| Agent Name |
1,3-Butadiene |
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| Alternative Name |
Butadiene |
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| CAS Number |
106-99-0 |
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| Formula |
C4-H6 |
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| Major Category |
Plastics & Rubber |
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| Synonyms |
Biethylene; Bivinyl; Buta-1,3-dieen [Dutch]; Buta-1,3-dien [German]; Buta-1,3-diene; Butadieen [Dutch]; Butadien [Polish]; Butadiene monomer; Butadiene-1,3-uninhibited; Divinyl; Erythrene; UN 1010; Vinylethylene; alpha,gamma-Butadiene; [ChemIDplus] UN1010 |
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| Category |
Other Monomers |
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| Description |
Colorless gas with a mild aromatic or gasoline-like odor. [Note: A liquid below 24 degrees F. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used in the production of synthetic rubber for motor vehicle tires; also used in styrene-butadiene polymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins, and other compounds; [ACGIH] |
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| Comments |
Synthetic rubber workers in the past had increased incidence of leukemia attributed to chronic and heavy exposure to 1,3-butadiene. Acutely, it is not very toxic. [Lewis R. "Overview of the Rubber Industry and Tire Manufacturing." in Occupational Medicine STAR 14(4): 710, 1999.] In reproductive studies of mice, 1,3-butadiene causes testicular damage. Some animal studies found birth defects after high doses during early pregnancy. [Frazier, p. 277-8] Causes CNS depression at high concentrations; May have effects on the bone marrow; [ICSC] |
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| Restricted |
See Occupational Safety & Health Standard--29CFR1910.1051 |
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| Reference Link |
OSHA Technical Links: 1,3-butadiene |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| BEI |
1,2 Dihydroxy-4-(N-acetylcysteinyl)-butane in urine = 2.5 mg/L at end of shift; Mixture of N-1 and N-2-(hydroxybutenyl)valine hemoglobin (Hb) adducts in blood = 2.5 pmol/g Hb sampling time not critical; |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
2 ppm |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
1 ppm, STEL(OSHA) = 5 ppm |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
2000 ppm |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Other animal data: Exposures to 6,700 ppm for 7.5 hours/day, 6 days/week for 8 months caused no progressive injury in rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, or 1 dog [Carpenter et al. 1944]. Human data: Narcosis did not occur in volunteers exposed to 8,000 ppm for 8 hours [Carpenter et al. 1944]. Exposure to 10,000 ppm for 5 minutes has resulted in slight irritation and dryness of the nose and mouth with some increase in pulse rate but no effect on blood pressure or respiration [Shugaev 1968]. |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
0.09 ppm |
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| Odor Threshold High |
76 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 285,000 mg/m3/4H |
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| Explanatory Notes |
IDLH = 10% LEL (lower explosive limit); Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 0.45 ppm); Flash point = -105 deg F; |
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| Half Life |
No reports found; [TDR, p. 224] |
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| Reference Link |
ATSDR Medical Management - 1,3-Butadiene |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
4: burns readily |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Neurotoxin |
Other CNS Neurotoxin |
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| Reproductive Toxin |
Yes |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Probable Carcinogen |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 1,3-BUTADIENE
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