| Agent Name |
Isophorone |
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| CAS Number |
78-59-1 |
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| Formula |
C9-H14-O |
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| Major Category |
Solvents |
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| Synonyms |
1,1,3-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-5-one; 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 3,5,5-trimethyl-; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-on [German, Dutch]; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenone; 3,5,5-Trimetil-2-cicloesen-1-one [Italian]; Isoacetophorone; Isoforon; Isoforone [Italian]; Isooctopherone; Isophorone; Izoforon [Polish]; [ChemIDplus] UN8027 |
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| Category |
Ketones |
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| Description |
Colorless to white liquid with a peppermint-like odor; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used as a solvent for coatings, especially vinyl resins applied by roller; also used as a chemical intermediate and a solvent for other materials; [ACGIH] |
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| Comments |
Liquid causes first degree burns on short exposure. [CHRIS] Isophorone is a skin irritant. [Quick CPC] |
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| Reference Link |
ATSDR ToxFAQs - Isophorone |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| Ceiling (ACGIH) |
5 ppm |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
25 ppm |
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| MAK |
2 ppm |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
200 ppm |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the UCC [1971] report that exposure of animals for 1 hour to 880 ppm caused serious organ damage; only 1 of 6 animals died from an 8�hour exposure to air saturated with isophorone (approximately 525 ppm at 77�F). . . . Human data: A few of the 11 or 12 volunteers exposed for a few minutes to 200 or 400 ppm complained of nausea, headache, dizziness, faintness, inebriation, and a feeling of suffocation [Smyth and Seaton 1940] |
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| Vapor Pressure |
0.43 mm Hg |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
0.19 ppm |
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| Odor Threshold High |
0.53 ppm |
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| RD50 |
27 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 7,000 mg/m3/4h |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 0.19 ppm); Flash point = 84 deg C; |
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| Reference Link |
International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO) |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
2: high ambient temperature required |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
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| Neurotoxin |
CNS Solvent Syndrome |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: ISOPHORONE
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