| Agent Name |
Thionyl chloride |
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| CAS Number |
7719-09-7 |
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| Formula |
Cl2-O-S |
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| Major Category |
Toxic Gases & Vapors |
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| Synonyms |
Sulfinyl chloride; Sulfur chloride oxide (Cl2SO); Sulfur oxychloride; Sulfurous dichloride; Sulfurous oxychloride; Thionyl dichloride; [ChemIDplus] UN1836 |
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| Category |
Acid Halides |
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| Description |
Colorless to yellow to reddish liquid with a pungent odor like sulfur dioxide. [Note: Fumes form when exposed to moist air.]; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used to make herbicides, surfactants, drugs, dyes, and plastics; Also used as an electrolyte in lithium batteries; [ACGIH] |
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| Comments |
Can cause pneumonitis; [ACGIH] Toxicity is comparable to hydrogen chloride; liquid may cause severe skin burns; [HSDB] Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] A lachrymator; [HSDB] A corrosive substance that can cause pulmonary edema; [ICSC] Thionyl chloride is fibrogenic to the lungs in the context of an acute inhalation exposure complicated by bronchiolitis obliterans. |
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| Reference Link |
Thionyl-chloride-induced lung injury and bronchiolitis obliterans. |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| TIH |
Yes |
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| Ceiling (ACGIH) |
1 ppm |
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| Vapor Pressure |
100 mm Hg |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 500 ppm/1h |
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| Explanatory Notes |
See 2008 Notice of Intended Changes; [ACGIH] |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
0: will not burn |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Toxic Pneumonitis |
Yes |
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| Fibrogenic |
Yes |
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| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
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| Lacrimator |
Yes |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: THIONYL CHLORIDE
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