Amount to Apply |
|||
Soil |
Fertilizer grade |
broadcast lb./100 sq ft |
10ft/row banded oz. |
Sand, marl, rock, or clay |
8-8-815-15-15 |
2-41-2 |
42 |
Organic soils (muck, peat, or amended) |
0-12-20 |
1-2 |
2 |
Table 2. Insect Control Recommendations
Pest |
B.t.* |
Carbaryl |
Malathion |
Soap** |
Aphids |
X |
X |
||
Armyworm |
X |
|||
Budworms |
X |
|||
Cabbageworms |
X |
X |
X |
|
Col. potato beetle |
X |
|||
Cucumber beetle |
X |
X |
||
Earworms |
X |
|||
Fleabeetle |
X |
|||
Fruit, horn, pinworms |
X |
X |
||
Leaf miner |
||||
Leafhopper |
X |
X |
||
Leafroller |
X |
X |
||
Melon, pickle worms |
X |
|||
Mexican bean beetle |
X |
X |
||
Pameras |
X |
X |
||
Pea weevils |
X |
X |
||
Spider mites |
X |
X |
||
Squash vineborer |
X |
|||
Stink bugs |
X |
X |
||
Thrips |
X |
X |
X |
|
Whiteflies |
X |
|||
*Bacillus thuringiensis (Biotrol, Dipel, or Thuricide). |
||||
**Soap - Use any of several commercial products. Can also use 4 tbs. liquid dish detergent/gal. water. |
Variety (1) |
WARM SEASON VEGETABLES |
Beans, bush |
Snap: Bush Blue Lake, Contender, Roma, Harvester, Provider, Cherokee Wax , Bush Baby, TendercropShell: Horticultural, Pinto, Red Kidney |
Comment: Fertilizer at ½ rate used for other vegetables. Seed inoculation not essential most soils. Flowers self pollinated. Use shell beans green or dry. For color, try Purple Teepee and Burgundy. |
Beans, pole |
Dade, McCaslan, Kentucky Wonder 191, Blue Lake |
Comment: See Beans, bush. Support vines. May be grown with corn for vine support. |
Beans, lima |
Fordhook 242, Henderson, Jackson Wonder, Dixie Butterpea, Florida Butter (Pole), Sieva (Pole) |
Comment: See Beans, bush. Provide trellis support for pole varieties. Control stinkbugs which injure seeds in pods. Fordhook is large-seeded; Henderson is "butterbean" type. |
Cantaloupes |
Smith's Perfect, Ambrosia, Edisto 47, Planters Jumbo, Summet, Super Market, Primo, Luscious Plus |
Comment: Bees needed for pollination. Mulch to reduce fruit-rots and salmonella. Harvest at full-slip stage. |
Corn, sweet |
Silver Queen, Gold Cup, Guardian, Bonanza, Florida Staysweet, How Sweet It Is, Supersweet |
Comment: Separate super-sweets (last three varieties) from standard varieties by time and distance. Sucker removal not beneficial. Plant in 2-3 row blocks. |
Cucumbers |
Slicers: Poinsett, Ashley, Dasher, Sweet Success, Pot Luck, Slice NicePicklers: Galaxy, SMR 18, Explorer |
Comment: Bees required for pollination. Many new hybrids are gynoecious (female flowering). Monoecious varieties have M/F flowers. For greenhouse, use parthenocarpic type. |
Eggplant |
Florida Market, Black Beauty, Dusky, Long Tom, Ichiban, Tycoon, Dourga |
Comment: Stake your eggplants. Harvest into summer. Require warm weather. `Dourga' is white. |
Okra |
Clemson Spineless, Perkins, Dwarf Green, Emerald, Blondy, Burgundy |
Comment: Produces well in warm seasons. Okra is highly susceptible to root-knot nematodes. |
Peas, Southern |
Blackeye, Mississippi Silver, Texas Cream 40, Snapea, Zipper Cream, Sadandy, Purplehull |
Comment: See Beans, bush. The cowpea curculio is common pest. Tiny white grub infests seeds in pods. Good summer cover crop. `California No. 5 Blackeye' resistant to root-knot nematodes. |
Peppers |
Sweet: Early Calwonder, Yolo Wonder, Big Bertha, Sweet Banana, Jupiter Hot: Hungarian Wax, Jalapeno, Habanero |
Comment: Mulching especially beneficial. Continue care of peppers well into summer. Mosaic virus a common disease pest. Most small-fruited varieties are attractive, but hot. `Habanero' is extremely hot. |
