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What Works Clearinghouse


I Have A Dream
I Have A Dream
March 2009

Effectiveness

No studies of I Have A Dream that fall within the scope of the Dropout Prevention review protocol meet What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) evidence standards. The lack of studies meeting WWC evidence standards means that, at this time, the WWC is unable to draw any conclusions based on research about the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of I Have A Dream.

Program Description1

I Have A Dream is a program that encourages students in low-income communities to complete high school and go on to college. The program guarantees that tuition for higher education will be covered after high school graduation. In addition, it provides participants with tutoring and counseling from elementary school through high school. Each I Have A Dream program sponsors either an entire grade level of students at a low-income public elementary school or an entire cohort of same-age children in a public housing development. These students are tracked over time and encouraged to participate in program activities, such as tutoring, mentoring, counseling, community service, and recreational opportunities. A full-time paid staff member coordinates program activities and serves as a mentor to program participants. A group of sponsors commits to working with the students throughout the life of the program and often provides the program with funding and other resources. The sponsors and other local donors ensure that participants who graduate from high school receive post-secondary education tuition assistance.

The WWC identified 14 studies of I Have A Dream that were published
or released between 1988 and 2008.

Seven studies are within the scope of the review protocol and have an eligible design, but do not meet WWC evidence standards.

  • Five studies do not establish that the comparison group was comparable to the treatment group prior to the
    start of the intervention.

  • One study has only one grade level at a single school assigned to each research group, so that the effect of
    I Have A Dream cannot be separated from cohort effects.

  • One study does not account for differences in pre-intervention characteristics while using a quasi-experimental design.

Seven studies are out of the scope of the review, as defined by the Dropout Prevention protocol. Two of these studies do not use a comparison group, two do not examine outcomes within a domain specified in the protocol, one does not use a sample within the grade range specified in the protocol, one is not a primary analysis of the effectiveness of the intervention, and one does not examine the effectiveness of the intervention.

1 The descriptive information for this program was obtained from a publicly-available source: the program’s website (http://www.ihaveadreamfoundation.org, downloaded December 2008). The WWC requests developers to review the program description sections for accuracy from their perspective. Further verification of the accuracy of the descriptive information for this program is beyond the scope of this review.