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Immigration

Poster of young woman writing letter.
[Detail] Eskimo mother.
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"The promise of America is a simple promise: Every person shall share in the blessings of this land." ~ Lyndon B. Johnson

"We become not a melting pot but a beautiful mosaic. Different people, different beliefs, different yearnings, different hopes, different dreams." ~ Jimmy Carter

primary source set

This Primary Source Set includes images, sheet music and analysis tools to help teach about immigration.

online resources
Especially for Teachers...

American Memory Timeline: Chinese Immigration to the United States, 1851-1900 - (Feature) View a sampling of mid to late 19th century immigration documents related to Chinese immigration.

American Memory Timeline: Immigrants in the Progressive Era - (Feature) View early 20th century immigration documents.

American Memory Timeline: Immigration to the United States, 1851-1900 - (Feature) View mid to late 19th century immigration documents.

American Women - Area Studies Collections - American Jewish Women - (Special Presentation) This section of the American Women Gateway includes a brief history of Jewish women in America from 1654 to present and links to search strategies and selected sources on the topic.

Arthur Szyk: Artist for Freedom - (Exhibition) Explore the intricate drawings and cartoons created by Arthur Szyk, a Polish Jewish artist who emigrated to the United States in the 1940s.

Celtic Roots: Stories, Songs and Traditions From Across the Sea - (Cybercast) View a cybercast of this 2002 Library of Congress children’s program celebrating Irish immigrants who arrived in America in the 1880s. Background information, activities and resources are included.

Chinese and Westward Expansion - (Special Presentation) Read an essay and view a gallery of images documenting 19th century immigration of the Chinese to California.

Coming to America - (Wise Guide) Read the May, 2003 article featuring Library of Congress immigration resources.

Ethnic and Multicultural History - (Internet Resources) Links to selected Internet resources outside the Library of Congress from the Learning Page. immigration

Finns in America, The - (Special Presentation) This presentation provides information about immigration from Finland to the United States, and about the activities of Finnish-American immigrants in the United States from the 17th to the 20th centuries.

From Haven to Home: 350 Years of Jewish Life in America - (Exhibition) This exhibition examines 350 years of the Jewis experience in the United States.

Germans in America, The - (Special Presentation)This presentation provides information about immigration from the German-speaking world to the United States, and about the activities of German immigrants in the United States from the 17th to the 20th centuries.

Great American Potluck, The - (Collaborative Project) Join us in The Great American Potluck! Can we learn about a nation's history through its food? Help us answer this question by sharing in The Great American Potluck!

Haven to Home: An American Journey - (Cybercast) This live performance tells the stories of Emma Lazarus, an immigrant's daughter who became known as Lady Liberty's poet, and Irving Berlin, an immigrant who became one of America's best loved composers.

Hebraic Collections: Library of Congress Illustrated Guide - (Special Presentation) Learn about the Hebraic Collections in the Library of Congress.

Immigrant Arrivals: A Guide to Published Sources - (Library of Congress Bibliography) This extensive online guide from the Local History and Genealogy Reading Room features a helpful introduction and listing of immigration books and online resources on the topic.

Immigrants and Immigration Pathfinder - (Learning Page Pathfinder)This page provides links to Library of Congress collections containing immigration documents.

Immigration - (Feature) Observe the building of a nation. Don't miss the interactive timelines and maps that show immigration patterns! Let your students have fun with the vocabulary activities, too!

Jewish Congregation in Colonial Newport, Rhode Island - (Special Presentation) Read about the Jewish experience in Rhode Island in this section of The Portuguese in the United States exhibition from the Hispanic American Center.

Jewish Women’s Issues - (Cybercast) Author Susan Weidman Schneider, editor-in-chief of Lilith, discusses her experiences.

Luxembourgers in Amerida - (Special Presentation) Learn about immigration from Luxembourg to the United States, and about the activities of Luxembourger immigrants in the United States from the 17th to the 20th centuries.