Potatoes, Sweet |
Porto Rico, Georgia Red, Jewel, Centennial, Coastal Sweet, Boniato, Sumor, Beauregard, Vardaman. |
Comment: Sweet potato weevils are a serious problem. Start with certified-free transplants. Use vine cuttings to prolong season. `Vardaman' is a bush type for small gardens. |
Pumpkin |
Big Max, Funny Face, Connecticut Field, Spirit, Calabaza, Cushaw |
Comment: Bees required for pollination. Foliage diseases and fruit-rot are common. For big ones try `Atlantic Giant.' For small ornamental type, try `Jack Be Little.' |
Squash |
Summer: Early Prolific Straightneck, Dixie, Summer Crookneck, Cocozelle, Gold Bar,Zucchini, Peter Pan, Sunburst, Scallopini, SundropsWinter: Sweet Mama, Table Queen, Butternut, Spaghetti |
Comment: Summer types usually grow on a bush while winter squash have vining habit. Both male and female flowers on same plant. Common fruit rot/drop caused by fungus and incomplete pollination. Bees required. Crossing occurs but results not seen unless seeds are saved. Winter types store longest. |
Tomatoes |
Large Fruit: Floradel, Solar Set, Manalucie, Better Boy, Celebrity, Bragger, Walter, Sun Coast, Floramerica, Flora-Dade, Duke.Small Fruit: Florida Basket, Micro Tom, Patio, Cherry, Sweet 100, Chelsea |
Comment: Staking, mulching beneficial. Flowers self-pollinated. May drop if temperatures too high or low, or if nitrogen fertilization excessive. Florida varieties have best disease resistance. Some serious problems are blossom-end rot, wilts, whitefly, and leafminers. `Better Boy' appears resisitant to root-knot. |
Watermelon |
Large: Charleston Gray, Jubilee, Crimson Sweet, Dixielee Small: Sugar Baby, Minilee, MickyleeSeedless: Fummy |
Comment: Due to space requirement, not suited to most gardens. Suggest small ice-box types. Plant fusarium wilt resistant varieties. Bees required for pollination. Florida record size melon is `Carolina Cross.' |
COOL SEASON VEGETABLES |
Beets |
Early Wonder, Detroit Dark Red, Cylindra, Red Ace, Little Ball |
Comment: Beets require ample moisture at seeding or poor emergence results. Leaves edible |
Broccoli |
Early Green Sprouting, Waltham 29, Atlantic, Green Comet, Green Duke |
Harvest small multiple sideshoots that develop after main central head is cut. |
Cabbage |
Gourmet, Marion Market, King Cole, Market Prize, Red Acre, Chieftan Savoy, Rio Verde, Bravo |
Comment: Buy clean plants to avoid cabbage black-rot, a common bacterial disease that causes yellow patches on leaf margins. Keep an eye out for loopers, use Bt for control. |
Carrots |
Imperator, Thumbelina, Nantes, Gold Pak, Waltham Hicolor, Orlando Gold |
Comment: Grow carrots on a raised bed for best results. Sow seeds shallow and thin to proper stand. |
Cauliflower |
Snowball Strains, Snowdrift, Imperial 10-6, Snow Crown, White Rock |
Comment: Tie leaves around flowerhead at 2-3 inch diameter stage to prevent discoloration. For green heads, grow broccoflower. |
Celery |
Utah Strains, Florida Strains, Summer Pascal |
Comment: Celery requires very high soil moisture during seeding/seedling stage. |
Chinese Cabbage |
Michihili, Wong Bok, Bok Choy, Napa |
Comment: Bok Choy is open-leaf type, while Michihili and Napa form round heads. |
Collards |
Georgia, Vates, Blue Max, Hicrop Hybrid |
Comment: Tolerates more heat than most other crucifers. Harvest lower leaves. Kale may also be grown. |
Endive/Escarole |
Florida Deep Heart, Full Heart, Ruffec |
