| Agent Name |
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone |
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| CAS Number |
872-50-4 |
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| Formula |
C5-H9-N-O |
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| Major Category |
Solvents |
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| Synonyms |
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone; 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone; 1-Methyl-5-pyrrolidinone; 1-Methylazacyclopentan-2-one; 1-Methylpyrrolidinone; 1-Methylpyrrolidone; 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-; M-Pyrol; Methylpyrrolidone; N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone; N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone; N-Methyl-gamma-butyrolactam; N-Methylpyrrolidinone; N-Methylpyrrolidone; NMP; Norleucine, 5-oxo-, DL; [ChemIDplus] UN1993 |
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| Category |
Other Solvents |
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| Description |
A clear colorless liquid with a "fishlike" odor; [CAMEO] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used as a solvent for chemicals and resins in the microelectronics and pharmaceutical industries; [HSDB] Widely used to replace other solvents, e.g., for paint stripping and lube oil extraction; it is used as a solvent for pesticides, coatings, adhesives, dyes, pigments, polymers, and polyurethane foam cleanup. [ACGIH] |
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| Comments |
It is absorbed through the skin; a severe eye irritant; [CSH, p. 272] Allergic contact dermatitis reported in workers handling this solvent; [Kanerva, p. 1162] Experimental animals experience lethargy and respiratory difficulty after inhalation. [HSDB] Some animal studies found fetal loss and birth defects after high doses during early pregnancy. [Frazier, p. 345] NMP is a cyclic amide used as a solvent, catalyst, formulating agent, and graffiti remover. Significant absorption occurs through the skin. 2-HMSI can be used for biological monitoring of workers. [Akesson B, Carnerup MA, Jonsson BAG. Evaluation of exposure biomarkers from percutaneous absorption of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Scand J Work Environ 2004;30(4):306-312] In high-dose animal studies, adverse effects include CNS depression and changes to the liver, kidneys, and blood cells. [ACGIH] A skin and eye irritant; [ICSC] |
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| Reference Link |
Irritant cutaneous reactions to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| BEI |
5-Hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in urine = 100 mg/L at end of shift; |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Not evaluated |
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| MAK |
20 ppm, vapor |
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| Vapor Pressure |
0.29 mm Hg |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LCLo (rats) = 1,000 mg/m3 |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Flash point = 96 deg C; |
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| Reference Link |
International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO) |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
2: high ambient temperature required |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Skin Sensitizer |
Yes |
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| Neurotoxin |
CNS Solvent Syndrome |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
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| Reproductive Toxin |
Yes |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE
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