science Applications International Corp.; Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc.; Charles River Laboratories, Inc.; Data Management Services, Inc.), Frederick, MD
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
Administered by universities and colleges [1] :Jet Propulsion Laboratory (California Institute of Technology), Pasadena, CA
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
Administered by universities and colleges [1] :National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (Cornell University), Arecibo, PR
National Center for Atmospheric Research (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research), Boulder, CO
National Optical Astronomy Observatories (Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc.), Tucson, AZ
National Radio Astronomy Observatory (Associated Universities, Inc.), Green Bank, WV
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [[3] ]:
Critical Technologies Institute (RAND Corp. [4] ), Washington, D.C.
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Administered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses (Southwest Research Institute), San Antonio, TX
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation AdministrationAdministered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :
Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (MITRE Corp. [5] ), McLean, VA
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue ServiceAdministered by other nonprofit institutions [3] :
Tax Systems Modernization Institute (IIT Research Institute), Lanham, MD
NOTES
[1] Includes university consortia.
[2] In June 1997 Office of the Secretary of Defense, not
DARPA, became the sponsor of the Software Engineering Institute.
[3] That is, other than universities and colleges.
[4] The following portions of the RAND Corporation are FFRDCs:
National Defense Research Institute (formerly Defense/Office
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff), Project Air Force, the Arroyo
Center and the Critical Technologies Institute. All
other agency support to RAND is reported in official Government statistics
under "other nonprofit institutions excluding FFRDCs."
[5] Only the C3I Federally Funded Research
& Development Center and the Center for Advanced Aviation
System Development parts of the MITRE Corporation are FFRDCs. All other
agency support to MITRE is reported in official Government statistics under
"other nonprofit institutions excluding FFRDCs."
[6] Although the Institute for Defense Analyses
Communications and Computing FFRDC has been in existence since 1956, the
Department of Defense added it to the Master Government List of FFRDCs for
the first time in October 1995.
[7] Idaho National Engineering Laboratory
had "Environmental" added to its name in Spring 1997.
[8] March 1, 1998 Brookhaven National Laboratory
acquired a new nonprofit administrator (Brookhaven Science Associates, Inc.).
The previous administrator was a university consortia.
Geographic Location of FFRDCs
Arizona
National Optical Astronomy Observatories
California
Aerospace Federally Funded Research and Development Center
Arroyo Center
Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
National Defense Research Institute
Project Air Force
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Colorado
National Center for Atmospheric Research
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
District of Columbia
Critical Technologies Institute
Idaho
Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory
Illinois
Argonne National Laboratory
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Iowa
Ames Laboratory
Maryland
NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center
Tax Systems Modernization Institute
Massachusetts
C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center (also in Virginia)
Lincoln Laboratory
New Jersey
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
New Mexico
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Sandia National Laboratories
New York
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Pennsylvania
Software Engineering Institute
Puerto Rico
National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center
South Carolina
Savannah River Technology Center
Tennessee
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Texas
Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses
Virginia
C31 Federally Funded Research & Development Center (also in Massachusetts)
Center for Advanced Aviation System Development
Center for Naval Analyses
Institute for Defense Analyses Communications and Computing FFRDC
Institute for Defense Analyses Systems and Analyses FFRDC
Logistics Management Institute
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
Washington
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
West Virginia
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Categories
of Activities of FFRDCs
Research and Development Laboratories
Ames Laboratory
Argonne National Laboratory
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Center for Advanced Aviation System Development
Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory
Institute for Defense Analyses Communications and Computing Federally Funded Research and Development Center
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Lincoln Laboratory
Los Alamos National Scientific Laboratory
NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center
National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center
National Center for Atmospheric Research
National Optical Astronomy Observatories
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
National Renewable Energy Research Laboratory
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Sandia National Laboratory
Savannah River Technology Center
Software Engineering Institute
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
Study and Analysis Centers
Arroyo Center
Center for Naval Analyses
Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses
Critical Technologies Institute
Institute for Defense Analyses Studies and Analysis FFRDC
Logistics Management Institute
National Defense Research Institute
Project Air Force
Systems Engineering and Integration Centers
Aerospace Federally Funded Research and Development Center
C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center
Tax Systems Modernization Institute
NOTE: The following Department of Defense definitions were used to classify the centers:
Research and development laboratories fill voids where in-house and private sector research and development centers are unable to meet agency core area needs. Specific objectives for these FFRDCs are to: (1) maintain over the long-term a competency in technology areas where the Government cannot rely on in-house or private sector capabilities, and (2) develop and transfer important new technology to the private sector so the Government can benefit from a wider, broader base of expertise. R&D laboratories engage in research programs that emphasize the evolution and demonstration of advanced concepts and technology, and the transfer or transition of technology.
Study and analysis centers deliver independent and objective analyses and advise in core areas important to their sponsors in support of policy development, decision making, alternative approaches, and new ideas on issues of significance.
System engineering and integration centers provide required support in core areas not available from sponsor's in-house technical and engineering capabilities to ensure that complex systems meet operational requirements. The centers assist with the creation and choice of system concepts and architectures, the specification of technical system and subsystem requirements and interfaces, the development and acquisition of system hardware and software, the testing and verification of performance, the integration of new capabilities, and continuous improvement of system operations and logistics. They often play a critical role in assisting their sponsors in technically formulating, initiating, and evaluating programs and activities undertaken by firms in the for-profit sector.