Comment: Excellent ingredient in tossed salads. Well adapted to cooler months. |
Kohlrabi |
Early White Vienna, Grand Duke, Purple Vienna |
Comment: Both red and green varieties are easily grown. Use fresh or cooked. Leaves edible. |
Lettuce |
Crisp: Minetto, Ithaca, Fulton, Floricrisp. Butterhead: Bibb, White Boston, Tom Thumb. Leaf: Prize Head, Red Sails, Salad Bowl. Romaine: Parris Island Cos, Valmaine, Floricos. |
Grow crisphead type in coolest part of season for firmer heads. Sow seeds very shallow, as they need light for germination. Intercrop lettuce with long-season vegetables. |
Mustard |
Southern Giant Curled, Florida Broad Leaf, Tendergreen |
Consider planting in a wide-row system. Broadleaf type requires more space. Cooked as "greens". |
Onions |
Bulbing: Excel, Texas Grano, Granex, White Granex, Tropicana RedBunching: White Portugal, Evergreen, Beltsville Bunching, Perfecto BlancoMultipliers: Shallots |
Comment: Plant short-day bulbing varieties. For bunching onions, insert sets upright for straight stems. For multipliers, divide and reset. Bulbing onions may be seeded in the fall, then transplanted in early spring (Jan-Feb). `Granex' used for Vidalia and St. Augustine Sweets. |
Parsley |
Moss Curled, Perfection, Italian |
Comment: Grow parsley root similarly (Hamburg type). Curly and plain types do well. |
Peas, English |
Wando, Green Arrow, Laxton's Progress, Sugar Snap, Oregon Sugar. |
Comment: Edible podded type are "Oregon" (flat) and "Sugar Snap" (round) - be sure to trellis. |
Potatoes |
Sebago, Red Pontiac, Atlantic, Red LaSoda, LaRouge, Superior |
Comment: Plant 2-ounce seed pieces with eyes. Do not use table-stock for seed. Remove tops two weeks before digging to "toughen skin." Varieties planted by seeds produce less than from tubers. |
Radish |
Cherry Belle, Comet, Early Scarlet Globe, White Icicle, Sparkler, Red Prince, Champion, Snowbelle |
Comment: The winter type (Daikon) grows well in Florida, too. Inter-crop summer type with slow growing vegetables to save space. |
Spinach |
Virginia Savoy, Melody, Bloomsdale Longstanding, Tyee, Olympia |
Comment: Grow during coolest months. Malabar spinach is a more prolific type that grows well in Florida.(5) |
Strawberry |
Florida 90, Chandler, Dover, Florida Belle, Oso Grande, Sweet Charlie, Selva |
Comment: Plant short-day varieties. Grow as an annual crop starting with disease-free plants in the fall. |
Turnips |
Roots/Tops: Purple-Top White Globe, Just RiteTops: All Top |
Comment: Grow for roots and tops. Broadcast seed in wide-row system or single file. |
(1) Other varieties may produce well also. Suggestions are based on availability, performance, and pest resistance. |
(2) To practice crop rotation, group family members; avoid planting family members following each other. |
(3) Transplantability categories: I, easily survives transplanting; II survives with care; III, use seeds or containerized transplants only. |
(4) Days from seeding to harvest, values in parentheses are days from transplanting to first harvest. |
(5) For more information on Malabar spinach and other minor vegetables, get a copy of Bulletin SP-40, "Manual of Minor Vegetables." |
Crop |
Plant Family |
Transplantability (3) |
Pounds yield per 100' |
Days to Harvest (4) |
Seeds/plants Per 100' |
Spacing (inches) |
Seed depth (inches) |
Planting Dates in Florida (outdoors)* |
|||
Rows |
Plants |
North |
Central |
South |
|||||||
Beans, bush |
Fabaceae |
III |
45 |
50-60 |
1 lb. |
18-30 |
2-3 |
1-2 |
Mar-AprAug-Sept |
