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The major function of the reproductive system is
to ensure survival of the species. Other systems in
the body, such as the endocrine and urinary systems,
work continuously to maintain homeostasis for survival
of the individual. An individual may live a long,
healthy, and happy life without producing offspring,
but if the species is to continue, at least some individuals
must produce offspring.
Within the context of producing offspring, the reproductive
system has four functions:
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- To produce egg and sperm cells
- To transport and sustain these cells
- To nurture the developing offspring
- To produce hormones
These functions are divided between the primary and secondary,
or accessory, reproductive organs. The primary reproductive
organs, or gonads, consist of the ovaries and testes. These
organs are responsible for producing the egg and sperm cells,
(gametes), and for producing hormones. These hormones function
in the maturation of the reproductive system, the development
of sexual characteristics, and have important roles in regulating
the normal physiology of the reproductive system. All other
organs, ducts, and glands in the reproductive system are considered
secondary, or accessory, reproductive organs. These structures
transport and sustain the gametes and nurture the developing
offspring.
Click the hyper-links below to learn more about the male
and female reproductive systems.
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