Fact Sheet on Key Mental/Behavioral Health Issues Related to Social Distancing

For state, local, and tribal health departments and community-based organizations

May 5, 2009 6:38 PM ET

As a result of the current outbreak caused by novel H1N1 flu, social distancing and other community mitigation interventions (i.e., strategies designed to slow or limit the transmission of a pandemic virus) may be recommended in your community soon. Research has shown that most people understand the need for, and are willing to accept, community mitigation interventions as a strategy for dealing with a pandemic. However, it is likely that use of these strategies may raise concerns and feelings of uncertainty. In some people, these concerns may lead to increased tension, fear, anger, depression, and possibly grief. For some, it can lead to aggressive and abusive behavior among household members or in community settings. The behavior may take the form of verbal, physical, or emotional abuse. You will need to determine if, and how, the recommendations for dealing with the challenges below are appropriate in your community.

Limited Availability of Supplies for Basic Needs

Many individuals do not put aside recommended supplies of food/water/medicines and other basic needs in advance of a pandemic (Pandemic Flu Planning Checklist for Individuals and Families). Unless provisions are made to supply those individuals during a crisis, it will be difficult for them to follow social distancing recommendations as they will have to go out to get those supplies. It is particularly important to ensure that the needs of socially and economically disadvantaged or other vulnerable populations are addressed.

Disruption Of Traditional Counseling Services

Community mitigation strategies generally disrupt traditional counseling services. Technology (such as  the Internet or phone) can be used to provide alternatives to, or supplement, current office-based mental health practices and address increased need and demand created by the stresses of social distancing. Counselors who choose to use technology should be sure to address the following areas:

• Continuation of therapy and medication services for those with chronic mental illness, including those in treatment for chemical dependence.
• Emotional support and problem-solving skills to assist families with the increased stress created by social distancing (e.g., parents with young children at home, families with a sick family member, families who have experienced the death of loved ones)
• Prevention of new mental health problems.
• Prevention of inappropriate behavior and family relations that could lead to intimate partner violence, child maltreatment, and elder abuse in response to stress.
• Ensure they are in compliance with confidentiality regulations.

Disruption Of Traditional Methods To Cope With Loss And Grief

Traditional rituals that help individuals cope with death and begin the process of coping with grief and loss (funerals, viewings) may need to be postponed or canceled. This may create significant mental health problems in the population at large and may undermine adherence to health recommendations.

Obtaining Up-To-Date Information During Times When Social Distancing Is Recommended

Recommendations for social distancing may make it difficult for some to receive up-to-date information on the current situation, which may lead to additional stress and reluctance to follow recommended mitigation strategies.

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