Source of definitions: FFRDC Management Plan, effective May 1, 1996,
Department of Defense, Director of Defense Research and Engineering, pp.
2-3.
Decertifications,
Closures and Renaming of Federally Funded
Research and Development Centers, 1968-97 [1 ]
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Army Mathematics Research Center (University of Wisconsin). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1970.Center for Research in Social Systems (American University). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1970.
Human Resources Research Office/Organization (George Washington University). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Institute for Advanced Technologies (University of Texas). Phased out as FFRDC Nov. 1993.
Research Analysis Corporation (RAC). Phased out as FFRDC Sept. 1, 1972.
Applied Physics Laboratory (Johns Hopkins University). FY 1978.Applied Physics Laboratory (University of Washington). FY 1974.
Applied Research Laboratory (Pennsylvania State University). FY 1978.
Hudson Laboratories (Columbia University). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1969.
Ordnance Research Laboratory (Pennsylvania State University). Renamed Applied Research Laboratory in 1973.
Analytic Services, Inc. (ANSER). FY 1977.[1]The date following each FFRDC indicates when it was removed from the Master Government List of FFRDCs, unless other information is provided.Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Center (Illinois Institute of Technology, Research Institute, (IITRI)). FY 1972.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION AND WELFARE
All were administered by National Institute of Education except as noted.
Appalachia Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.Center for the Advanced Study of Educational Administration (University of Oregon). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Center for Educational Policy Research (Stanford Research Institute). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Center for Research and Development for Learning and Re-Education (University of Wisconsin). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Center for Research and Development in Higher Education (University of California). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Center for the Study of the Evaluation of Instructional Programs (University of California). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Center for the Study of Social Organization of Schools and the Learning Process (Johns Hopkins University). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Center for Urban Education. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Central Atlantic Regional Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1969.
Central Midwestern Regional Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Cooperative Educational Research Laboratory, Inc. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1969.
Coordination Center for the National Program in Early Childhood Education (University of Illinois). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Eastern Regional Institute for Education. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Educational Development Center, Inc. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
The Far West Laboratory for Educational Research and Development. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Learning Research and Development Center (University of Pittsburgh). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Michigan-Ohio Regional Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1969.
Mid-Continent Regional Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
National Laboratory for Higher Education. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Policy Research Center (Syracuse University Research Corporation). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Regional Educational Laboratory for the Carolinas and Virginia. Renamed National Laboratory for Higher Education in FY 1971.
Research and Development Center in Educational Stimulation (University of Georgia). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Research and Development Center in Teacher Education (University of Texas). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Research for Better Schools, Inc. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Rocky Mountain Regional Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1969.
South Central Regional Educational Laboratory Corporation. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1969.
Southeastern Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Southwest Educational Development Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Southwest Regional Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Southwestern Cooperative Educational Laboratory. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Stanford Center for Research and Development in Teaching (Stanford University). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
Upper Midwest Regional Educational Laboratory, Inc. Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1972.
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (National Academy of Sciences). Phased out as FFRDC in April 1975.Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory (Westinghouse Electric Corp.). Oct. 1992.
Cambridge Electron Accelerator (Harvard University and MIT). Closed down in 1974.
Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (Southeastern Universities Research Association, Inc.). Renamed Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in May 1996.
Energy Technology Engineering Center (Rockwell International Corp.). Closed out in Nov. 1995.
Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory (Westinghouse Hanford Co.). Oct. 1992. This included the Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor program beginning in Dec. 1971.
Holifield National Laboratory (Union Carbide Corp.). Renamed Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company) was renamed Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory in Spring 1997.
Inhalation Technology Research Institute (Lovelace Institutes). May 1996.
Liquid Metal Engineering Center (Rockwell International Corp.). Became Energy Technology Engineering Center in FY 1980.
Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory (General Electric Co.). Oct. 1992.
Mound Laboratory (Monsanto Chemical Co.). FY 1982.
National Accelerator Laboratory (Universities Research Association, Inc.). Renamed Fermilab in 1974.
National Reactor Testing Station (Aerojet Nuclear Corp.). Renamed Idaho National Engineering Laboratory in 1974.
Princeton-Pennsylvania Proton Accelerator (Princeton University and University of Pennsylvania). Phased out as FFRDC at end of FY 1971.
Solar Energy Research Institute (Midwest Research Institute). Renamed National Renewable Energy Laboratory in September 1991.
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
Space Radiation Effects Laboratory (College of William and Mary). FY 1979.
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. Became part of National Optical Astronomy Observatories in 1984.Kitt Peak National Observatory. Became part of National Optical Astronomy Observatories in 1984.
National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak Observatory. Became part of National Optical Astronomy Observatories in 1984.
Sources: Master Government List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs), Fiscal Year 1998, and the National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, Volumes XVI-XLIV, Detailed Statistical Tables, annual publication (Arlington, VA).
Prepared by Jennifer Held and Mary V. Burke, Science Resources Studies, National Science Foundation, 1998.
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