| Agent Name |
o-Nitrochlorobenzene |
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| Alternative Name |
o-Chloronitrobenzene |
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| CAS Number |
88-73-3 |
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| Formula |
C6-H4-Cl-N-O2 |
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| Major Category |
Nitrogen Compounds |
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| Synonyms |
1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene; 1-Nitro-2-chlorobenzene; 2-Chloro-1-nitrobenzene; 2-Chloronitrobenzene; 2-Nitrochlorobenzene; ONCB; o-Chloronitrobenzene; o-Nitrochlorobenzene; [ChemIDplus] UN1578 |
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| Category |
Nitros, Aromatic |
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| Description |
Yellow crystals with an aromatic odor; [CAMEO] |
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| Sources/Uses |
"Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of o-aminophenol (used as a developer in the photography industry); [HDSB] |
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| Comments |
Crystals may cause severe skin burns. [HSDB] Listed in a table of "Industrial Chemicals for Which Methemoglobin Formation is the Principal Cause of Toxicity"; [ACGIH] "In the United Kingdom between 1961 and 1980, chloroaniline, p-toluidine, nitrobenzene, and nitrochlorobenzene were the most common industrial causes of methemoglobinemia. Dermal exposure was a more frequent route of toxicity than inhalation with these compounds." (Ellenhorn, M.J. and D.G. Barceloux. Medical Toxicology - Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Poisoning. New York, NY: Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc. 1988.) Can cause methemoglobinemia after acute exposure and anemia and liver damage after chronic exposure; [ICSC] |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| BEI |
Methemoglobin in blood = 1.5% of hemoglobin during or end of shift |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Not evaluated |
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| Vapor Pressure |
0.4 mm Hg |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 3,200 mg/m3/4h |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Flash point = 127 deg C; |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Methemoglobinemia |
Methemoglobinemia, Primary |
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| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Not Classifiable |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 1-CHLORO-2-NITROBENZENE
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