| Agent Name |
Malononitrile |
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| CAS Number |
109-77-3 |
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| Formula |
C3-H2-N2 |
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| Major Category |
Toxic Gases & Vapors |
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| Synonyms |
Cyanoacetonitrile; Dicyanomethane; Dwumetylosulfotlenku [Polish]; Malonic acid dinitrile; Malonic dinitrile; Malonodinitrile; Methane, dicyano-; Methylene cyanide; Methylenecyanide; Methylenedinitrile; Nitril kyseliny malonove [Czech]; Nitrile kyseliny malonove [Czech]; Propanedinitrile; Propanedinitrite; [ChemIDplus] UN2647 |
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| Category |
Nitriles |
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| Description |
White powder or colorless crystals; Note: Melts above 90 degrees F. Forms cyanide in the body; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used in organic synthesis of thiamine, an anti-cancer drug, acrylic fibers, and dyes; used as a leaching agent for gold; [HSDB] |
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| Comments |
The toxicity of this compound is due to liver metabolism and the release of cyanide. Animals show liver injury after subcutaneous doses. [HSDB] A severe irritant of the skin and eyes; Violent polymerization may occur if heated above 266 deg F or contacts strong bases at lower temperatures; [CAMEO] |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Not evaluated |
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| Vapor Pressure |
0.2 mm Hg |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 200-300 mg/m3/2H |
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| Explanatory Notes |
NIOSH REL = 3 ppm; Flash point = 266 deg F; |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
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| Other Poison |
Chemical Asphyxiant |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: MALONONITRILE
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