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Thiamine

Synonym(s)

Aneurin
Anti-beriberi factor
Thiamine
Thiazolium, 3-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl- chloride
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B<sub>1</sub>
Vit B1

water soluble B vitamin with a structure consisting of substituted pyrimidine and thiazolium rings linked by a methylene group; deficiency causes beriberi.: Definition from: Unified Medical Language System (CRISP Thesaurus) at the National Library of Medicine
A heat-labile and water-soluble essential vitamin, belonging to the vitamin B family, with antioxidant, erythropoietic, mood modulating, and glucose-regulating activities. Thiamine reacts with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to form an active coenzyme, thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for the actions of pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate in carbohydrate metabolism and for the actions of transketolase, an enzyme that plays an important role in the pentose phosphate pathway. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and may inhibit the action of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thiamine may also protect against lead toxicity by inhibiting lead-induced lipid peroxidation.: Definition from: Unified Medical Language System (NCI Thesaurus) at the National Library of Medicine


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