GMD Site Description: SMO
Tutuila, American Samoa [SMO]
CountryCountry Flag
American Samoa
Latitude:14.2474° South
Longitude:170.5644° West
Elevation: 42.00 masl
Time Zone: Local Time + 11 hour(s) = UTC
Contact Name: Mark Cunningham
Address: NOAA Samoa Observatory
P.O. Box 2568
Pago Pago, Cape Matatula, 96799, American Samoa
Phone:011 (684)622-7455
Fax:011 (684)622-7455

Atmospheric Transport
Most Recent Trajectory
Clustered summary of Trajectories

Photo Gallery


Description
The Samoa Observatory is located on the northeastern tip of Tutuila island, American Samoa, on a ridge overlooking the South Pacific Ocean. Established in 1974 on a 26.7 acre site, the observatory is the fourth of the ESRL/GMD Baseline Observatories. Since it's construction, the Samoa Observatory has survived two major hurricanes with only minor damage. A staff of 3 operates the year around facility commuting to work. This Observatory has the distinction of obtaining 30% of its daytime power from solar panels.
 

GMD Projects at Tutuila

Carbon Cycle Surface Flasks

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Carbon Dioxide CO2 1973-08-27 2009-03-19
Methane CH4 1983-04-23 2009-03-19
Carbon Monoxide CO 1988-09-22 2009-03-19
Molecular Hydrogen H2 1989-03-17 2009-03-19
Nitrous Oxide N2O 1997-05-07 2009-03-19
Sulfur Hexafluoride SF6 1997-05-07 2009-03-19
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Carbon Dioxide d13C (CO2) 1990-01-04 2009-03-05
Oxygen-18/Oxygen-16 in Carbon Dioxide d18O (CO2) 1994-09-22 2009-03-05
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Methane d13C (CH4) 1998-01-06 2009-02-13
Methyl Chloride CH3Cl 2006-02-14 2008-04-03
Benzene C6H6 2007-01-16 2008-04-03
toluene C7H8 2007-01-16 2008-04-03
D/H in Methane dD (CH4) 2005-03-28 2009-02-26
ethane C2H6 2005-05-12 2008-04-03
ethene C2H4 2005-05-12 2008-04-03
propane C3H8 2005-05-12 2008-04-03
propene C3H6 2005-05-12 2008-03-06
i-butane i-C4H10 2005-05-12 2008-04-03
n-butane n-C4H10 2005-05-12 2008-04-03
i-pentane i-C5H12 2006-02-14 2008-04-03
n-pentane n-C5H12 2005-05-12 2008-04-03
n-hexane n-C6H14 2005-05-12 2008-04-03
wind speed 1992-07-06 2009-04-02
wind direction 1992-07-06 2009-04-02
ambient temperature 2004-08-10 2004-09-07
isoprene C5H8 2007-01-16 2008-03-12

Carbon Cycle In Situ Observatory

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Carbon Dioxide CO2 1976-01-01 2009-04-15

HATS Flask Sampling

HATS In Situ Observatory

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Nitrous Oxide N2O 0000-00-00 Ongoing
Sulfur Hexafluoride SF6 0000-00-00 Ongoing
HCFC-22 CHF2Cl 0000-00-00 Ongoing
CFC-12 CCl2F2 0000-00-00 Ongoing
Methyl Chloride CH3Cl 0000-00-00 Ongoing
HCFC-142b CH3CF2Cl 0000-00-00 Ongoing
Halon-1211 CBrClF2 0000-00-00 Ongoing
CFC-11 (ion 101) CCl3F (ion 101) 0000-00-00 Ongoing
CFC-113 CCl2FCClF2 0000-00-00 Ongoing
methyl chloroform (ion 97) CH3CCl3 0000-00-00 Ongoing
carbon tetrachloride CCl4 0000-00-00 Ongoing

Aerosol Surface, Continuous Measurements

Continuous Radiation Measurements

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Direct Beam 1979-01-01 Ongoing
Shortwave Global 1976-01-09 Ongoing
Diffuse 1995-08-22 Ongoing
Downward Longwave 1999-08-06 Ongoing

Surface Ozone

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Ozone O3 1976-01-01 2006-12-31

Dobson Ozone

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Ozone O3 1975-12-18 2005-12-30

Ozonesonde

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
Ozone O3 0000-00-00 Ongoing

Trajectories

Lidar

Meteorology

Parameter Formula First Sample Date Most Recent Sample Date
wind speed 2 meters 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Wind Direction 2 Meters 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Wind Speed 10 Meters 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Wind Direction 10 Meters 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Wind Speed Top 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Wind Direction Top 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Barometric Pressure 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Relative Humidity 2 Meters 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Temperature 2 Meters 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Temperature 10 Meters 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
temperature Top 2007-09-05 2009-01-13
Precipitation 2007-09-05 2009-01-13