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Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome Database (ALPSbase)
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Molecular Pathways Related to ALPS
Cell death pathways affected in ALPS
| A. Cell death pathway initiated by Fas ligand (Fas L). Trimeric Fas L binds to the transmembrane protein Fas, inducing trimerization and binding of Fas to FADD. FADD then binds caspase 8, which initiates a proteolytic cascade leading to degradation of DNA and eventual cell death. Recent data indicate that FADD may bind caspase 10 as well. The specific functions of the Fas apoptotic pathway include peripheral deletion of activated T cells following an immune response, cytotoxic T and NK cell mediated killing of virus-infected cells or cancer cells, and killing of inflammatory cells at sites of immune privilege. |
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B. Cell death pathways initiated by the ligand TRAIL. Trimeric TRAIL binds to the transmembrane proteins DR4 or DR5, inducing trimerization and binding of DR4 or DR5 to FADD. FADD then preferentially binds caspase 10 (but can bind caspase 8, which initiates a proteolytic cascade leading to degradation of DNA and eventual cell death. The TRAIL pathways can induce T cell death, and recent data indicate they are important in apoptosis of dendritic cells. Although the major function of the TRAIL pathway is induction of apoptosis, it can induce NFkB activation as well. |
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