Product Pathways - MAPK Signaling
Phospho-TAK1 (Ser412) Antibody #9339
Applications | Reactivity | Sensitivity | MW (kDa) | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
W IP | H M R | Endogenous | 78 | Rabbit |
Applications Key:
W=Western Blotting
IP=Immunoprecipitation
Reactivity Key:
H=Human
M=Mouse
R=Rat
Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.
Protocols
Specificity / Sensitivity
Phospho-TAK1 (Ser412) Antibody detects endogenous levels of TAK1 only when phosphorylated at serine 412.
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic phospho-peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues surrounding serine 412. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Background
TAK1 is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase that can be activated by TGFbeta, bone morphogenetic protein and other cytokines including IL-1 (1,2). In vivo activation of TAK1 requires association with TAK1 binding protein 1 (TAB1), which triggers phosphorylation of TAK1 (3,4). Another adaptor protein, TAB2, links TAK1 with TRAF6 and mediates TAK1 activation upon IL-1 stimulation (5). Once activated, TAK1 phosphorylates MAPK kinases MKK4 and MKK3/6, which activate p38 MAPK and JNK, respectively. In addition, TAK1 activates the NF-kappaB pathway by interacting with TRAF6 and phosphorylating the NF-kappaB inducing kinase (NIK) (2).
TAK1 activation requires multiple phosphorylations in its activation loop. Mutations at Thr187 and Thr184, residues located in the activation loop of TAK1, impairs phosphorylation of both TAK1 and TAB1 and reduces the kinase activity of TAK1, suggesting that autophosphorylation of these residues is necessary for TAK1 activation (4). TAK1 is also phosphorylated at Ser412 in a PKA-dependent manner (6). A mutation of Ser412 to alanine acts as a dominant negative for PKA-enhanced degradation of IκBα, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and prostaglandin E2-enhances osteoclastic differentiation in RAW264.7 cells (6).
- Yamaguchi, K. et al. (1995) Science 270, 2008-2011.
- Ninomiya-Tsuji, J. et al. (1999) Nature 398, 252-256.
- Shibuya, H. et al. (1996) Science 272, 1179-1182.
- Sakurai, H. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett. 474, 141-145.
- Takaesu, G. et al. (2000) Mol. Cell 4, 649-658.
- Kobayashi, Y. et al. (2005) J Biol Chem 280, 11395-403.
Application References
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This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.