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Sponsored by: |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
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Information provided by: | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00061321 |
Infants who are breast-fed by HIV infected mothers have an increased risk of becoming infected with HIV. Standard therapy for the prevention of HIV infections in infants included zidovudine (ZDV) prior to the onset of labor, a single dose of nevirapine (NVP) for women during labor, and a single dose of NVP for newborns given 72 hours after birth. This study will determine if giving low dose daily NVP to breastfed infants of HIV infected mothers, in addition to standard therapy, will be more effective than standard therapy alone at preventing HIV infections in these infants.
Condition | Intervention | Phase |
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HIV Infections |
Drug: Nevirapine and mulitvitamins |
Phase III |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Prevention, Randomized, Open Label, Active Control, Crossover Assignment, Safety/Efficacy Study |
Official Title: | Prevention of Maternal to Infant HIV Transmission in India |
Enrollment: | 770 |
Study Start Date: | August 2002 |
Study Completion Date: | September 2007 |
Primary Completion Date: | April 2007 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
Arms | Assigned Interventions |
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1: Active Comparator
Mothers: One dose of intrapartum nevirapine by mouth (200mg) at onset of labor Infants: One dose of liquid nevirapine by mouth within 72 hours of birth (2mg/kg) Infants: Liquid multivitamins (1ml/day) week 1 through week 6 post-partum
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Drug: Nevirapine and mulitvitamins
Mothers: One dose of intrapartum nevirapine by mouth (200mg) at onset of labor Infants: One dose of liquid nevirapine by mouth within 72 hours of birth (2mg/kg) Infants: Liquid multivitamins (1ml/day) week 1 through week 6 post-partum Infants (Arm 2 Only): Liquid nevirapine (5 mg/day) by mouth, from week 1 through week 6 post-partum
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2: Experimental
Mothers: One dose of intrapartum nevirapine by mouth (200mg) at onset of labor Infants: One dose of liquid nevirapine by mouth within 72 hours of birth (2mg/kg) Infants: Liquid multivitamins (1ml/day)by mouth, from week 1 through week 6 post-partum Infants: Liquid nevirapine (5 mg/day) by mouth, from week 1 through week 6 post-partum
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Drug: Nevirapine and mulitvitamins
Mothers: One dose of intrapartum nevirapine by mouth (200mg) at onset of labor Infants: One dose of liquid nevirapine by mouth within 72 hours of birth (2mg/kg) Infants: Liquid multivitamins (1ml/day) week 1 through week 6 post-partum Infants (Arm 2 Only): Liquid nevirapine (5 mg/day) by mouth, from week 1 through week 6 post-partum
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This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of adding daily infant NVP to standard prevention measures to decrease vertical transmission of HIV.
According to current statistics from the study site, approximately 70% of the pregnant HIV infected women in this study will have begun antenatal ZDV prior to the initiation of NVP at labor. The remaining 30% of the HIV infected women enrolled in this trial will have been previously undiagnosed. These women will be diagnosed with HIV infection either at the time they present to the delivery room in stage 1 of labor or immediately postpartum if they present for delivery late in labor and cannot provide informed consent for HIV screening prior to delivery.
All infants will receive the standard does of NVP at 72 hours postpartum. Infants will then be randomized to receive either daily NVP and a daily multivitamin (MVI) or a daily MVI alone. Infants will take NVP/MVI or MVI alone during Weeks 2 to 6 postpartum. The primary outcome measure is infant HIV infection rates at 6 months.
Two additional related cohorts of women will be followed for comparison: 1) an equal number of HIV uninfected women and their children will be enrolled for comparison of postpartum morbidity and mortality; and 2) consenting HIV infected women and their children who choose not to enroll in the clinical trial or are ineligible because they are not breastfeeding will be enrolled in an ancillary cohort.
Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older |
Genders Eligible for Study: | Female |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria for Pregnant or Postpartum Mothers
Exclusion Criteria
Responsible Party: | Johns Hopkins School of Medicine ( Robert C. Bollinger MD, MPH ) |
Study ID Numbers: | 5R01AI045462-04 |
Study First Received: | May 23, 2003 |
Last Updated: | July 30, 2008 |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00061321 |
Health Authority: | United States: Federal Government |
Nevirapine Pregnancy Maternal to Infant transmission |
Infant Breastfeeding HIV Seronegativity |
Virus Diseases Nevirapine Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral HIV Infections |
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Retroviridae Infections Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes |
Anti-Infective Agents RNA Virus Infections Slow Virus Diseases Anti-HIV Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Immune System Diseases Enzyme Inhibitors Infection |
Antiviral Agents Pharmacologic Actions Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Anti-Retroviral Agents Therapeutic Uses Lentivirus Infections Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors |