Product Pathways - Akt Signaling
Phospho-FoxO1 (Ser319) Antibody #2486
Applications | Reactivity | Sensitivity | MW (kDa) | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
W | H | Transfected Only | 120 (GFP-FoxO1) | Rabbit |
Applications Key:
W=Western Blotting
Reactivity Key:
H=Human
Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.
Protocols
- 2486:
- Western Blotting
Specificity / Sensitivity
Phospho-FoxO1 (Ser319) Antibody detects exogenous levels of FoxO1 only when phosphorylated at serine 319. The antibody does not cross-reacts with FoxO1 phosphorylated at other sites nor with other phosphorylated family members.
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic phospho-peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues surrounding Ser319 of human FoxO1. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Western Blotting
Western blot analysis of extracts from untreated or serum-treated COS-7 cells exogenously expressing GFP-FoxO1, using Phospho-FoxO1 (Ser319) Antibody. The phospho-specificity of the antibody was verified by treating the membrane with (+) or without (-) calf intestinal phosphatase (CIP) after Western transfer.
Background
The Forkhead family of transcription factors is involved in tumorigenesis of rhabdomyosarcoma and acute leukemias (1-3). Within the family, three members (FoxO1, FoxO4 and FoxO3a) have sequence similarity to the nematode orthologue DAF-16, which mediates signaling via a pathway involving IGFR1, PI3K and Akt (4-6). Active forkhead members act as tumor suppressors by promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Increased expression of any FoxO member results in the activation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1. Forkhead transcription factors also play a part in TGF-β-mediated upregulation of p21CIP1, a process negatively regulated through PI3K (7). Increased proliferation results when forkhead transcription factors are inactivated through phosphorylation by Akt at Thr24, Ser256 and Ser319, which results in nuclear export and inhibition of transcription factor activity (8). Forkhead transcription factors can also be inhibited by the deacetylase sirtuin (SirT1) (9).
- Anderson, M.J. et al. (1998) Genomics 47, 187-199.
- Galili, N. et al. (1993) Nat. Genet. 5, 230-235.
- Borkhardt, A. et al. (1997) Oncogene 14, 195-202.
- Nakae, J. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 15982-15985.
- Rena, G. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 17179-17183.
- Guo, S. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 17184-17192.
- Seoane, J. et al. (2004) Cell 117, 211-223.
- Arden, K.C. (2004) Mol. Cell 14, 416-418.
- Yang, Y. et al. (2005) EMBO J. 24, 1021-1032.
Application References
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This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.