Pacific Southwest

Title: Phytophthora ramorum experience and approach in the Netherlands

Author: Steeghs, M.H.C.G.; De Gruyter, J.

Date: 2006

Source: In: Frankel, Susan J.; Shea, Patrick J.; and Haverty, Michael I., tech. coords. Proceedings of the sudden oak death second science symposium: the state of our knowledge. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-196. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture: 367-369

Station ID: GTR-PSW-196

Description: Phytophthora ramorum was found for the first time in the Netherlands in 1993. In 2001 a risk analysis was done. The results initiated a program to investigate the spread in the Netherlands and to develop measures to prevent further spread. The measures outside the nurseries gave rise to intensive discussions with the managers and owners of these areas. In 2002 the European Union (E.U.) Commission Decision aimed at preventing introduction and spread of the pathogen and gaining insight in the distribution came into force. During the first season of inspections 4 percent of the nurseries growing host plants had P. ramorum infections on rhododendron or viburnum. In the second season of inspections the number of infections at the nurseries dropped to 1.5 percent and in the current season, 2004-2005, the incidence of P. ramorum has dropped even lower. The measures appear to be effective. Outside the nurseries 2 percent of the inspected rhododendron sites had infections. During the follow-up survey at the infested sites two infestations in Quercus rubra were found. The owners had to remove the infestation or prevent people from entering the area. Eradication from the Netherlands territory is not considered feasible. In addition to these government measures there is also a national campaign to encourage owners/managers of green spaces to remove infested plants and as a result lower the inoculum pressure.

Keywords: infestation, Netherlands, nurseries, plant quarantine policy, public and private green spaces

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Citation

Steeghs, M.H.C.G.; De Gruyter, J.  2006.  Phytophthora ramorum experience and approach in the Netherlands.   In: Frankel, Susan J.; Shea, Patrick J.; and Haverty, Michael I., tech. coords. Proceedings of the sudden oak death second science symposium: the state of our knowledge. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-196. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture: 367-369.