Myron M. Weinstein Memorial Lecture on the Hebraic Book - (Cybercast) Jonathan D. Sarna, Professor of American Jewish History at Brandeis University, presented a lecture "The Jewish Book in America."

Portuguese in the United States, The - (Special Presentation) This extensive online collection developed by the Hispanic Division of the Library of Congress documents the history of Portuguese immigration to the United States.

Second Wave: European Immigration from 1850-1920, The - (Professional Development) In this teacher workshop, participants will follow a set of Web links to documents and images to uncover what America was like for immigrants arriving at the turn of the century.

Selected Images of Ellis Island and Immigration - (Prints and Photographs) Links to a dozen images from the Prints and Photographs division.

Selected Views of the Statue of Liberty - (Prints and Photographs) Links to a dozen images from the Prints and Photographs division.

Slovaks in America, The - (Special Presentation) View an illustrated chronology of Slovak immigration to America from 1695 to the 1990s.

Time Capsule in a Milk Can - (Library of Congress Live) Use this Learning Guide to help students learn about Emmanuel Ringelblum and the secret archives of the Warsaw Ghetto.

Today's Immigrants - (Collaborative Project) By conducting and publishing interviews, student historians are invited to tell the story of immigration to the U.S. in the late 20th- and early 21st-centuries.


  Especially for your Students...

America as a Religious Refuge: The Seventeenth Century - (Exhibition) This section of the Religion and the Founding of the American Republic exhibition deals with immigrants and their religious life in 17th century America.

American Treasures: An Elegy for Fire Victims - (Exhibition) View this sheet music - an elegy to the 146 victims, mostly young Jewish and Italian immigrant women, who perished in the March 25, 1911, fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company factory.

American Treasures: Discrimination During the Civil War - (Exhibition) Read an 1863 letter to Abraham Lincoln Read this letter formally protesting the ostracism of Jews.

American Treasures: First Thrill of Liberty - (Exhibition) View a 1917 poster depicting a ship of immigrants arriving in New York Harbor.

American Treasures: First Yiddish Cookbook in America - (Exhibition) View pages of this 1901 cookbook.

Can You Speak Irish? - (Learning Page Activity) Although English is the Irish national language, can your students match these Irish words with their American meanings?

Explore the States: Immigrant Life in New York - (America’s Library) Learn about the Lower East Side Tenement Museum.

Explore the States: Walking onto Ellis Island, New York - (America’s Library) Learn about Ellis Island.

Jump Back in Time: August 17, 1790 - (America's Library) George Washington recognized equal status of Jewish Americans.

Jump Back in Time: December 2, 1763 - (America's Library) The first Jewish synagogue was dedicated in the United States.

Jump Back in Time: January 1, 1892 - (America’s Library) The first immigrant landed on Ellis Island. Learn about Annie Moore’s arrival from Ireland in 1892.

Naturalization Ceremony at Thomas Jefferson's Monticello - (Local Legacies) Monticello celebrates Independence Day with a Naturalization Ceremony. Explore Local Legacies for featured celebrations from your state!

Port of Entry - (Learning Page Activity) Use your detective skills to uncover the stories of immigrants to the United States.

Today in History (August 17, 1790) To Bigotry, No Sanction - (Today in History) Washington declares the free and equal status of Jewish-American citizens.

Today in History (December 2, 1763) Touro Synagogue - (Today in History) On this date, members of the Jewish community of Newport, Rhode Island witnessed the dedication of the Touro Synagogue, the first synagogue in what became the United States.(scroll down page)

Today in History (January 1, 1892) First Immigrants - (Today in History) The first immigrants arrive in New York (scroll down the page).

Today in History (January 26, 1654) The Diaspora of 1654 - (Today in History) About 150 Jewish families of Portuguese origin leave Brazil and later establish the first community of Jews in the future United States.

Today in History (June 19, 1885) Statue of Liberty - (Today in History) The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York Harbor.

