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How do you decode real-time data?DECODING BUOY METEOROLOGICAL DATAThe following is an example of a NDBC buoy observation in FM-13 code. 42003 28121 99259 70859 46/// /2211 10285 20253 30113 40113 57012 91150 22200 00289 10603 20502 318// 41201 70013 333 91213 555 11107 22114 31127 42314 61149 223113 225107 219111 228116 227103 217100= The decoding follows: 42003 STATION IDENTIFIER First two numbers indicate WMO region. 28121 TIME AND WIND UNITS 28=Day, 12=hour(UTC), 1=measured speed in m/s. 99259 LATITUDE 25.9 degrees (in this case N latitude) 70859 LONGITUDE & QUADRANT 7=quadrant of globe that buoy is located, where 1= N latitude & E longitude 3= S latitude & E longitude 5= S latitude & W longitude 7= N latitude & W longitude 0859= 85.9 W longitude /2211 WIND DIRECTION & SPEED Wind blowing from 220 degrees at 11 m/s 10285 AIR TEMPERATURE 0285=+28.5ø C, 1285=-28.5ø C 20253 DEW POINT TEMPERATURE 0253=+25.3ø C, 1253=-25.3ø C 30113 STATION BARO. PRESSURE 30113=1011.3 hPa, 39995=999.5 hPa 40113 SEA LEVEL PRESSURE 40113=1011.3 hPa, 49995=999.5 hPa 57012 3 HR. PRESSURE TENDENCY Pressure 1.2 hPa lower than three hours ago 91150 END OF ACQUISITION TIME The end of data acquisition=1150 UTC 00289 SEA WATER TEMPERATURE 0289=+28.9 C, 1010=-1.0 C 10603 SEA STATE Dominant period=6 sec., Wave height=3 half meters 20502 WIND WAVE HEIGHT & PERIOD The wind-wave height is one-meter (02 = 2 half-meters) and wind-wave period is 5 seconds. 318// PRIMARY SWELL DIRECTION The primary swell direction = 180 deg. (from the south); only buoys reporting directional waves encode this group. 41201 SWELL HEIGHT & PERIOD The swell height is a half-meter (01 = one half-meter) and the primary swell period is 12 seconds. 70013 WAVE HEIGHT Significant wave height= 1.3 meters (higher precision) 91213 PEAK WIND GUST 5-sec. peak wind during 8-minute acquisition interval=13 m/s. 11107 WIND AT 10 METERS Estimated wind at 10 meters elevation=10.7 m/s. 22114 WIND AT 20 METERS Estimated wind at 20 meters elevation=11.4 m/s. 31127 TIME OF PEAK 5-SEC WIND 11=UTC hour, 27=minutes after the hour 42314 5-SEC PEAK WIND SPD/DIR 23=230 degrees, 14=14 meters/sec. 61149 TIME OF CONTINUOUS WIND 1149=end time in hours and minutes (UTC) of latest 10-minute continuous wind. 223113 LATEST 10-MIN CONT. WIND 223=223 degrees, 113=11.3 m/s 225107 NEXT OLDER 10-MIN CONT. WIND 225=225 degrees, 107= 10.7 m/s " " " 217100 6th OLDEST 10-MIN CONT. WIND 217=217ø, 100=10.0 m/s NOTE: Some groups may not be included in an individual message. DECODING C-MAN METEOROLOGICAL DATAThe following is an example of an NDBC C-MAN observation in code. CMAN 20124 DSLN7 46/// /0113 10110 20095 40292 52021 91200 222// 00204 10703 70016 333 91218 555 11012 22012 31135 402021 61159 005012 022011 008012 007012 011011 007012 TIDE1157= The decoding follows: CMAN Heading indicating that the following stations are Coastal Marine Stations 20124 TIME AND WIND UNITS 20=day of month, 12=1200 UTC, 4=wind in knots DSLN7 STATION IDENTIFIER Diamond Shoals Light, NC /0113 WIND DIR. & SPEED Wind blowing from 010 at 13 knots 10110 AIR TEMPERATURE 0110=11.0C, 1110=-11.0C 20095 DEW POINT TEMP. 0095=9.5C, 1095=-9.5C 40292 SEA LEVEL PRESSURE 40292=1029.2 hPa, 49995=999.5 hPa 52021 3hr. PRESS. TENDENCY Pressure 2.1 hPa higher than 3 hrs ago 91200 END OF ACQ. TIME end of data acquisition=1200 UTC 00204 SEA WATER TEMP. 0204=20.4C, 1204=-20.4C 10703 SEA STATE dominant period=7 sec., wave hgt=3 half meters 70016 REFINED SEA STATE hgt of highest 1/3 waves=1.6 meters 91218 PEAK WIND GUST highest peak wind gust=18 knots 11012 WIND SPD AT 10m wind speed at 10m above site elev.=12 knots 22012 WIND SPD AT 20m wind speed at 20m above site elev.=12 knots 31135 TIME OF MAX WIND SPEED 11=11 UTC, 35=35 min. after the hr. 402021 MAX WIND SPEED & DIR. 020=20 degrees, 21=21 knots 61159 TIME OF CONT. WIND 1159=end time in hours and minutes (UTC) of latest 10-minute continuous wind. 005012 LATEST 10-MIN CONT. WIND 005=5 degrees, 012= 12 knots 022011 NEXT OLDER 10-MIN CONT WIND 022=22 degrees, 011=11 knots " " " 007012 6th OLDEST CONTINUOUS WIND 007=7 degrees, 012=12 knots TIDE1157 TIDAL HEIGHT tidal height is 1.57 feet above Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) Note: Some groups may not be included in an individual message.
DECODING SPECTRAL WAVE DATANDBC distributes spectral wave data using the WMO FM 65-XI WAVEOB alphanumeric code. Because of the complexity of the code, users should consult the World Meteorological Organization’s Manual on Codes, WMO-No. 306. The example below illustrates the content of information available in the code rather than a guide to decoding. SXVX46 KWBC 310100 RRC MMXX 46063 31018 0100/ 73416 12042 00011 10632 20296 30114 50062 975// 11146 0006/ 2400/ 13/// 13254 15003 26/// 21005 21004 07/// 33655 32004 22226 94312 10000 30000 51200 70221 91526 18700 35535 52410 72628 94857 15730 31314 50906 71204 90506 10403 30303 50301 70101 90101 10000 30000 50000 4444 19999 19999 29999 29999 39999 39999 49999 49999 57377 52539 69999 69999 78385 74664 85536 82748 97475 94442 07275 05460 17777 18986 27576 28984 37778 38677 47676 48981 57777 58468 67576 68360 77676 79178 87474 88661 97575 99484 07575 09273 17980 19277 27676 29272 37878 38764 47778 48969 57777 58658 67677 68036 77879 79169 87777 88461 97878 98655 07878 08349 17777 18759 27573 28038 37980 37835 47877 47634 57574 57623 68081 66515 77981 77624 87777 88052 97370 97322 07368 07236 18208 15621 27265 26739 37469 37230 49999 49999 59999 59999 69999 69999
The above is an example of the code for a directional wave station. For a nondirectional wave station, Section 4444 and the 9-Group of Section 00 (975//) are omitted. The above is an example from a (D)WPM wave system. To see the resulting spectrum described in Section 00, click here. A (D)WA system would be described as: 11133 0005/ 1200/ 33/// 13004 11004 33 frequencies (11133)
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