Feb-AprSept |
Sept-Apr |
Beans, pole |
Fabaceae |
III |
80 |
55-70 |
½ lb. |
40-48 |
3-6 |
1-2 |
Mar-AprAug-Sept |
Feb-AprAug-Sept |
Aug-Apr |
Beans, lima |
Fabaceae |
III |
50 |
65-75 |
2 lb. |
24-36 |
3-4 |
1-2 |
Mar-Aug |
Feb-AprSept. |
Aug-Apr |
Beets |
Chenopodiaceae |
I |
75 |
50-65 |
1 oz. |
14-24 |
3-5 |
½ - 1 |
Sept-Mar |
Oct-Mar |
Oct-Feb |
Broccoli |
Brassicaceae |
I |
50 |
75-90 |
100 plts1/8 oz. |
30-36 |
12-18 |
½ - 1 |
Aug-Feb |
Aug-Jan |
Sept-Jan |
Brussels Sprouts |
100 plts1/8 oz |
30-36 |
18 |
½ - 1 |
Sept-Nov |
Oct-Nov |
Oct-Dec |
||||
Cabbage |
Brassicaceae |
I |
125 |
90-110(70-90) |
(1/8 oz)100 plts |
24-36 |
12-24 |
½ - 1 |
Sept-Feb |
Sept-Jan |
Sept-Jan |
Cantaloupes |
Cucurbitaccae |
III |
150 |
75-90(65-75) |
½ oz. |
60-72 |
24-36 |
1-2 |
Mar-Apr |
Feb-Apr |
Aug-SeptFeb-Mar |
Carrots |
Apiaceae |
II |
100 |
65-80 |
1/8 oz. |
16-24 |
1-3 |
½ |
Sept-Mar |
Oct-Mar |
Oct-Feb |
Cauliflower |
Brassicaceae |
I |
80 |
75-90(55-70) |
55 plts(1/8 oz) |
24-30 |
18-24 |
½ - 1 |
Jan-FebAug-Oct |
Oct-Jan |
Oct-Jan |
Celery |
Apiaceae |
II |
150 |
115-125(80-105) |
150 plts(1/8 oz) |
24-36 |
6-10 |
¼ - ½ |
Jan-Mar |
Aug-Feb |
Oct-Jan |
Chinese cabbage |
Brassicaceae |
I |
100 |
70-90(60-70) |
125 plts(1/8 oz) |
24-36 |
12-24 |
¼ - ¾ |
Oct-Feb |
Oct-Jan |
Nov-Jan |
Collards |
Brassicaceae |
I |
150 |
70-80 |
100 plts(1/8 oz) |
24-30 |
10-18 |
½ - 1 |
Feb-AprAug-Nov |
Aug-Mar |
Aug-Feb |
Corn, sweet |
Poaceae |
III |
115 |
60-95 |
2 oz. |
24-36 |
12-18 |
1-2 |
Mar-AprAug |
Feb-MarAug-Sept |
Aug-Mar |
Cucumbers |
Cucurbitaceae |
III |
100 |
50-65(40-50) |
½ oz. |
36-60 |
12-24 |
1-2 |
Feb-AprAug-Sept |
Feb-MarSept |
Sept-Mar |
Eggplant |
Solanaceae |
I |
200 |
90-110(75-90) |
50 plts1 pkt |
36-42 |
24-36 |
½ |
Feb-July |
Jan-MarAug-Sept |
Dec-FebAug-Oct |
Endive/Escarole |
Asteraceae |
I |
75 |
80-95 |
100 plts |
18-24 |
8-12 |
½ |
Feb-MarSept |
Jan-FebSept |
Sept-Jan |
Kale |
- |
- |
- |
- |
100 plts(1/8 oz) |
24-30 |
12-18 |
½ - 1 |
Sept-Feb |
Sept-Jan |
Sept-Jan |
Kohlrabi |
Brassicaceae |
I |
100 |
70-80(50-55) |
1/8 oz. |
24-30 |
3-5 |
½ - 1 |
Sept-Mar |
Oct-Mar |
Oct-Feb |
Leek |
- |
- |
- |
- |
½ oz. |
12-24 |
2-4 |
½ |
Sept-Mar |
Sept-Feb |
Oct-Jan |
Lettuce: Crisp, Butter-head, Leaf & Romaine |
Asteraceae |
I |
75 |
50-90 |
100 plts |
12-24 |
8-12 |
½ |
Feb-MarSept-Oct |
Sept-Mar |
Sept-Jan |
Mustard |
Brassicaceae |
II |
100 |
40-60 |
¼ oz. |
14-24 |
1-6 |
½ - 1 |
Sept-May |
Sept-Mar |
Sept-Mar |
Okra |
Malvaceae |
III |
70 |
50-75 |
1 oz. |
24-40 |
6-12 |
1-2 |
Mar-July |
Mar-Aug |
Aug-Sept |
Onions, Bulbing |
Liliaceae |
III |
100100100 |
120-160(110-120)50-75(30-40)(30-40) |
300 plts or sets,1 oz seed |
12-24 |
4-6 |
½ - 1 |
Sept-Dec |
Sept-Dec |
Sept-Nov |
Onions, Bunching |
Liliaceae |
III |
100100100 |
120-160(110-120)50-75(30-40)(30-40) |
800 plts or sets,1 - 1½ oz seed |
12-24 |
1-2 |
2-3 |
Aug-Mar |
Aug-Mar |
Sept-Mar |
Onions, Multipliers |
Liliaceae |
III |
100100100 |
120-160(110-120)50-75(30-40)(30-40) |
" |
18-24 |
6-8 |
½ - ¾ |
" |
" |
" |
Parsley |
Apiaceae |
II |
40 |
70-90 |
¼ oz. |
12-20 |
8-12 |
¼ |
Sept-Mar |
Oct-Feb |
Sept-Jan |
Peas, English |
Fabaceae |
III |
40 |
50-70 |
1 lb. |
24-36 |
2-3 |
1-2 |
Jan-Mar |
Sept-Mar |
Sept-Feb |
Peas, southern |
Fabaceae |
III |
80 |
60-90 |
½ oz. |
30-36 |
2-3 |
1-2 |
Mar-Aug |
Mar-Sept |
Aug-Apr |
Peppers |
Solanaceae |
I |
50 |
80-100(60-80) |
100 plts1 pkt |
20-36 |
12-24 |
½ |
Feb-AprJuly-Aug |
Jan-MarAug-Sept |
Aug-Mar |
Potatoes |
Solanaceae |
II |
150 |
