| Agent Name |
Dimethylformamide |
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| CAS Number |
68-12-2 |
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| Formula |
C3-H7-N-O |
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| Major Category |
Solvents |
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| Synonyms |
DMF; DMF (amide); DMFA; Dimethyl formamide; Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci [Czech]; Dimethylformamid [German]; Dimethylformamide; Dimetilformamide [Italian]; Dimetylformamidu [Czech]; Dwumetyloformamid [Polish]; Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-; Formic acid, amide, N,N-dimethyl-; N,N-Dimethyl formamide; N,N-Dimethylformamide; N,N-Dimethylmethanamide; N,N-Dimetilformamida [Spanish]; N-Formyldimethylamine; U-4224; [ChemIDplus] UN2265 |
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| Category |
Amides |
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| Description |
Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with a faint, amine-like odor; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used as a solvent in acrylic fiber spinning, textile dyeing, and paint stripping; also used in coating, printing, gluing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing; [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/90-105.html] Used as a solvent for vinyl resins; [Kanerva, p. 1146] Used in synthetic leather manufacturing; [JOEM 2004;46:729-736] |
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| Comments |
Liquid causes first degree burns on short exposure; [CHRIS] Allergic contact dermatitis reported in epoxy resin handlers; [Kanerva, p. 1146] DMF is toxic to the liver. [Reference #1] May cause liver injury and jaundice; [ICSC] Animals exposed to single lethal doses have CNS depression, anesthesia, convulsions, and coma. [HSDB] In the list of 15 chemicals classified as potentially fetotoxic even if MAK value observed; [Reference #2] |
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| Reference Link |
Preventing Adverse Health Effects from Exposure to Dimethylformamide (DMF) |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| BEI |
N-Methylformamide in urine = 15 mg/L at end of shift;N-Acetyl-S-(N-Methylcarbamoyl)cysteine in urine = 40mg/L prior to last shift of workweek |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Yes |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
10 ppm |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
10 ppm |
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| MAK |
5 ppm |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
500 ppm |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statements by Clayton et al. [1963] that rats survived a 4�hour exposure to air saturated with dimethylformamide vapor [Smyth and Carpenter 1948] and inhalation of saturated vapors for 6 hours was lethal [Haskell Laboratory]. A.D. Little reports that the saturated concentration at 20 C is 3,550 ppm. Because exposures to rats for 4 hours were at saturated concentrations, 3,500 ppm is chosen as the IDLH. . . . Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH. |
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| Vapor Pressure |
3 mm Hg |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
0.47 ppm |
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| Odor Threshold High |
100 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LCLo (rats) = 5,000 ppm/6 hr |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Odor threshold from AIHA; Flash point = 58 deg C; |
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| Half Life |
Whole body: 4 hours; [TDR, p. 551] |
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| Reference Link |
Reproductive toxicology in occupational settings: ...[Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006] - PubMed Result |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
2: high ambient temperature required |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
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| Neurotoxin |
CNS Solvent Syndrome |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Primary |
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| Reproductive Toxin |
Yes |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Not Classifiable |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
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