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HomeEducational Resources Talking Glossary
Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms
The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) created the Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms to help people without scientific backgrounds understand the terms and concepts used in genetic research. Simply click on the term of interest to open a page with a wealth of information, including the term's pronunciation, audio information, images and additional links to related terms. Students, teachers and parents will find the glossary an easy-to-use, always available learning source on genetics.
For more information go to the Guide to the Talking Glossary.
Enter a word or phrase:
A
adenine
adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA)
adenovirus
Alagille syndrome
allele
amino acids
animal model
antibody
antisense
apoptosis
ataxia-telangiectasia
Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS)
autosomal dominant
autosome
B
bacteria
bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)
base pair
birth defect
bone marrow transplantation
BRCA1/BRCA2
C
cancer
candidate gene
carcinoma
carrier
cDNA library
cell
centimorgan
centromere
chromosome
cloning
codon
congenital
contig
craniosynostosis
cystic fibrosis
cytogenetic map
cytosine
D
deletion
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
diabetes mellitus
diploid
DNA replication
DNA sequencing
dominant
double helix
duplication
E
electrophoresis
Ellis - van Creveld syndrome
enzyme
exon
F
familial Mediterranean fever
fibroblasts
fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
Fragile X syndrome
G
gene
gene amplification
gene expression
gene mapping
gene pool
gene therapy
gene transfer
genetic code (ATGC)
genetic counseling
genetic map
genetic marker
genetic screening
genome
genotype
germ line
guanine
H
haploid
haploinsufficiency
hematopoietic stem cell
hemophilia
heterozygous
highly conserved sequence
Hirschsprung's disease
holoprosencephaly
homologous recombination
homozygous
human artificial chromosome (HAC)
Human Genome Project
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Huntington's disease
hybridization
I
immunotherapy
in situ hybridization
inherited
insertion
intellectual property rights
intron
K
karyotype
knockout
L
leukemia
library
linkage
locus
LOD score
lymphocyte
M
malformation
mapping
marker
melanoma
Mendel, Johann (Gregor)
Mendelian inheritance
messenger RNA (mRNA)
metaphase
microarray technology
microsatellite
mitochondrial DNA
monosomy
mouse model
multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (MEN1)
mutation
N
neurofibromatosis
Niemann-Pick disease, type C (NPC)
non-coding DNA
non-directiveness
nonsense mutation
Northern blot
nucleotide
nucleus
O
oligo
oncogene
oncovirus
P
p53
Parkinson's disease
patent
pedigree
peptide
phenotype
physical map
polydactyly
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
polymorphism
positional cloning
primary immunodeficiency
primer
probe
promoter
pronucleus
prostate cancer
protease
protein
pseudogene
R
recessive
recombinant DNA
repressor
restriction enzymes
restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
retrovirus
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
ribosome
risk communication
S
sequence-tagged site (STS)
severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
sex chromosome
sex-linked
shotgun sequencing
sickle cell disease
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
somatic cells
Southern blot
spectral karyotype (SKY)
substitution
suicide gene
syndrome
T
technology transfer
thymine
transgenic
translocation
trisomy
tumor suppressor gene
U
uracil
V
vector
W
Western blot
Wolfram syndrome
Y
yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)
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