85-110 |
15 lbs. |
36-42 |
8-12 |
3-4 |
Jan-Mar |
Jan-Feb |
Sept-Jan |
Potatoes, sweet |
Convolvulaceae |
I |
300 |
(120-140) |
100 plts |
48-54 |
12-14 |
--- |
Mar-June |
Feb-June |
Feb-June |
Pumpkin |
Cucurbitaceae |
III |
300 |
90-120(80-110) |
1 oz. |
60-84 |
36-60 |
1-2 |
Mar-AprAug |
Feb-MarAug |
Jan-FebAug-Sept |
Radish |
Brassicaceae |
III |
40 |
20-30 |
1 oz. |
12-18 |
1-2 |
¾ |
Sept-Mar |
Sept-Mar |
Oct-Mar |
Spinach |
Chenopodiaceae |
II |
40 |
45-60 |
1 oz. |
14-18 |
3-5 |
¾ |
Oct-Nov |
Oct-Nov |
Oct-Jan |
Squash, Summer |
Cucurbitaceae |
IIIIII |
150300 |
40-55(35-40)80-110(70-90) |
1½ oz. |
36-48 |
24-36 |
1-2 |
Mar-AprAug-Sept |
Feb-Mar Aug-Sept |
Jan-MarSept-Oct |
Squash, Winter |
Cucurbitaceae |
IIIIII |
150300 |
40-55(35-40)80-110(70-90) |
1 oz. |
60-90 |
36-48 |
1-2 |
MarAug |
Feb-MarAug |
Jan-FebSept |
Strawberry |
Rosaceae |
I |
50 |
(90-110) |
100 plts |
36-40 |
10-14 |
--- |
Oct-Nov |
Oct-Nov |
Oct-Nov |
Tomatoes, Stake |
Solanaceae |
I |
200 |
90-110(75-90) |
70 plts1 pkt |
36-48 |
18-24 |
½ |
Feb-AprAug |
Jan-MarSept |
Aug-Mar |
Tomatoes, Ground |
Solanaceae |
I |
200 |
90-110(75-90) |
35 plts1 pkt |
40-60 |
36-40 |
½ |
" |
" |
" |
Tomatoes, Container |
Solanaceae |
I |
200 |
90-110(75-90) |
" |
" |
" |
||||
Turnips |
Brassicaceae |
III |
150 |
40-60 |
¼ oz. |
12-20 |
4-6 |
½ -1 |
Jan-AprAug-Oct |
Jan-MarSept-Nov |
Oct-Feb |
Watermelon, Large |
Cucurbitaceae |
III |
400 |
85-95(80-90) |
1/8 oz. |
84-108 |
48-60 |
1-2 |
Mar-AprJuly-Aug |
Jan-MarAug |
Jan-MarAug-Sept |
Watermelon, Small |
Cucurbitaceae |
III |
400 |
85-95(80-90) |
1/8 oz. |
48-60 |
15-30 |
" |
" |
" |
" |
Watermelon, Seedless |
Cucurbitaceae |
III |
400 |
85-95(80-90) |
70 plts |
48-60 |
15-30 |
" |
" |
" |
" |
* North: north of State Rd 40; Central: between State Rds 40 and 70; South: south of State Rd 70. |
1. This document is SP103, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date, December 1991. Revised March 1994. Reviewed May 2003. Revised December 2008. Visit the EDIS Web Site at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
2. J.M. Stephens, professor and Extension Vegetable Specialist, Horticultural Sciences Department; R.A. Dunn, professor and Extension Nematologist, Entomology and Nematology Department; G. Kidder, professor and Extension Soils Scientist, Soil Science Department; D. Short, professor and Extension Entomologist, Entomology and Nematology Department; G.W. Simone, associate professor and Extension Plant Pathologist, Plant Pathology Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611.The use of trade names in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information. It is not a guarantee or warranty of the products named, and does not signify that they are approved to the exclusion of others of suitable composition.The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal
Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational
information and other services only to individuals and institutions
that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed,
color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital
status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations.
For more information on obtaining other extension publications,
contact your county Cooperative Extension service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service,
University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative
Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Millie Ferrer, Interim Dean.