Today in History (March 12, 1901) Andrew Carnegie - (Today in History) Learn about Scottish immigrant, Andrew Carnegie.


lesson plans

Use these lesson plans (created by educators for educators) to explore topics about immigration with your students in your classroom:

Down the Rabbit Hole - (Grades 6-8) Students uncover the common themes of the immigrant experience.

All History is Local - (Grades 9-12) Creating an archive of primary source materials constitutes the principal activity of a year-long American Studies class focusing on historiography and the use of primary sources.

Images of Our People - (Grades 5-12) Students investigate the cultures of the western United States and identify their contributions to the nation.

Immigration/Migration - (Grade 11) Students compare the immigration/migration experiences of their families to those of people living through the Great Depression.

Links to the Past - (Grades 6-12) Students create scripts depicting the experiences of immigrants who settled California between 1849 and 1900.

Port of Entry - (Grades 6-12) Students assume the role of historical detective and search for clues about immigrant life in the United States.

Turn-of-the-Century Child - (Grades 6-8) Students develop a richly realized "persona" from the same geographic region and ethnic background as a child photographed at the turn of the century.

History Firsthand - (Grades 4-8) Elementary students use immigration as a theme to begin understanding primary sources.

Linking the Past to the Present: The Legacy of French Canadian Immigrants in New England - (Grades 9-12,) Students will investigate primary sources from the American Memory collections to learn about French Canadian immigrants and their contributions in New England.

Learning About Immigration Through Oral History - (Grades 6-8, Grades 9-12,) Students engage in visual and information literacy exercises to gain an understanding of how to identify and interpret primary historical sources, specifically oral histories.


bibliography

Is there a title (or two) that you always read to (or with) your students when teaching about this theme? Are there invaluable reference books that you use? Staff from The Library of Congress have begun a collection of titles for the "Immigration" theme. We hope you will contribute your favorites to our growing bibliography!

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collection connections

Create your own collaborative lesson plans using material related to this month's theme assembled from The Learning Page Collection Connections:

African-American Odyssey - (Summary Only)

American Indians of the Pacific Northwest - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

Buckaroos in Paradise: Ranching Culture in Northern Nevada, 1945-1982 - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

California As I Saw It: First-Person Narratives of California - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

Capital and the Bay: Narratives of Washington and the Chesapeake Bay Region, 1600-1925, The - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

First-Person Narratives of the American South, 1860-1920 - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

Pioneering the Upper Midwest: Books from Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, ca. 1820-1910 - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

Prairie Settlement: Nebraska Photographs and Family Letters, 1862-1912 - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

Touring Turn-of-the-Century America: Photographs from the Detroit Publishing Company, 1880-1920 - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

Voices from the Dust Bowl: the Charles L. Todd and Robert Sonkin Migrant Worker Collection, 1940-1941 - (Summary and Teaching Resources) Have students use this collection and other sources to explore migration surges in North America.

Chinese in California, 1850-1925, The - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

Emile Berliner and the Birth of the Recording Industry - (Summary Only) Emile Berliner was born in Hanover, Germany in 1851 and emigrated to the US in 1870.

Hannah Arendt Papers at the Library of Congress, The - (Summary Only) Hannah Arendt, a German Jew, fled to Paris in the 1930s and emigrated to the US in 1941.

Leonard Bernstein Collection, ca. 1920-1989, The - (Summary Only) This collection documents the life and work of Leonard Bernstein, American composer, conductor, teacher, and pianist who infused his work with his Jewish heritage.

American Variety Stage: Vaudeville and Popular Entertainment, 1870-1920, The - (Summary and Teaching Resources) The Yiddish theater developed as a uniquely American form in the Eastern European Jewish immigrant community in New York City, and other urban centers, during the early twentieth century. This collection includes 77 unpublished manuscripts.

Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives - (Summary and Teaching Resources)

search terms

These terms may be useful when searching for items related to this theme in the American Memory collections.

Alien laborers Emigration and immigration Refugees
Americanization Immigrants Statue of Liberty
Angel Island Immigration  
Ellis Island Name of an ethnic group  
Emigration Naturalization  

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Last updated 11/09/2006