| Agent Name |
Isopropyl alcohol |
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| Alternative Name |
2-Propanol |
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| CAS Number |
67-63-0 |
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| Formula |
C3-H8-O |
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| Major Category |
Solvents |
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| Synonyms |
1-Methylethanol; 1-Methylethyl alcohol; 2-Hydroxypropane; 2-Propanol; 2-Propyl alcohol; Alcojel; Alcolo; Alcool isopropilico [Italian]; Alcool isopropylique [French]; Alcosolve; Alcosolve 2; Alkolave; Arquad DMCB; Avantin; Avantine; Combi-schutz; Dimethylcarbinol; Hartosol; Imsol A; Iso-propylalkohol [German]; Isohol; Isopropanol; Isopropyl alcohol; Isopropyl alcohol, rubbing; Lavacol; Lutosol; Petrohol; Propol; Spectrar; Sterisol hand disinfectant; Takineocol; Visco 1152; i-Propanol [German]; i-Propyl alcohol; i-Propylalkohol [German]; n-Propan-2-ol; sec-Propyl alcohol; [ChemIDplus] UN1219; UN1993 |
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| Category |
Alcohols and Polyols |
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| Description |
Colorless liquid with the odor of rubbing alcohol; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used as a fuel antifreeze and an intermediate in the synthesis of organic chemicals; also used as a solvent for oils, resins, cosmetics, and many other household products; [ACGIH] Used as a disinfectant; [www.healthcouncil.nl] |
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| Comments |
Isopropyl alcohol causes narcosis in acute animal studies. [ACGIH] Isopropyl alcohol is not hepatotoxic in experimental animal studies or in human exposures. [Zimmerman, p. 367] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression; [ICSC] |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| BEI |
Acetone in urine = 40 mg/L at end of shift at end of work week; |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
200 ppm |
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| STEL (ACGIH) |
400 ppm |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
400 ppm |
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| MAK |
200 ppm |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
2000 ppm |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Ten volunteers exposed for 3 to 5 minutes to 200, 400, or 800 ppm reported mild to moderate irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat at the two higher concentrations [Nelson et al. 1943]. |
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| Vapor Pressure |
45.4 mm Hg |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
1 ppm |
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| Odor Threshold High |
610 ppm |
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| RD50 |
17693 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 16,000 ppm/8H |
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| Explanatory Notes |
IDLH = 10% LEL; Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 43 ppm); Flash point = 12 deg C; |
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| Half Life |
Whole body: 6 hours; whole body for acetone, a metabolite: 22 hours; [TDR, p. 781] |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
3: may ignite at ambient temperature |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Neurotoxin |
CNS Solvent Syndrome |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Not Classifiable |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: ISOPROPANOL
|
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